[11C]acetate PET/CT Visualizes Skeletal Muscle Exercise Participation, Impaired Function, and Recovery after Hip Arthroplasty; First Results

Purpose: Based on skeletal muscle acetate physiology we aimed studying muscle function after hip arthroplasty with [11C]acetate PET. Procedures: Two male patients were investigated 3 and 12weeks after hip arthroplasty with muscle [11C]acetate PET/CT performed at rest and exercise. Median muscle SUVmean were calculated on three non-consecutive transverse PET slices. Results: The four exercise PET/CT showed, compared with rest, consistent increase in [11C]acetate uptake in active muscles contralateral to surgery. On the arthroplasty side most muscles showed symmetric activity increase under exercise both at 3 and 12weeks after surgery, but four muscles showed only minor activity increase at 3weeks. At 3months, functional recovery of the latter four muscles was observed. Conclusion: Consistent increase in [11C]acetate uptake in healthy muscles under exercise compared with rest was observed by PET/CT. Transiently impaired muscle function 3weeks after surgery recovered at 3months. These first observations merit further investigatio

[11C]acetate PET/CT Visualizes Skeletal Muscle Exercise Participation, Impaired Function, and Recovery after Hip Arthroplasty; First Results

Based on skeletal muscle acetate physiology we aimed studying muscle function after hip arthroplasty with [(11)C]acetate PET

The Web Epoch of Reionization Lyman-α\alpha Survey (WERLS) I. MOSFIRE Spectroscopy of z∼7−8\mathbf{z \sim 7-8} Lyman-α\alpha Emitters

We present the first results from the Web Epoch of Reionization Lyman-$\alpha$ Survey (WERLS), a spectroscopic survey of Lyman-$\alpha$ emission using Keck I/MOSFIRE and LRIS. WERLS targets bright ($J<26$) galaxy candidates with photometric redshifts of $5.5\lesssim z \lesssim 8$ selected from pre-JWST imaging embedded in the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) within three JWST deep fields: CEERS, PRIMER, and COSMOS-Web. Here, we report 11 $z\sim7-8$ Lyman-$\alpha$ emitters (LAEs; 3 secure and 8 tentative candidates) detected in the first five nights of WERLS MOSFIRE data. We estimate our observed LAE yield is $\sim13$%, broadly consistent with expectations assuming some loss from redshift uncertainty, contamination from sky OH lines, and that the Universe is approximately half-ionized at this epoch, whereby observable Lyman-$\alpha$ emission is unlikely for galaxies embedded in a neutral intergalactic medium. Our targets are selected to be UV-bright, and span a range of absolute UV magnitudes with $-23.1 < M_{\text{UV}} < -19.8$. With two LAEs detected at $z=7.68$, we also consider the possibility of an ionized bubble at this redshift. Future synergistic Keck+JWST efforts will provide a powerful tool for pinpointing beacons of reionization and mapping the large scale distribution of mass relative to the ionization state of the Universe.Comment: 27 pages, 8 figures; ApJ submitte

CEERS Spectroscopic Confirmation of NIRCam-Selected z > 8 Galaxy Candidates with JWST/NIRSpec: Initial Characterization of their Properties

We present JWST NIRSpec spectroscopy for 11 galaxy candidates with photometric redshifts of $z\simeq9-13$ and $M_{\rm\,UV} \in[-21,-18]$ newly identified in NIRCam images in the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science (CEERS) Survey. We confirm emission line redshifts for 7 galaxies at $z=7.762-8.998$ using spectra at $\sim1-5\mu$m either with the NIRSpec prism or its three medium resolution gratings. For $z\simeq9$ photometric candidates, we achieve a high confirmation rate of $\simeq$90\%, which validates the classical dropout selection from NIRCam photometry. No robust emission lines are identified in three galaxy candidates at $z>10$, where the strong [OIII] and H$\beta$ lines would be redshifted beyond the wavelength range observed by NIRSpec, and the Lyman-$\alpha$ continuum break is not detected with the current sensitivity. Compared with HST-selected bright galaxies ($M_{\rm\,UV}\simeq-22$) that are similarly spectroscopically confirmed at $z\gtrsim8$, these NIRCam-selected galaxies are characterized by lower star formation rates (SFR$\simeq4\,M_{\odot}$~yr$^{-1}$) and lower stellar masses ($\simeq10^{8}\,M_{\odot}$), but with higher [OIII]+H$\beta$ equivalent widths ($\simeq$1100$\r{A}$), and elevated production efficiency of ionizing photons ($\log(\xi_{\rm\,ion}/{\rm\,Hz\,erg}^{-1})\simeq25.8$) induced by young stellar populations ($<10$~Myrs) accounting for $\simeq20\%$ of the galaxy mass, highlighting the key contribution of faint galaxies to cosmic reionization. Taking advantage of the homogeneous selection and sensitivity, we also investigate metallicity and ISM conditions with empirical calibrations using the [OIII]/H$\beta$ ratio. We find that galaxies at $z\sim8-9$ have higher SFRs and lower metallicities than galaxies at similar stellar masses at $z\sim2-6$, which is generally consistent with the current galaxy formation and evolution models.Comment: 21 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables. Submitted to ApJL Focus Issu

CXCR4 identifies transitional bone marrow premonocytes that replenish the mature monocyte pool for peripheral responses

It is well established that Ly6C(hi) monocytes develop from common monocyte progenitors (cMoPs) and reside in the bone marrow (BM) until they are mobilized into the circulation. In our study, we found that BM Ly6C(hi) monocytes are not a homogenous population, as current data would suggest. Using computational analysis approaches to interpret multidimensional datasets, we demonstrate that BM Ly6C(hi) monocytes consist of two distinct subpopulations (CXCR4(hi) and CXCR4(lo) subpopulations) in both mice and humans. Transcriptome studies and in vivo assays revealed functional differences between the two subpopulations. Notably, the CXCR4(hi) subset proliferates and is immobilized in the BM for the replenishment of functionally mature CXCR4(lo) monocytes. We propose that the CXCR4(hi) subset represents a transitional premonocyte population, and that this sequential step of maturation from cMoPs serves to maintain a stable pool of BM monocytes. Additionally, reduced CXCR4 expression on monocytes, upon their exit into the circulation, does not reflect its diminished role in monocyte biology. Specifically, CXCR4 regulates monocyte peripheral cellular activities by governing their circadian oscillations and pulmonary margination, which contributes toward lung injury and sepsis mortality. Together, our study demonstrates the multifaceted role of CXCR4 in defining BM monocyte heterogeneity and in regulating their function in peripheral tissues

Surgical repair of acute Achilles tendon rupture using a "mini-open" technique

For active patients, surgery is usually the preferred treatment for an acute Achilles tendon rupture. Classical open techniques require a long tendon exposure, which can result in damage to its blood supply and gliding structures. Adhesions may form, which impair the final functional result. Closed surgical techniques do not allow for a perfect adaptation of the tendon stumps and have a higher rate of rerupture. The "mini-open" technique has advantages over both of these techniques. Percutaneously introduced threads prevent adhesions along the tendon. The rupture is exposed through a minimal incision and is carefully sutured with fine threads to allow a direct healing process without the formation of intermediate scar tissue. The minimally invasive approach and the introduction of percutaneous threads considerably reduce the time spent in surgery. An aggressive rehabilitation program can be initiated 1 week after surgery and allows good early functional results

Limited open repair of Achilles tendon ruptures: a technique with a new instrument and findings of a prospective multicenter study

Controversy persists regarding the ideal surgical technique for repair of a ruptured Achilles tendon. We propose a limited open procedure with use of an instrument that provides the advantage of an open repair but avoids the soft-tissue problems with which open repair has been associated

Assessing Software Quality through Web Comment Search and Analysis

When reusing software resources appearing on the Internet, developers often encounter the problem that it is hard to know the quality of candidate software. In this case, developers usually want to search and find referable user comment on the Internet. To assist this process, we proposed a textual comment based software quality assessment approach in this paper. It could search and collect the user comments of the software resource on the Internet automatically. Furthermore, the sentiment polarity (positive or negative) of a comment is identified and all the comments are classified into positive or negative collection. Then the quality aspects which the comment talks about are extracted so as to draw out the merits and drawbacks of software resources. With these information, developers can do candidate software selection easier and quicker in the software repository. To evaluate our approach, we apply our approach on a group of open source software. The results show that our approach could achieve satisfying precision in software quality assessment. ? 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.EI