Economía neo-schumpeteriana, innovación y política tecnológica

This paper analyzes the ontological, epistemological and, to a lesser extent, methodological aspects that characterize the neo-Schumpeterian theory (Nelson and Winter, 1982) compared to those of the neoclassical theory. It also discusses how the differences between these theories lead to a different analysis of the innovation process, which translates into a dissimilar conception on the role of technology policy and intellectual property. Finally it examines the influence of both theories in the Spanish Strategy for Science, Technology and Innovation and in the debate on intellectual property.El presente artículo analiza los aspectos ontológicos, epistemológicos y, en menor medida, metodológicos que caracterizan a la teoría neo-schumpeteriana (Nelson y Winter, 1982) en comparación con los de la teoría neoclásica. Se discute también cómo las diferencias entre ambas teorías llevan a un análisis distinto sobre el proceso innovador, que se materializa en una diferente concepción acerca del papel de la política tecnológica y de propiedad intelectual. Finalmente, se examina la influencia de ambas teorías en la Estrategia Española de Ciencia y Tecnología y de Innovación y en el debate sobre propiedad intelectua

Ressenyes

Obra ressenyada: Reviel NETZ, Alambre de púas : una ecología de la modernidad. Buenos Aires: Eudeba, 2013

Is Ecuador ready to change its productive matrix?: an analysis of the Ecuadorian innovation system

Through a review of the Ecuadorian science, technology and innovation surveys and of several empirical studies on Ecuador; this article describes the Ecuadorian business sector, its science and technology organizations and their interactions; with the objective of examining the capacity of the Ecuadorian innovation system to move towards a productive structure based on the use of knowledge. The analysis indicates that Ecuador does not yet have an innovation system with learning capacity, which allows such a transition, when the technological conditions are propitious

Regional Characteristics and the Decision to Innovate in a Developing Country: A Multilevel Analysis of Ecuadorian Firms

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade da Coruña/CISUG[Abstract] This is the first study that uses multilevel modelling to analyse regional influence on the decision to invest in innovation activities of firms in a single developing country, Ecuador. Our results indicate that the decision to invest in R&D and in other innovation activities are conditioned by the region in which the firm is located. Regional loan volume, orientation towards knowledge exploitation and intra-regional-sectorial R&D spillovers are positively associated with both types of innovation activities, while regional levels of co-operation and inter-regional R&D spillovers are only positively associated with the probability of investing in other innovation activitie

Flexión activa en forjados construidos con contrachapado curvado en el plano

Active bending structures incorporate curved beams or shells that are elastically bent from originally straight or flat elements. When both curved and straight elements are coupled, systems stiffness can be enhanced for certain load cases. In this paper, the effects of active bending in twelve floor structure proposals constructed from curved and straight plywood elements is discussed. These solutions are numerically analysed and compared with the reference solution of straight and parallel joists in a Bic-λ diagram, the instrument devised by Frei Otto to compare the material consumption of different structural systems. Simultaneously to the analytical study, three-point bending tests of two full-scale prototypes are carried out. Based on tests findings, a new case of joist with more elements is introduced, which will eventually be the most efficient.Las estructuras con flexión activa incorporan vigas o superficies curvas que obtienen esa geometría mediante deformación elástica de elementos originalmente rectos o planos. Cuando se emparejan elementos curvos y rectos se pueden conseguir sistemas con una rigidez mayor que si trabajan independientemente. En este trabajo se estudian los efectos de la flexión activa en doce propuestas de forjado con viguetas construidas a partir de elementos curvos y rectos de contrachapado de lauan. Estas soluciones se analizan informáticamente y se comparan con la solución de referencia de viguetas rectas y paralelas en un diagrama Bic-λ, el instrumento ideado por Frei Otto para comparar el consumo material de distintos sistemas estructurales. Simultáneamente al estudio analítico se realizan ensayos a flexión de tres puntos de dos prototipos a escala real. Las conclusiones derivadas de los ensayos servirán para introducir un nuevo caso de vigueta con más elementos que acabará siendo el más eficiente

Interview with professor David Edgerton, CHoSTM (Imperial College London)

Peer Reviewe

A note on the combustion of blends of diesel and soya, sunflower and rapeseed vegetable oils in a light boiler

Producción CientíficaThis paper deals with the study of the vegetable oils (VO) used as fuel for heating. The properties of sunflower, rape and soya oils are studied and these are compared with the properties of C-diesel fuel (used for heating domestic purposes in Spain). The mixtures of VO and diesel are studied and characterized and, finally, the results of a series of combustion trials of the mixtures in a conventional heating installation with a mechanical pulverization burner are presented. The results show that viscosity of VO limits the use of blends up to 40% of them, and the oxygen present in their structures contributes to an efficiency gai

A single amino acid substitution in the novel H7N9 influenza A virus NS1 protein increases CPSF30 binding and virulence

Although an effective interferon antagonist in human and avian cells, the novel H7N9 influenza virus NS1 protein is defective at inhibiting CPSF30. An I106M substitution in H7N9 NS1 can restore CPSF30 binding together with the ability to block host gene expression. Furthermore, a recombinant virus expressing H7N9 NS1-I106M replicates to higher titers in vivo, and is subtly more virulent, than parental. Natural polymorphisms in H7N9 NS1 that enhance CPSF30 binding may be cause for concern

La enseñanza de la lectura y la escritura hoy. Entrevista a Ana Teberosky Coronado

Ana Teberosky Coronado es miembro del OED y Profesora Catedrática del Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación de la Facultad de Psicología de la Universitat de Barcelona. Sus intereses de investigación giran en torno a la interacción entre la oralidad y la escritura, el aprendizaje del lenguaje escrito y el desarrollo metalingüístico

On the free-boundary for an elliptic inverse nonlocal problem arising in the nuclear fusion. A numerical approach

We consider a mathematical model related to the stationary regime of a plasma magnetically confined in a Stellarator device in the nuclear fusion. The mathematical problem may be reduced to an nonlinear elliptic inverse nonlocal two dimensional free{boundary problem. The nonlinear terms involving the unknown functions of the problem and its rearrangement. Our main goal is to determinate the existence and the estimate on the location and size of region where the solution is nonnegative almost everywhere (corresponding to the plasma region in the physical model