Investigaciones Sobre Lectura (ISL, E-Journal - Asociación Española de Comprensión Lectora)
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    71 research outputs found

    Literacidad crítica y medios de comunicación: el profesorado en formación ante el discurso del odio

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    El estudio que presentamos se inscribe en una investigación más amplia en torno a las posibilidades de mejora de la literacidad crítica ante los medios y redes sociales de comunicación, en la formación inicial de los docentes de Educación Secundaria, en línea con los esfuerzos que vienen desarrollando la UNESCO, mediante la colaboración de una red internacional de Universidades. El caso concreto que presentamos tiene como objetivo principal conocer la actitud y conducta comunicativa de los estudiantes del Máster de Profesorado ante los discursos del odio y la violencia, en el contexto de los medios de comunicación multimodales, así como su autovaloración para formar en este tema a su futuro alumnado y la importancia que le conceden. Una muestra de estudiantes de la Universidad de Cádiz (n=72) respondió al cuestionario mostrando posiciones concluyentes en cuanto a la importancia de la alfabetización o literacidad mediática, pero contra lo esperado, no tienen una cultura mediática homogénea. En cambio, sí coinciden en una perspectiva de la experiencia de interacción centrada en lo personal y apenas prestan atención a los fenómenos disruptivos en los medios y redes digitales; por lo que, cuando tienen un incidente con discursos agresivos, les afecta drásticamente y no disponen de estrategias para afrontarlos. Sin embargo, se autoperciben preparados para educar en la materia a su futuro alumnado. Creemos que estos resultados justifican la necesidad de implementar formación específica en literacidad crítica para los futuros docentes de Secundaria.The study we present is part of a wider research on the possibilities of improving critical literacy in front of mass media and social networks, in the initial training of Secondary Education teachers, in line with the efforts being developed by UNESCO, through the collaboration of an international network of Universities. The main objective of the case study presented here is to understand the attitude and communicative behaviour of the pre-service students of the Master's Degree in Teaching in the face of hate and violence speech, in the context of multi-modal media, as well as their self-evaluation in order to train their future students in this subject and the importance they attach to it. A sample of students from the University of Cadiz (n=72) responded to a questionnaire showing conclusive positions regarding the importance of media literacy, but contrary to expectations, they do not have a homogeneous media culture. On the other hand, they do agree in a perspective of the experience of interaction centered in themselves as individuals and they hardly pay attention to the disruptive phenomena in the media and digital networks; therefore, when they have an incident with aggressive discourses, it affects them drastically and they do not have strategies to face them. However, they perceive themselves to be prepared to educate their future students in the subject. We believe that these results justify the need to implement specific training in critical literacy for future secondary school teachers

    Hábitos de lectura y consumo de información de los adolescentes en el ámbito digital

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    The present work tries to echo how the communicative metamorphoses occurred in the last years, inferring in the reading habits and in the consumption of information in a general way and more specifically in adolescents. The analysis will start from the report prepared by the writers’ guild 2018 (2019), since it allows us to monitor the state of reading habits and book purchases in a generalized way in Spain. Then, apply what has been poured out to young people extensively and, finally, materializing by extrapolating all the data analyzed to the geographical area of Cádiz adolescents and their position in relation to the rest of Spanish adolescents. Gender variables will also be taken into account in a very special way, to see if there is a certain preference depending on the sex of the reader in the choice of medium (digital or analogue) and if within the digital medium there are discrepancies in the type of text read. We will also check whether digital reading by young people is reduced exclusively to short texts and whether this choice can be derived from the very nature of digital. In the same way, we will pay special attention to the preferences of analogical reading versus digital reading, when we talk about long texts, again due to the personal nature of paper reading. We will analyze the reading frequency of the different digital media, as well as the choice of other shorter texts, categorized within the taxonomy of digital reading. Finally, we will take into account what types of readers with respect to reading frequency become from digital media. The idea is to draw up a panorama that shows how reading occurs among adolescents in the digital world, by definition, closer to their thoughts and feelings

    Estrategias de enseñanza de la comprensión lectora aplicadas y percibidas: un estudio con docentes y estudiantes de cuarto grado de educación básica de Manabí-Ecuador

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    Students accessing a specific cycle of studies must have efficiently demonstrated the reading and writing skills acquired in the previous cycle, which will enable them to continue with an adequate training. However, data show a different reality. The objective of this study is to identify the main methodological strategies used by teachers in the teaching of comprehension of written texts in the context of Basic General Education in the districts of Chone-Flavio Alfaro, Manta-Montecristi-Jaramijó, Portoviejo, Jipijapa and El Carmen in the province of Manabí (Ecuador). A survey was applied to 172 fourth grade teachers and 4310 students, an instrument that had previously been validated by a group of experts by using the Delphi method. The results of this study indicate that there are significant differences between teacher and student data. It is concluded that the teacher profiles developed in the classrooms are based on traditional pedagogical models (such as behaviorism, cognitivism and constructivism) and that, therefore, it is necessary to apply new methodological strategies in the teaching of comprehensive reading, since these can provide interesting academic benefits. Keywords: Reading comprehension; basic education; implication; teachers’ profile; methodological strategies.El alumnado que accede a un determinado ciclo de estudios ha de haber demostrado de forma eficiente las competencias de lectoescritura que adquirió en el ciclo anterior y que le permitirán continuar con una adecuada formación. Sin embargo, los datos muestran una realidad diferente. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar cuáles son las principales estrategias metodológicas utilizadas por el profesorado en la enseñanza para la comprensión de textos escritos en el contexto de la Educación General Básica de los distritos de Chone-Flavio Alfaro, Manta-Montecristi-Jaramijó, Portoviejo, Jipijapa y El Carmen de la provincia de Manabí (Ecuador). Se aplicó una encuesta a 172 docentes de cuarto grado y a 4310 estudiantes, instrumento que había sido previamente validado por un grupo de expertos mediante el método Delphi. Los resultados de este estudio indican que existen diferencias significativas entre los datos provenientes del profesorado y los del alumnado. Se concluye que los perfiles docentes desarrollados en las aulas se sustentan en modelos pedagógicos tradicionales (tales como el conductismo, cognitivismo y constructivismo) y que, por lo tanto, es necesario aplicar nuevas estrategias metodológicas en la enseñanza de la lectura comprensiva, ya que estas pueden proporcionar interesantes beneficios académicos. Palabras clave: Comprensión lectora; educación básica; implicación; perfiles docentes; estrategias metodológicas

    Lectura en y a través de las disciplinas: la comprensión de géneros académicos escritos. Una exploración al ámbito desde algunas teorías y modelos de comprensión del discurso escrito

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    Text comprehension is one of the most complex sociocognitive tasks and an essential ability in our society today (Parodi, 2005), specially, in academic and professional practice communities (Hyland, 2012) where reading is an access, acquisition, construction of knowledge and inclusion path to specific communities (Wineburg, 1998; Yore et al., 2003). The objective of this article is to explore the comprehension of academic and disciplinary texts. For this, theoretical proposals and models about the comprehension of specialized discourse are analyzed, such as Kintsch (1998), Valparaíso School of Linguistics (Parodi, 2005; 2011; 2014; Ibáñez, 2008; 2007; Parodi, Peronard & Ibáñez, 2010), McNamara (2004), McNamara & Kintsch (1996), Goldman et al. (2012). In consequence, it is intended to contribute to the conformation of a state of the matter in order to understand what is to comprehend disciplinary texts and to show the processing involved in this task.La comprensión textual es una de las tareas sociocognitivas más complejas y una habilidad fundamental en nuestra sociedad actual (Parodi, 2005), en particular, en las comunidades de práctica académicas y profesionales (Hyland, 2012), donde la lectura se transforma en una vía de acceso, adquisición, construcción del conocimiento e incorporación a comunidades específicas (Wineburg, 1998; Yore, Bisanz y Hand, 2003). El objetivo de este artículo es indagar en el proceso de comprensión de textos académicos y disciplinares. Para esto se analizan las propuestas y modelos teóricos sobre la comprensión del discurso especializado, tales como Kintsch (1998), la Escuela Lingüística de Valparaíso (Parodi, 2005; 2011; 2014; Ibáñez, 2007b; 2008; Parodi, Peronard & Ibáñez, 2010), McNamara (2004), McNamara & Kintsch (1996), Goldman, Braasch, Wiley,  Graesser y Brodowinska (2012). Con ello, se espera contribuir a la conformación de un estado de la cuestión para entender qué significa comprender textos en las disciplinas y dar cuenta de su procesamiento

    La dimensión emocional en la educación poética como clave para mejorar las actitudes de los adolescentes hacia la poesía

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    Las aportaciones más interesantes a la educación literaria y a la didáctica de la poesía que se han dado en los últimos tiempos apuntan a la consideración de la dimensión emocional presente en ellas. La investigación que presentamos busca conocer cómo cambian las actitudes de los adolescentes hacia la poesía al utilizar un enfoque emocional en el diseño de un proyecto sobre poesía.  Se recoge la información a través de un cuestionario previo y un cuestionario posterior al desarrollo del proyecto “Hablemos con la poesía”, que realizan 54 estudiantes de 2º ESO en el IES Gran Capitán de Madrid. En general, las actitudes hacia la poesía mejoran tras una semana utilizando un enfoque emocional, y los participantes manifiestan una actitud positiva hacia el proyecto. &nbsp

    Experiencia en el uso de una plataforma digital para el ejercicio de la comprensión lectora y el vocabulario: percepción de estudiantes de primaria

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    This study explores the experience of using a digital platform for reading comprehension and vocabulary based on the perception of students in Chilean elementary education. 493 surveys completed by students in 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th grade from private subsidized schools were analyzed. The survey responses are complemented with answers from a focus group with 17 students in the same classrooms. The results indicate that the majority of students positively perceive the use of the platform, indicating that it was an aid to improve their reading comprehension. From the students' responses, categories are created that describe their perceptions. Implications for educational research and practice are discussed.Este estudio explora la experiencia de uso de una plataforma digital para ejercitar comprensión lectora y vocabulario según las percepciones de alumnos de enseñanza básica. Se analizaron 493 encuestas aplicadas a estudiantes chilenos de 3º, 4º, 5º y 6º básico de establecimientos subvencionados. Las encuestas son complementadas con respuestas obtenidas en un grupo focal con 17 estudiantes de los mismos cursos. Los resultados indican que la mayor parte de los encuestados perciben positivamente el uso de la plataforma, indicando que fue una ayuda para mejorar su comprensión lectora. A partir de las respuestas, se crean categorías que describen la percepción de ellos. Se discuten implicancias para la investigación y práctica educativa. &nbsp

    ¿Qué leen los adolescentes españoles? Un estudio de los consumos de lectura analógica

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    This work is part of the project “Determining factors in the reading habits of secondary school students. A study from the variables of the educational context” (PR2017040), funded by the Own Research Plan of the University of Cádiz. The main objective is to know the reading consumption of Spanish teenagers. Specifically, the consumption of analog reading of students of 1st year of Compulsory Secondary Education in Spain is studied. A sample of students from the province of Cádiz (n=664) and from other Spanish provinces (n=192) responded to a questionnaire about their reading habits. It allowed, in the first instance, to determine if informants enjoy reading and, later, to gather information about what and in what format they read, the criteria on which they are based to choose their readings, how much time they dedicate to read and where they get their readings. The results indicate that this sector of the population prefers reading adventure books, chooses books by subject, reads more during holidays and uses their own books. However, it is confirmed that the development of the reading habit is still a subject to pass

    Consumos lectores entre adolescentes: Un abordaje comparado desde contextos internacionales. El caso de Polonia, Chile y Portugal

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    This contribution evaluated aspects, such as the frequency of reading, formats, and reading preferences, of secondary school students from Poland, Chile, and Portugal. For this, we started with the data obtained from a questionnaire on reading interests and frequencies, answered by 491 schoolchildren from the referred countries (175 Poles, 178 Chileans, and 138 Portuguese), on which a contrastive analysis was carried out with the aim of observing whether the strategies for promoting and consolidating reading habits should follow similar or divergent guidelines in each of the contexts. The comparison of the results indicates low reading frequencies are common to all the countries of the study, highlighting the lack of interest in reading periodicals (newspapers and magazines) and comics, although in leisure time (particularly on holidays) respondents show a greater interest in reading. Their preferences are oriented toward the adventure genre, which is followed by books on romantic themes, science fiction, mystery, terror, and humor. As for specific works and authors, we found a very heterogeneous and diverse panorama for each country. They show, in general terms, a penchant for paper in relation to reading support (e-books, in particular, are not particularly appreciated); however, a large contingent of schoolchildren are indifferent to the format. Digital reading is largely dominant in social networks. The analysis of the results reveals an important confluence in the three contexts analyzed, pointing in general to a low frequency and motivation toward reading, which is why common strategies are proposed to enhance the reading habits of Polish, Chilean, and Portuguese schoolchildren

    La biblioteca escolar y de aula. Un estudio de caso sobre la transformación de espacios y recursos desde la voz de los agentes dinamizadores

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    This work analyzes the transformation and configuration of the school and classroom libraries of a school of Early Childhood and Primary Education in Andalusia. The purpose is to investigate and explore how a scholar library can be transformed to be an educational space that encourages learning in Early Childhood and Primary students. The methodology, framed in the qualitative paradigm, addresses an investigation in contexts based on a case study. Various techniques have been used to extract the relevant information, such as the semi-structured interview and field observation, and instruments such as the field diary and a checklist to analyze the school’s documents. The improvement process, evidenced in the main findings, was based on the realization of two matrices: a DAFO that served to diagnose, in the first instance, and a CAME, on which the basis of the transformation of the school library was built.Este trabajo analiza la transformación y configuración de las bibliotecas de centro y aula de un centro de Educación infantil y Primaria de Andalucía. El propósito es indagar y explorar de qué manera se puede transformar una biblioteca escolar para que sea un espacio educativo que fomente el aprendizaje en el alumnado de Educación Infantil y Primaria. La metodología, enmarcada en el paradigma cualitativo, aborda una investigación en contextos a partir de un estudio de caso. Para extraer la información relevante, se han utilizado diversas técnicas, como la entrevista semiestructurada y la observación de campo e instrumentos tales como el diario de campo y una lista de control para analizar los documentos del centro. El proceso de mejora, evidenciado en los hallazgos principales, tomó como base la realización de dos matrices: una DAFO que sirvió para diagnosticar, en primera instancia, y una CAME, sobre la que se construyó la base de la transformación de la biblioteca escolar

    Estrategias de aplicación digital en la comprensión de textos narrativos

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    The counter allows 5 wordsComprensión, Aprendizaje electrónico, lectura digita

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    Investigaciones Sobre Lectura (ISL, E-Journal - Asociación Española de Comprensión Lectora) is based in Spain
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