In vitro probiotic profiling of novel Enterococcus faecium and Leuconostoc mesenteroides from Tunisian freshwater fishes

International audienceNovel lactic acid bacteria isolated from different organs of freshwater fish were examined for their potential application as probiotics in raw and processed foods. Four isolates of Enterococcus faecium and Leuconostoc mesenteroides were identified at the molecular level by 16S rRNA sequencing and random amplification of polymorphic DNA - polymerase chain reaction, and their antimicrobial activity against a panel of pathogens and food-poisoning bacteria was investigated. The whole bacteriocins of the 4 isolates were characterized by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequences in PCR. The isolates exhibited high inhibitory activities against food-borne pathogens and spoilage microbial species and have significant probiotic profiles, since they survived at pH 3.0 and in the presence of bile salts, pancreatin, and pepsin, without any detectable hemolytic activity. Further, moderate heat resistance, adhesion ability to steel surfaces, and sensitivity to clinically relevant antimicrobial agents were revealed for all the isolates. These results highlight the specific probiotic properties of the strains and give evidence for potential application in minimally processed foods subjected to moderate heat processing

A recepção de fanon no Brasil e a identidade negra

Neste artigo, uso fontes bibliográficas e testemunhos para analisar a recepção de Fanon pelo meio intelectual brasileiro, assim como sua influência sobre a formação de identidades negras. Enquanto observo uma recepção morna, argumento que isso se deveu a três fatores: primeiro, a especificidade da esquerda latino-americana nos anos 1960; em segundo, uma constituição racial e nacional totalmente oposta a conflitos raciais; e, em terceiro, o número reduzido nas universidades brasileiras de professores e pesquisadores negros que abordem a formação da identidade negra ou a afirmação de sujeitos racialmente oprimidos.<br>In this article, I use bibliographical sources and testimonies to analyse the reception of Fanon by the Brazilian intellectual milieu, as well as his influence upon the formation of black identities. As I observe a lukewarm reception I argue it was due to three factors: First, the specificity of the Latin American left in the 1960's; second, a national and racial makeup totally opposed to racial conflicts; and third the small number of black professors and researchers at Brazilian universities who focus on the formation of black identity or the affirmation of racially oppressed subjects