Wall effects in wind tunnels

A synthesis of current trends in the reduction and computation of wall effects is presented. Some of the points discussed include: (1) for the two-dimensional, transonic tests, various control techniques of boundary conditions are used with adaptive walls offering high precision in determining reference conditions and residual corrections. A reduction in the boundary layer effects of the lateral walls is obtained at T2; (2) for the three-dimensional tests, the methods for the reduction of wall effects are still seldom applied due to a lesser need and to their complexity; (3) the supports holding the model of the probes have to be taken into account in the estimation of perturbatory effects

Energy nonequipartition in a sheared granular mixture

The kinetic granular temperatures of a binary granular mixture in simple shear flow are determined from the Boltzmann kinetic theory by using a Sonine polynomial expansion. The results show that the temperature ratio is clearly different from unity (as may be expected since the system is out of equilibrium) and strongly depends on the restitution coefficients as well as on the parameters of the mixture. The approximate analytical calculations are compared with those obtained from Monte Carlo simulations of the Boltzmann equation showing an excellent agreement over the range of parameters investigated. Finally, the influence of the temperature differences on the rheological properties is also discussed.Comment: 3 figure

Fuzzy prolog with default knowledge

In omplete information is a problem in many aspe ts of a tual environments. Further- more, in many s enarios the knowledge is not represented in a risp way. It is ommon to nd fuzzy on epts or problems with some level of un ertainty. This work extends the semanti s and implementation of fuzzy prolog presented in [VGM02, GMV04℄ in order to in lude Default Knowledge apability. The new semanti allows non-uniform default assumptions and has Closed World Assumption (CWA) and Open World Assumption (OWA) as parti ular ases.Eje: I - Workshop de Ingeniería de Software y Base de DatosRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

Fuzzy prolog with default knowledge

This work extends the semantics and implementation of fuzzy prolog presented in [VGM02] in order to include Default Knowledge capability. The new semantic allows non-uniform default assumptions and has Closed World Assumption (CWA) and Open World Assumption (OWA) as particular cases.Eje: Inteligencia artificial distribuida, aspectos teóricos de la inteligencia artificial y teoría de computaciónRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

The Nuclear dsRNA Binding Protein HYL1 Is Required for MicroRNA Accumulation and Plant Development, but Not Posttranscriptional Transgene Silencing

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 21–24 nucleotides long molecules processed from imperfect double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs). They regulate gene expression by targeting complementary mRNA for cleavage or interfering with their translation [1–6]. In Arabidopsis, point mutations in or short truncations of the nuclear DICER-LIKE1 (DCL1) or HEN1 protein reduce miRNA accumulation and increase uncleaved target mRNAs accumulation, resulting in developmental abnormalities [7–12]. Here, we show that miRNA accumulation also depends on the activity of HYL1, a nuclear dsRNA binding protein [13]. hyl1 mutants exhibit developmental defects overlapping with that of dcl1 and hen1 mutants, suggesting that DCL1, HEN1, and HYL1 act together in the nucleus. We validate additional target mRNAs and show that reduced miRNA accumulation in hyl1 correlates with an increased accumulation of uncleaved target mRNAs, including meristem- and auxin-related genes, providing clues for the developmental abnormalities of hyl1 and for the previous identification of hyl1 as a mutant with altered responses to phytohormones [13]. Lastly, we show that posttranscriptional transgene silencing occurs in hyl1, suggesting that HYL1 has specialized function in the plant miRNA pathway, whereas the HYL1-related RDE-4 and R2D2 proteins associate with DICER in the cytoplasm and act in the RNAi pathway in C. elegans and Drosophila, respectively [14–15]

Verification of Java Bytecode using Analysis and Transformation of Logic Programs

State of the art analyzers in the Logic Programming (LP) paradigm are nowadays mature and sophisticated. They allow inferring a wide variety of global properties including termination, bounds on resource consumption, etc. The aim of this work is to automatically transfer the power of such analysis tools for LP to the analysis and verification of Java bytecode (JVML). In order to achieve our goal, we rely on well-known techniques for meta-programming and program specialization. More precisely, we propose to partially evaluate a JVML interpreter implemented in LP together with (an LP representation of) a JVML program and then analyze the residual program. Interestingly, at least for the examples we have studied, our approach produces very simple LP representations of the original JVML programs. This can be seen as a decompilation from JVML to high-level LP source. By reasoning about such residual programs, we can automatically prove in the CiaoPP system some non-trivial properties of JVML programs such as termination, run-time error freeness and infer bounds on its resource consumption. We are not aware of any other system which is able to verify such advanced properties of Java bytecode

Deoxidation Impact on Non-Metallic Inclusions and Characterization Methods

Deoxidation is an unavoidable step in the elaboration of steel. The study of its influence could improve the quality of low-carbon steel (0.20–0.25 wt.% of carbon). There are many deoxidation methods, and the most-common one consists of adding aluminum. Although it is a classic method, determining the optimal process parameters (quantity, yield, etc.…) could be very sensitive. Deoxidation plays a determining role on inclusion cleanliness, especially on sulfide morphology. In order to control the efficiency of deoxidation, different techniques can be used. In this paper, an automated counting procedure on a scanning electron microscope with a field emission gun (FEG-SEM) is presented. This method was applied on samples cast in our laboratory under different deoxidation conditions. According to this, the resulting inclusion population is correlated with the aluminum content to find the optimal process parameters