Systematic identification of transcriptional activation domains from non-transcription factor proteins in plants and yeast

Transcription factors can promote gene expression through activation domains. Whole-genome screens have systematically mapped activation domains in transcription factors but not in non-transcription factor proteins (e.g., chromatin regulators and coactivators). To fill this knowledge gap, we employed the activation domain predictor PADDLE to analyze the proteomes of Arabidopsis thaliana and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We screened 18,000 predicted activation domains from >800 non-transcription factor genes in both species, confirming that 89% of candidate proteins contain active fragments. Our work enables the annotation of hundreds of nuclear proteins as putative coactivators, many of which have never been ascribed any function in plants. Analysis of peptide sequence compositions reveals how the distribution of key amino acids dictates activity. Finally, we validated short, "universal" activation domains with comparable performance to state-of-the-art activation domains used for genome engineering. Our approach enables the genome-wide discovery and annotation of activation domains that can function across diverse eukaryotes

Blood Banking in Living Droplets

Blood banking has a broad public health impact influencing millions of lives daily. It could potentially benefit from emerging biopreservation technologies. However, although vitrification has shown advantages over traditional cryopreservation techniques, it has not been incorporated into transfusion medicine mainly due to throughput challenges. Here, we present a scalable method that can vitrify red blood cells in microdroplets. This approach enables the vitrification of large volumes of blood in a short amount of time, and makes it a viable and scalable biotechnology tool for blood cryopreservation.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (NIH R21 EB007707)Wallace H. Coulter FoundationUnited States. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (Acquisition Activity Cooperative Agreement RO1 A1081534)Center for Integration of Medicine and Innovative TechnologyUnited States. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (Acquisition Activity Cooperative Agreement R21 AI087107)United States. Army. Telemedicine & Advanced Technology Research Cente

The cost of community-managed viral respiratory illnesses in a cohort of healthy preschool-aged children

Background : Acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs) during childhood are often caused by respiratory viruses, result in significant morbidity, and have associated costs for families and society. Despite their ubiquity, there is a lack of interdisciplinary epidemiologic and economic research that has collected primary impact data, particularly associated with indirect costs, from families during ARIs in children.Methods : We conducted a 12-month cohort study in 234 preschool children with impact diary recording and PCR testing of nose-throat swabs for viruses during an ARI. We used applied values to estimate a virus-specific mean cost of ARIs.Results : Impact diaries were available for 72% (523/725) of community-managed illnesses between January 2003 and January 2004. The mean cost of ARIs was AU$309 (95$263 to $354). Influenza illnesses had a mean cost of$904, compared with RSV, $304, the next most expensive single-virus illness, although confidence intervals overlapped. Mean carer time away from usual activity per day was two hours for influenza ARIs and between 30 and 45 minutes for all other ARI categories.Conclusion : From a societal perspective, community-managed ARIs are a significant cost burden on families and society. The point estimate of the mean cost of community-managed influenza illnesses in healthy preschool aged children is three times greater than those illnesses caused by RSV and other respiratory viruses. Indirect costs, particularly carer time away from usual activity, are the key cost drivers for ARIs in children. The use of parent-collected specimens may enhance ARI surveillance and reduce any potential Hawthorne effect caused by compliance with study procedures. These findings reinforce the need for further integrated epidemiologic and economic research of ARIs in children to allow for comprehensive cost-effectiveness assessments of preventive and therapeutic options.<br /

EUGENICS, IMMIGRATION RESTRICTION AND THE BIRTH CONTROL MOVEMENTS(Chapt.- 16)

This chapter is one of 29 essays that discusses how academics, then and now, have addressed the political, economic, diplomatic, cultural, ethnic, and social history of the presidents of the Republican Era of 1921-1933 - Harding, Coolidge, and Hoover. The eugenics, birth control and immigration restriction movements, discussed in this chapter, were intertwined. The complete book is available at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/book/10.1002/9781118834510Other PUBLICATIONS and PAPERS on origins of drinking patterns and attitudes in western Europe from antiquity and the influence of the Roman Empire, its continued influence on modern society including American Prohibition and temperance cycles, alcohol control policies, attitudes and beverage preferences due to religion, climate, and European homeland can be found at the following IUScholarWorks links: https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/handle/2022/17129/browse?type=title; https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/handle/2022/17132/browse?type=title; https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/handle/2022/17136/browse?type=title; http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17452; http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17143; http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17139; http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17145; http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17148; http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17149; http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17484; http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17485; http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17590Agitation for eugenics, immigration restriction, and birth control were intertwined during the first decades of the twentieth century along with numerous other health issues. Campaigns for these causes led to public policies in an effort to improve the physical, mental and social health of the nation. However, these issues were not considered of historical interest until the post-World War II era. Eugenics and the leaders of the eugenics movement were often discredited by late twentieth-century historians as elitists or racists, while early immigration restriction laws and nativism gained renewed interest, and birth control and its early leaders such as Margaret Sanger were both eulogized and demonized. Contested interpretations of all three of these reform movements and their leaders have been found since the 1950s

An Approach to Mitigating Excess Medical Waste

We present a literature-based review on global health disparities and a health economics perspective on utilizing low cost interventions to improve these disparities. We then introduce the need for a non-for profit organization that specializes in excess medical waste as a low cost intervention to empower targeted communities and improve global health disparities while decreasing the burden of medical waste. Medical waste is defined and a literature-based review is presented on the current body of knowledge concerning medical waste such as how much exists and why it exists. We then present a research study survey that will be executed to characterize excess medical waste in Hillsborough County

Daily Life in Islam

This page was created by Butler University students to give a glimpse of what the daily life for a Muslim may look like. As Islam is one of the fastest growing religions, it is important to understand the religion as best we can so that Muslim\u27s feel supported and understood in their day-to-day lives. We touched on many aspects of the daily Islamic culture including food, physical appearance, gender differences, prayer, and holidays. By visiting the pages of the site, you can learn more information about each of these aspects