INFLUÊNCIA DO PULSO DE INUNDAÇÃO NAS VARIÁVEIS LIMNOLÓGICAS EM UM RIO DE PLANÍCIE

Os pulsos de inundação são eventos de ordem natural decorrentes das oscilações fluviométricas em planícies. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o efeito do pulso de inundação nas variáveis limnológicas das águas superficiais do rio Paraguai e na lagoa marginal Baía do Tuiuiú. Foram realizadas quatro campanhas em diferentes períodos do ciclo hidrológico e analisados diversos parâmetros de qualidade de água. Os resultados mostraram que ambos os ambientes respondem com grandes alterações da qualidade de água na medida em que durante a fase de enchente do ciclo hidrológico com o início de inundação das áreas marginais do rio

CONCENTRAÇÃO DE SÓLIDOS SUSPENSOS POR ESPECTROFOTOMETRIA

The use of sensors with optical principles designed to estimate sediment transport, and mainly the concentration of suspended solids (CSS) constitutes a robust technique that is currently consolidated and well disseminated in the scientific community, thus configuring an important tool in research, management and control of river basins. The present study, carried out in a water body located near the mouth of the Coxim River - (Coxim, MS), consisted of comparing Nephelometric Techniques and the integrated area of ​​absorbance at wavelengths in the spectrum from 400 to 600 mm (A400-600) and these are measured using a UV/VIS spectrophotometer for indirect determination of CSS. This water body showed characteristics of high sediment input; and for the purpose of possible relationships between the parameters and the characterization of suspended sediments transported by the river, the granulometry (Medium Sand, Fine Sand, Silt and Clay) of the processed samples was determined. The interactions between the parameters to indirectly determine CSS showed the following correlations: (p<0.001); Nephelometric with (R=0.942) and A400-600 (R=0.959); and the particle size fractions, in turn, indicated: (%) of Silt (52.6 ± 17.4), in addition to values ​​close to the distribution of Clay (15.3 ± 6.73), Fine Sand (15.6 ± 10.83) and Medium Sand (16.7 ± 11.84). In this context, according to the results of the residues and correlations, it was observed that A400-600 behaved in a more allusive way compared to the Nephelometric technique in drought and flood events, thus estimating the Detection Limit for CSS (26 .47 mg.L-1 and 44.67 mg.L-1) respectively.O emprego de sensores com princípios ópticos destinados a estimar o transporte de sedimentos, e principalmente a concentração de sólidos suspensos (CSS) constitui uma técnica robusta que atualmente encontra-se consolidada e bem difundida no meio científico, configurando assim uma ferramenta importante na pesquisa, gestão e controle de bacias hidrográficas.  O presente estudo realizado em um corpo hídrico presente nas proximidades da foz do Rio Coxim - (Coxim, MS), consistiu em comparar as Técnicas Nefelométricas e a área integrada da absorbância em comprimento de onda no espectro de 400 a 600 mm (A400-600) sendo estas medidas por meio de um espectrofotômetro UV/VIS para determinação indireta de CSS. Este corpo hídrico apontou características de alto aporte de sedimentos; e para efeito de possíveis relações entre os parâmetros e a caracterização dos sedimentos suspensos transportados pelo rio, foi determinada a granulometria (Areia Media, Areia Fina, Silte e Argila) das amostras processadas. As interações ocorridas dos parâmetros para determinar indiretamente CSS apresentaram as correlações: (p<0,001); Nefelométrica com (R=0,942) e A400-600 (R=0,959); e as frações granulométricas, por sua vez, apontaram: (%) de Silte (52,6 ± 17,4), além dos valores próximos de distribuição de Argila (15,3 ± 6,73), Areia Fina (15,6 ± 10,83) e Areia Média (16,7 ± 11,84). Nesse contexto, de acordo com os resultados dos resíduos e as correlações, observou-se que A400-600 se comportou de modo mais alusivo em comparação a técnica Nefelométrica nos eventos de seca e cheia, estimando desta forma o Limite de Detecção para CSS (26,47 mg.L-1 e 44,67 mg.L-1) respectivamente

Sensoriamento Remoto e Componentes Limnológicos na Caracterização de Lagoas do Pantanal da Nhecolândia, Mato Grosso do Sul

A limnologia aplicada a pesquisas em áreas inundáveis vem crescendo no Brasil. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa buscou associar dados de sensoriamento remoto e variáveis limnológicas obtidas em campo para distinguir as lagoas no Pantanal da Nhecolândia, região a qual apresenta um sistema lacustre vasto e variado, com lagoas do tipo baías e salinas. Foram coletadas 32 amostras distribuídas em 31 lagoas e um ponto no Rio Negro, ao longo de duas campanhas de campo realizadas em agosto/2012 e setembro/2013, no período de seca do Pantanal. As variáveis estudadas foram: salinidade total (PPT), pH, alcalinidade e dureza. Para a diferenciação das lagoas em baías e salinas, gerouse um banco de dados em ambiente SIG (sistemas de informações geográficas), onde foram associadas as variáveis limnológicas obtidas à imagem do satélite ALOS, sensor AVNIR-2 (IBGE, 2008), na composição falsa-cor R4G2B3. Como resultados, das lagoas amostradas, 20 foram classificadas em baías e 11 em salinas. A utilização das imagens ALOS AVNIR-2 mostraram-se importantes para estudos relacionados à biodiversidade e conservação do Pantanal, por permitirem diferenciar sistemas lacustres no Pantanal e otimizar os trabalhos de campo, que costumam ser dispendiosos em termos de tempo e recursos financeiro

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

Meeting abstrac

A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges

Effects of alirocumab on types of myocardial infarction: insights from the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial

Aims  The third Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction (MI) Task Force classified MIs into five types: Type 1, spontaneous; Type 2, related to oxygen supply/demand imbalance; Type 3, fatal without ascertainment of cardiac biomarkers; Type 4, related to percutaneous coronary intervention; and Type 5, related to coronary artery bypass surgery. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction with statins and proprotein convertase subtilisin–kexin Type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors reduces risk of MI, but less is known about effects on types of MI. ODYSSEY OUTCOMES compared the PCSK9 inhibitor alirocumab with placebo in 18 924 patients with recent acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and elevated LDL-C (≥1.8 mmol/L) despite intensive statin therapy. In a pre-specified analysis, we assessed the effects of alirocumab on types of MI. Methods and results  Median follow-up was 2.8 years. Myocardial infarction types were prospectively adjudicated and classified. Of 1860 total MIs, 1223 (65.8%) were adjudicated as Type 1, 386 (20.8%) as Type 2, and 244 (13.1%) as Type 4. Few events were Type 3 (n = 2) or Type 5 (n = 5). Alirocumab reduced first MIs [hazard ratio (HR) 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.77–0.95; P = 0.003], with reductions in both Type 1 (HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.77–0.99; P = 0.032) and Type 2 (0.77, 0.61–0.97; P = 0.025), but not Type 4 MI. Conclusion  After ACS, alirocumab added to intensive statin therapy favourably impacted on Type 1 and 2 MIs. The data indicate for the first time that a lipid-lowering therapy can attenuate the risk of Type 2 MI. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction below levels achievable with statins is an effective preventive strategy for both MI types.For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehz299</p

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost