Polymerase chain reaction and real-time PCR parameters for amplification of hydrolytic microorganisms and hydrogenotrophic methanogens in anaerobic bioreactor

246-252The objective of the present research is to envisage microbial assorted variety in the reactor through systems of general polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR, which can be further applied for production of methane using anaerobic reactor by employing vegetable waste as a feed. The outcomes proposed the names of species identified with the hydrolytic microorganisms, for example, Bacillus subtilis and hydrogenotrophic methanogenic archaea like i.e. Methano culleus and i.e. Methano corpusculum of the methanogenic microbes. Results demonstrated that, presence of methanogenic archaea in the reactor was confirmed using general PCR

Biodegradation of sulfanilic acid using Bacillus cereus AAA2018 from textile industry effluent contaminated soil

Biodegradation of hazardous aromatic compounds is emerging as a potential tool for reduction of environmental pollution due to their high toxicity and complex synthetic nature. In this study textile effluent was used as a microbial source for aerobic degradation of sulfanilic acid. Two adaptation techniques were followed to maximize uptake of sulfanilic acid, provided as a carbon and nitrogen source. The continuous enrichment and acclimatization media techniques were carried out for 20 days, respectively and both samples were screened for better degradation efficiency. The isolates were found to be similar to the colonies obtained from effluent. Sulfanilic acid degrading organism was identified as Bacillus cereus AAA2018 using 16S rRNA sequencing. Similarly, study was done for fungal strain Aspergillus japonicas. The bacterial strain showed subsequent reduction of sulfanilic acid at minimal salt concentration, whereas A. japonicus showed very little degradation efficiency comparatively. The comparative study of biodegradation capacity of sulfanilic acid was confirmed using GCMS in which product degradation profile of both bacterial and fungal strains included Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and Phenol 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethyethyl) which gives an explanation for decrease in growth of bacterial culture as DMSO act as strong antibacterial agent

Critical review on bioconversion of winery wastes into value-added products

Global increase in the human population and life-style changes have led to enormous development in various industries, including beverage industry. Among the innumerable beverage industries, wineries have received increasing attention and consideration due to various health related benefits and involvement of agricultural materials. Winery industry produces huge quantities of waste materials in the form of solid and liquid wastes. Disposal of these residues (wastes) in the environement is a serious concern and has attracted increasing R&D efforts for their utilization in sustainable manner. Several existing treatments available for winery wastes not environmental-friendly and are even expensive. Usually, combined or hydrid treatment methods have been advocated to achieve the complete utilization of these wastes and among these, bio-based treatment processes have been in much focus for attaining environmental suutaibility in particular. Accordinglt, this review mainly focuses on the application of biorefinery concept for sustainable winery waste management as it is expected that such bioprocesses would be of great impliactions for bioeconomy with furture developments. The review also highlights the advanced techniques for the bioconversion of winery wastes and articulates the major associated challenges

Biochemical conversion of biodiesel by-product into malic acid: A way towards sustainability

Crude glycerol, one of the ever-growing by-product of biodiesel industry and is receiving the closest review in recent times because direct disposal of crude glycerol may emerge ecological issues. The renewability, bioavailability and typical structure of glycerol, therefore, discover conceivable application in serving the role of carbon and energy source for microbial biosynthesis of high value products. This conceivable arrangement could find exploitation of crude glycerol as a renewable building block for bio-refineries as it is economically as well as environmentally profitable. In this review, we summarize the uptake and catabolism of crude glycerol by different wild and recombinant microorganism. The chemical and biochemical transformation of crude glycerol into high esteem malic acid by various microbial pathways is also additionally discussed. An extensive investigation in the synthesis of high-value malic acid production from various feed stock which finds applications in cosmeceutical and chemical industries, food and beverages, and to some extent in the field of medical science is also likewise studied. Finally, the open doors for unrefined crude glycerol in serving as a promising abundant energy source for malic acid production in near future have been highlighted. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved