Percepção sobre a importância da formação profissional por treinadores de judô de elite

This paper aims to report what is the importance elite judo coaches give to vocational training, in order to plain, prescript and control the training process. The paper is using a qualitative approach, and can be classified as a multiple case study. Eight judo coaches have been intentionally selected to take part of the research. Interviews have been performed with the coaches in two different moments: the first part was structured and the second part was semi structured. This study sample was composed by young coaches (37.4±3.8 years), who have already conquer expressive results in their carriers. They all have physical education degrees, while six of them are post-graduated (four specialists and two masters). We could observe that, for this group, the vocational training has always been of essential importance in their carriers as sportive coaches

A practical evaluation of smartphone application on mesh networks

This paper presents a mesh architecture proposal\ud called Mobile mEsh Network to Aid in CountEring\ud drug TRAffiCKing (M.E.N.A.C.E-TRACK). This project was\ud born from the hypothesis we could establish a covert network\ud channel independent of the cell phone companies infrastructures.\ud Therefore, law enforcement agencies could establish\ud connection with field personnel, in a fault tolerant fashion\ud allowing the transmission of multimedia data (instead of only\ud voice). The main contribution for this paper is the strategies\ud involved to configure smartphones on the MANET side of\ud this system. We present the main difficulties and one possible\ud solution to implement ad hoc mode on our testbed so we can\ud enable a MANET organization on M.E.N.A.C.E-TRACK.FAPEG (número edital 006/2012

Estudo da composição físico-química e o rendimento do filé da dourada (Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii – CASTELNAU, 1855) comercializada em feiras do município de Macapá, estado do Amapá

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo o rendimento do filé e a composição físico-química da dourada (Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii) comercializada na cidade de Macapá. Foram utilizadas as normas e metodologias propostas pelo Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Diário Oficial da União, EMBRAPA e ANVISA. Foi possível obter os valores de umidade, proteínas, lipídeos e cinzas; os rendimentos de filés foram calculados conforme o proposto por Burkert et al. (2008). Os peixes foram coletados em 3 feiras localizadas em diferentes pontos dentro da cidade de Macapá: Feira do Buritizal (00001’27,54”N 51004’38,13”O), do Perpétuo Socorro (00002’58,30”N 51002’53,87”O) e do Novo Horizonte (00005’34,03”N 51003’00,50”O), foram adquiridos 30 espécimes de dourada. Os peixes foram divididos em 3 classes de pesos a partir das quais foi possível obter os valores médios de rendimentos, o rendimento de filé variou de 47,40% a 48,46% e dos subprodutos variaram de 51,54% a 52,60% não havendo diferença significativa. Quanto a composição físico-química, os valores de umidade variaram de 75,62% a 76,34%, as proteínas de 17,91% a 23,69% da composição corporal, as cinzas de 0,88% a 0,95% e os lipídeos de 1,40% a 1,99% da constituição bromatológica. O rendimento de filé e a composição físico-química são constantes entre os pesos estudados; o peso total e comprimento total da dourada permitem estimar o peso de filé; nesse sentido o filé da dourada demonstra grande potencial para ser explorado na indústria pesqueira. A dourada comercializada nas feiras de Macapá pode ser considerada um peixe magro e de alto valor nutricional, principalmente em relação à proteína

Tracheoesophageal fistula associated with paracoccidioidomicosis

Paracoccidioidomycosis is a systemic fungal disease caused byParacoccidioides brasiliensis, agent geographically distributed to certainareas of Central and South America. The infection by P. brasiliensis hasbeen reported from north Mexico to south Argentina. Paracoccidioidomycosispresents similar clinical findings of many other diseases whatever in acute or chronic scenarios. Chronic pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis is frequentlymisdiagnosed as malignancy or tuberculosis. The authors present a caseof a 57 year-old man admitted to the hospital due to a chronic consumptivesyndrome. He underwent anti-tuberculous treatment with rifampin, isoniazid andpyrazinamide 1 year ago without resolution of the simptoms. During the clinicalinvestigation, pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis with tracheoesophagealfistula was diagnosed. The systemic infection was treated with deoxicolate Bamphotericin followed by sulfametoxazole and trimetoprin due to acute renalfunction impairment. The fistula was endoscopically treated; inittialy with theprotection of left main bronchus with a tracheal prosthesis followed by theesophageal fistula’s ostium clipping.A paracoccidioidomicose é uma micose sistêmica causada peloParacoccidioides brasiliensis, que é encontrado em regiões da América doSul e Central, com casos relatados do norte do México ao sul da Argentina.As infecções causadas pelo P. brasiliensis frequentemente mimetizam outrasdoenças. A paracoccidioidomicose pulmonar crônica é frequentementeconfundida com neoplasia ou tuberculose. Os autores apresentam o casode um homem de 57 anos internado com quadro de tosse crônica, fraqueza,disfagia, mal estar e síndrome consumptiva. Fora submetido a tratamentopara tuberculose com rifampicina, pirazinamida e isoniazida há 1 ano semmelhora dos sintomas. Durante a investigação clínica foi diagnosticadaparacoccidioidomicose pulmonar com fistula traqueo-esofágica. A infecção foitratada com anfotericina B deoxicolato e posteriormente com sulfametoxazole trimetoprim devido a desenvolvimento de insuficiência renal aguda. A fístulafoi tratada endoscopicamente com implante de prótese traqueal para protegero brônquio esquerdo, seguido de clipagem do óstio esofágico da fístula

Associação prevalência e fatores de risco entre obesidade e câncer de mama

In Brazil and worldwide, an increase in breast cancer rates every year, so obese individuals have a risk of 1.5 to 3.5 more likely to develop cancer and obesity is also a risk factor for other cancers. . This article aims to analyze the association, prevalence and risk factors between obesity and breast cancer. This is an integrative literature review conducted through the databases of the Virtual Health Library (VHL), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS). After selecting twenty articles, only seven were part of the final sample. According to the results obtained, in the association between breast cancer and obesity, it was found in most studies that these are directly interconnected, which present pre-obesity and general obesity among women with breast cancer. Such results are closely linked to women undergoing postmenopausal treatment. Regarding prevalence, it is high among the population studied, risk factors indicate sedentary lifestyle, low physical activity and low knowledge about its benefits. The present study is limited to the association prevalence and risk factors between obesity and breast cancer. Given the above is evident the importance of studies such as these, since they contribute directly to scholars in the area, as well as to the literature.En Brasil y en todo el mundo, un aumento en las tasas de cáncer de mama cada año, por lo que las personas obesas tienen un riesgo de 1.5 a 3.5 más probabilidades de desarrollar cáncer y la obesidad también es un factor de riesgo para otros tipos de cáncer. . Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la asociación, la prevalencia y los factores de riesgo entre la obesidad y el cáncer de mama. Esta es una revisión bibliográfica integradora realizada a través de las bases de datos de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), la Biblioteca Electrónica en Línea Científica (SCIELO) y la Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS). Después de seleccionar veinte artículos, solo siete formaron parte de la muestra final. Según los resultados obtenidos, en la asociación entre el cáncer de mama y la obesidad, se encontró en la mayoría de los estudios que estos están directamente interconectados, lo que presenta pre-obesidad y obesidad general entre las mujeres con cáncer de mama. Dichos resultados están estrechamente relacionados con las mujeres sometidas a tratamiento posmenopáusico. En cuanto a la prevalencia, es alta entre la población estudiada, los factores de riesgo indican un estilo de vida sedentario, baja actividad física y poco conocimiento sobre sus beneficios. El presente estudio se limita a la asociación entre prevalencia y factores de riesgo entre obesidad y cáncer de seno. Dado lo anterior es evidente la importancia de estudios como estos, ya que contribuyen directamente a los académicos en el área, así como a la literatura. No Brasil e no mundo a um aumento dos índice de câncer de mama a cada ano, logo os indivíduos obesos possuem um risco de 1,5 a 3,5 mais chances de desenvolver um câncer e a obesidade também é fator de risco para outros canceres. O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a associação, prevalência e fatores de risco entre obesidade e câncer de mama. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura realizada através dos bancos de dados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências em Saúde (LILACS). Após a seleção de vinte artigos, apenas sete fizeram parte da amostra final. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, na associação entre câncer de mama e obesidade, constatou-se na maioria dos estudos que estes estão diretamente interligados, os quais apresentam pré-obesidade e obesidade geral entre as mulheres com câncer de mama. Tais resultados estão intimamente ligados a mulheres em tratamento na pós-menopausa. Em relação à prevalência, esta se encontra alta entre a população estudada, os fatores de risco apontam o sedentarismo, a baixa realização de atividades físicas e o baixo conhecimento acerca dos benefícios da mesma. O presente estudo limita-se a associação prevalência e fatores de risco entre obesidade e câncer de mama. Diante do exposto fica evidente a importância de estudos como estes, desde que contribuem diretamente para os estudiosos da área, bem como para a literatura

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

Diretriz da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia sobre Diagnóstico e Tratamento de Pacientes com Cardiomiopatia da Doença de Chagas

This guideline aimed to update the concepts and formulate the standards of conduct and scientific evidence that support them, regarding the diagnosis and treatment of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, with special emphasis on the rationality base that supported it.&nbsp; Chagas disease in the 21st century maintains an epidemiological pattern of endemicity in 21 Latin American countries. Researchers and managers from endemic and non-endemic countries point to the need to adopt comprehensive public health policies to effectively control the interhuman transmission of T. cruzi infection, and to obtain an optimized level of care for already infected individuals, focusing on diagnostic and therapeutic opportunistic opportunities. &nbsp; Pathogenic and pathophysiological mechanisms of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease were revisited after in-depth updating and the notion that necrosis and fibrosis are stimulated by tissue parasitic persistence and adverse immune reaction, as fundamental mechanisms, assisted by autonomic and microvascular disorders, was well established. Some of them have recently formed potential targets of therapies.&nbsp; The natural history of the acute and chronic phases was reviewed, with enhancement for oral transmission, indeterminate form and chronic syndromes. Recent meta-analyses of observational studies have estimated the risk of evolution from acute and indeterminate forms and mortality after chronic cardiomyopathy. Therapeutic approaches applicable to individuals with Indeterminate form of Chagas disease were specifically addressed. All methods to detect structural and/or functional alterations with various cardiac imaging techniques were also reviewed, with recommendations for use in various clinical scenarios. Mortality risk stratification based on the Rassi score, with recent studies of its application, was complemented by methods that detect myocardial fibrosis.&nbsp; The current methodology for etiological diagnosis and the consequent implications of trypanonomic treatment deserved a comprehensive and in-depth approach. Also the treatment of patients at risk or with heart failure, arrhythmias and thromboembolic events, based on pharmacological and complementary resources, received special attention. Additional chapters supported the conducts applicable to several special contexts, including t. cruzi/HIV co-infection, risk during surgeries, in pregnant women, in the reactivation of infection after heart transplantation, and others.&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; Finally, two chapters of great social significance, addressing the structuring of specialized services to care for individuals with the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, and reviewing the concepts of severe heart disease and its medical-labor implications completed this guideline.Esta diretriz teve como objetivo principal atualizar os conceitos e formular as normas de conduta e evidências científicas que as suportam, quanto ao diagnóstico e tratamento da CDC, com especial ênfase na base de racionalidade que a embasou. A DC no século XXI mantém padrão epidemiológico de endemicidade em 21 países da América Latina. Investigadores e gestores de países endêmicos e não endêmicos indigitam a necessidade de se adotarem políticas abrangentes, de saúde pública, para controle eficaz da transmissão inter-humanos da infecção pelo T. cruzi, e obter-se nível otimizado de atendimento aos indivíduos já infectados, com foco em oportunização diagnóstica e terapêutica. Mecanismos patogênicos e fisiopatológicos da CDC foram revisitados após atualização aprofundada e ficou bem consolidada a noção de que necrose e fibrose sejam estimuladas pela persistência parasitária tissular e reação imune adversa, como mecanismos fundamentais, coadjuvados por distúrbios autonômicos e microvasculares. Alguns deles recentemente constituíram alvos potenciais de terapêuticas. A história natural das fases aguda e crônica foi revista, com realce para a transmissão oral, a forma indeterminada e as síndromes crônicas. Metanálises recentes de estudos observacionais estimaram o risco de evolução a partir das formas aguda e indeterminada e de mortalidade após instalação da cardiomiopatia crônica. Condutas terapêuticas aplicáveis aos indivíduos com a FIDC foram abordadas especificamente. Todos os métodos para detectar alterações estruturais e/ou funcionais com variadas técnicas de imageamento cardíaco também foram revisados, com recomendações de uso nos vários cenários clínicos. Estratificação de risco de mortalidade fundamentada no escore de Rassi, com estudos recentes de sua aplicação, foi complementada por métodos que detectam fibrose miocárdica. A metodologia atual para diagnóstico etiológico e as consequentes implicações do tratamento tripanossomicida mereceram enfoque abrangente e aprofundado. Também o tratamento de pacientes em risco ou com insuficiência cardíaca, arritmias e eventos tromboembólicos, baseado em recursos farmacológicos e complementares, recebeu especial atenção. Capítulos suplementares subsidiaram as condutas aplicáveis a diversos contextos especiais, entre eles o da co-infecção por T. cruzi/HIV, risco durante cirurgias, em grávidas, na reativação da infecção após transplante cardíacos, e outros.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Por fim, dois capítulos de grande significado social, abordando a estruturação de serviços especializados para atendimento aos indivíduos com a CDC, e revisando os conceitos de cardiopatia grave e suas implicações médico-trabalhistas completaram esta diretriz.&nbsp

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others