Taxonomy based on science is necessary for global conservation

Peer reviewe

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Uporaba svetovnega spleta v prizadevanjih za mir v novi komunikacijski ureditvi

UNESCO\u27s MacBride report attributes to communication a substantial role in matters of democratisation and peace and, thus, provides a firm foundation on which to build toward a better understanding of media as a resource for enriching democratic culture to resist war. Accordingly, this paper works at the intersection of media and messages to advance the argument that democraticpeace-building communication is usefully thought of as a tactic, or set of re-humanizing tactics, of dissent exercised by citizens operating in media saturated settings to resist the dehumanizing caricatures propagated by war propaganda. The notion of web-watching as a creative use of alternative media to locate incipient peace-building metaphors is examined and briefly illustrated with reference to an emergent image of secular bomber as homeland defender.Poročilo MacBridove komisije pripisuje komuniciranju bistveno vlogo v prizadevanjih za demokratizacijo in mir in torej prestavlja trden temelj boljšega razumevanja medijev kot vira demokratične kulture za nasprotovanje vojni. Članek obravnava presečišče med mediji in sporočili in dokazuje, da lahko produktivno mislimo demokratično mirovno komuniciranje kot taktiko ali množico taktik nasprotovanja, ki ga izražajo državljani v medijsko nasičenih okoljih kot odpor zoper razčlovečenim karikaturam, ki jih propagira vojna propaganda. Ideja uporabe svetovnega spleta kot kreativne uporabe alternativnih medijev, da bi locirali začetna prizadevanja za mir, je obravnavana na primeru podobe posvetnega samomorilskega bombaša kot branilca domovine

Premagati urok vojne: demokratični obeti mirovnega novinarstva

This essay examines and extends peace journalism\u27s critique of mainstream news media in order to articulate a model of an enriched news narrative resistant to war propaganda and consistent with democratic praxis. It discusses the potential of political myth to delimit demonising projections that otherwise debilitate democratic deliberation and suggests that news media would advance democratic culture by enhancing the public archive on which deliberative practices depend. Critical attention is focused on two factors that reduce the democratic potential of news narratives: (1) the persistent omission of key information and (2) a chronic imbalance in interpretive frames. Whether or not professional conventions and market considerations render corporate media incapable of correcting truncated and unbalanced news narratives, the capacity of the public archive to support democratic deliberation corresponds to the knowledge and perspective it accrues to curtail alienating projections. We must ask, then, if democracyćs deliberative prospect can be realised short of correcting the shortcomings of news media.Ta članek proučuje in razširja kritiko mirovnega novinarstva v dominantnih novičarskih medijih, da bi zasnoval model obogatenega novičarskega poročanja, odpornega zoper vojno propaganda in skladnega z demokratično prakso. Obravnava potencial političnega mita, da bi omejil demonizirajoče nastavke, ki bi sicer oslabile demokratično razpravo, in predlaga, da bi mediji spodbujali demokratično kulturo s krepitvijo javnega arhiva, od katerega so odvisne deliberativne prakse. Kritična pozornost je usmerjena na dva dejavnika, ki zmanjšujeta demokratični potencial novičarskega poročanja: (1) trdovratno opuščanje ključnih informacij in (2) kronično neravnotežje razlagalnih okvirjev. Ne glede na to, ali strokovne konvencije in tržni premisleki onemogočajo korporativnim medijem, da bi popravili okrnjene in neuravnotežene novičarske pripovedi, sposobnost javnega arhiva v podporo demokratični razpravi ustreza znanju in perspektivi, ki ga prispeva za zmanjšanje potujevalnih projekcij. Vprašati se moramo torej, ali se lahko deliberativni obet demokracije lahko uresniči brez popravila pomanjkljivosti medijev

Finessing the demonology of war

This essay examines peace-building communication in an adversarial world by pursuing an unlikely comparison between the crisis-managing discourse of President Kennedy and Chairman Khrushchev in 1962 and the prophetic Christian voice of Jim Wallis\u27 antiwar dissent since 9/11. It draws from these cases the rudimentary form of a humanising aesthetic, in which political actors - whether resisting the demonology of war as decision makers or dissenters - devise the discursive equivalent of a stereoscopic gaze out of the language of position and vision. This rhetorical exercise in reflexive perspective taking facilitates the perception of a strategic interdependency between antagonists, confounds the projection of evil, and circumvents rituals of redemptive violence.Članek obravnava komuniciranje za mir v svetu nasprotnikov s primerjavo diskurza reševanja krize predsednikov Kennedyja in Hruščova leta 1962 ter preroškega krščanskega glasu protivojnega odpadništva Jima Wallisa po 11. septembru. Iz teh primerov izpeljuje začetno obliko humanizirajoče estetike, v kateri politični akterji - z nasprotovanjem demonologiji vojne kot odločevalci ali odpadniki - iz jezika pozicije in vizije oblikujejo diskurzivni enaček stereoskopskemu pogledu. Retorična vaja v postavljanju refleksivne perspektive olajšuje percepcijo strateške soodvisnosti nasprotnikov, razveljavlja projekcijo zla in preprečuje rituale odrešilnega nasilja

Uvod k demokratičnemu odpadništvu v Ameriki

Članek obravnava odpadništvo, ki je v navideznem nasprotju z demokracijo v ZDA v razmerah šibke demokratične kulture in agresivnega izvajanja vojne in terorja. Proučuje ovire demokratičnega odpadništva v ZDA in možne vire za njegovo rehabilitacijo ter predlaga preliminarno skico teoretskega in kulturnega temelja odpora nadaljnji militarizaciji globalne politike. Z idejo,da je demokracija odpadništvo in da je demokratično odpadništvo retorična kritika, članek dokazuje, da bi jezikovne kritike, ki proizvajajo prepričljive redeskripcije in simbolno stapljanje, lahko sedanjo politično kulturo reartikulirale kot odpadništvo.This essay considers the problematic of dissent being rendered oxymoronic with democracy in the United States under conditions of a weak democratic culture and an aggressive prosecution of the war on terror. It examines obstacles to democratic dissent in the U.S. and potential resources for rehabilitating it, sketching a preliminary map of the theoretical and cultural ground to be covered in a resistance to the further militarization of global politics. Suggesting that democracy is dissent, and democratic dissent is rhetorical critique, the essay argues that extant political culture might be rearticulated to dissent by language critiques that produce persuasive re-descriptions and symbolic merging