A ordem internacional em transformação: uma análise em três dimensões

This article aims to analyze the changes in international order and its relation to the expansion of the meaning of internationalization, taking three dimensions into account: the vertical dimension of international relations (interstate); the relation between State and civil society; and the dynamics of the productive process.O presente artigo visa a analisar as transformações na ordem internacional e sua relação com a ampliação do sentido da internacionalização, tomando por base três dimensões: a dimensão vertical das relações internacionais (interestatal); a relação entre Estado e sociedade civil; e a dinâmica do processo produtivo

As negociações comerciais do Brasil: uma estratégia em três trilhos

This paper aims to understand Brazilian trade negotiations strategy in the last decades, which has combined priority to trade multilateralism with preferential trade negotiations with different scopes and timings with countries inside and outside South America.Este artigo busca compreender a estratégia de negociações comerciais do Brasil nas últimas décadas, a qual combinou a prioridade ao multilateralismo comercial, com o estabelecimento de negociações de acordos preferenciais de comércio com escopos e tempos distintos com países da América do Sul e de fora dela

A ADMINISTRAÇÃO POLÍTICA DO COMÉRCIO INTERNACIONAL: DO LIVRE COMÉRCIO AO COMÉRCIO ESTRATÉGICO ADMINISTRADO

Partindo da análise econômica e adotando como instrumental teórico-analítico a gestão das relações sociais de produção, realização e distribuição dentro do capitalismo, ou seja, a Administração Política, o presente artigo visa analisar as principais abordagens teóricas que tratam o comércio internacional, identificando de forma aprofundada seus  fundamentos e interligações “evolutivas”, além dos pontos de divergência entre elas. Apresenta-se, num primeiro momento, a abordagem liberal-tradicional (clássica e neoclássica), seguida das análises ligadas à teoria crítica do comércio estratégico de Friedrich List e Raúl Prebisch. A evolução da teoria nos deixa claro que, não obstante as divergências teóricas existentes, desde os mercantilistas, passando pelos liberais,  protecionistas e estrategistas, a administração dessas relações sociais está na base da construção de um projeto nacional, que continua demonstrando as assimetria de poderes e a preocupação com a reprodução do sistema capitalista.Palavras-chave: Administração política; Comércio internacional; Economia internaciona

Os BRICS na OMC : políticas comerciais comparadas de Brasil, Rússia, Índia, China e África do Sul

É permitida a reprodução deste texto e dos dados nele contidos, desde que citada a fonte. Reproduções para fins comerciais são proibidas.Inclui bibliografias

Proinflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Periodontal Disease

Objective. To evaluate the involvement of proinflammatory and oxidative stress markers in gingival tissue in individuals with chronic periodontitis. Subject and methods. Eighteen subjects were divided in two groups: experimental (age 52.9±5.0) and control (age 51.1±9.6). The activities of enzymatic antioxidants such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase, nonenzymatic antioxidants: total glutathione and reduced glutathione, oxidized glutathione (GSSG), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) were evaluated in gingival tissues from interproximal sites. Statistical differences between groups were determined by independent Student t test and P<.05. Results. Individuals with periodontal disease exhibited a significant increase in the activities of MPO, GPx, GST, and also in TBARS and GSSG levels in gingival tissue compared to the control group (P<.05). Conclusion. The results of the present work showed an important correlation between oxidative stress biomarkers and periodontal disease

Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences

The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & Nemésio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; Nemésio 2009a–b; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009; Cianferoni & Bartolozzi 2016; Amorim et al. 2016). This question was again raised in a letter supported by 35 signatories published in the journal Nature (Pape et al. 2016) on 15 September 2016. On 25 September 2016, the following rebuttal (strictly limited to 300 words as per the editorial rules of Nature) was submitted to Nature, which on 18 October 2016 refused to publish it. As we think this problem is a very important one for zoological taxonomy, this text is published here exactly as submitted to Nature, followed by the list of the 493 taxonomists and collection-based researchers who signed it in the short time span from 20 September to 6 October 2016

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

A agenda agrícola no sistema multilateral do comércio em perspectiva histórica - doi:10.5102/uri.v8i1.935

This work brings a historical analysis of the agriculture negotiations in the multilateral trading system from a Brazilian perspective, focusing on its importance to the economic developmente of developing countries. From an evolutionary perspective, the international context in which the multilateral trading system was created is presented in order to understand the power interaction that has led to the marginalization of agricultural themes in the GATT. Furthermore, the logics of conflict and negotiation about agricultural trade between developing countries are analyzed. At last, an analysis of the Doha Round of trade talks and its challenges and opportunities to the developing countries is presented, taking into account the importance of agricultural trade negotiations to the whole process.O trabalho traça uma análise histórica das negociações sobre agricultura no sistema multilateral de comércio desde o GATT/1947 até a presente rodada da OMC numa perspectiva brasileira. A partir de uma perspectiva analítico-evolutiva, e com base fundamentalmente em referencial brasileiro, faz-se uma apresentação do contexto internacional no qual o sistema multilateral foi gerado e identifica-se as interações entre o mesmo a não inserção da temática agrícola dentro das regras multilaterais no pós-Segunda Guerra. Ademais, uma análise das lógicas de conflitos e negociação entre os países em desenvolvimento e aqueles desenvolvidos é apresentada no sentido de se observar a interação entre o comércio internacional agrícola e o desenvolvimento econômico. Por fim, são feitas considerações sobre a atual rodada de negociações multilaterais, a Rodada Doha, e a sua relevância na ótica dos países em desenvolvimento, tomando-se em conta as negociações agrícolas, as quais são o centro do processo negociador multilateral