Modeling, sensor design, and performance predictions for gas filter correlation radiometers.

Abstract Not Provide

3 years of liraglutide versus placebo for type 2 diabetes risk reduction and weight management in individuals with prediabetes: a randomised, double-blind trial

Background: Liraglutide 3·0 mg was shown to reduce bodyweight and improve glucose metabolism after the 56-week period of this trial, one of four trials in the SCALE programme. In the 3-year assessment of the SCALE Obesity and Prediabetes trial we aimed to evaluate the proportion of individuals with prediabetes who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Methods: In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, adults with prediabetes and a body-mass index of at least 30 kg/m2, or at least 27 kg/m2 with comorbidities, were randomised 2:1, using a telephone or web-based system, to once-daily subcutaneous liraglutide 3·0 mg or matched placebo, as an adjunct to a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity. Time to diabetes onset by 160 weeks was the primary outcome, evaluated in all randomised treated individuals with at least one post-baseline assessment. The trial was conducted at 191 clinical research sites in 27 countries and is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01272219. Findings: The study ran between June 1, 2011, and March 2, 2015. We randomly assigned 2254 patients to receive liraglutide (n=1505) or placebo (n=749). 1128 (50%) participants completed the study up to week 160, after withdrawal of 714 (47%) participants in the liraglutide group and 412 (55%) participants in the placebo group. By week 160, 26 (2%) of 1472 individuals in the liraglutide group versus 46 (6%) of 738 in the placebo group were diagnosed with diabetes while on treatment. The mean time from randomisation to diagnosis was 99 (SD 47) weeks for the 26 individuals in the liraglutide group versus 87 (47) weeks for the 46 individuals in the placebo group. Taking the different diagnosis frequencies between the treatment groups into account, the time to onset of diabetes over 160 weeks among all randomised individuals was 2·7 times longer with liraglutide than with placebo (95% CI 1·9 to 3·9, p<0·0001), corresponding with a hazard ratio of 0·21 (95% CI 0·13–0·34). Liraglutide induced greater weight loss than placebo at week 160 (–6·1 [SD 7·3] vs −1·9% [6·3]; estimated treatment difference −4·3%, 95% CI −4·9 to −3·7, p<0·0001). Serious adverse events were reported by 227 (15%) of 1501 randomised treated individuals in the liraglutide group versus 96 (13%) of 747 individuals in the placebo group. Interpretation: In this trial, we provide results for 3 years of treatment, with the limitation that withdrawn individuals were not followed up after discontinuation. Liraglutide 3·0 mg might provide health benefits in terms of reduced risk of diabetes in individuals with obesity and prediabetes. Funding: Novo Nordisk, Denmark

Impact of Light Soaking on p‐ Type Boron‐ and Indium‐Doped Passivated Emitter and Rear Solar Cells on Czochralski‐Grown Silicon

10.1002/solr.201900027Solar RRL361900027-190002

Progress in n-PERT rear-emitter solar cells via cost-effective industrial pathways @ SERIS

14th SNEC Scientific Conferenc

Low-Cost Intervention to Increase Influenza Vaccination Rate at a Comprehensive Cancer Center

Influenza morbidity and mortality can be severe and costly. Vaccination rates remain suboptimal in cancer patients due to provider- and patient-related factors. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether low-cost provider- and patient-focused interventions would increase influenza vaccination rates at the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center (UMCCC). This quality improvement project included all patients without documentation of influenza vaccination prior to their first outpatient appointment during the 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 influenza seasons. The multi-stepped intervention included provider and patient reminders. Influenza vaccination rates were compiled using CPT-4 codes. Same-day (with appointment) vaccination rates during the intervention seasons were compared to historical (2005-2011 seasons) controls; vaccination rates were also compared to contemporary control population at the University of Michigan Health System (UMHS). Reasons for non-adherence with vaccination were explored. The cumulative same-day vaccination rate in eligible adults was 10.1 % (2011-2012) and 9.4 % (2012-2013) compared to an average 6.9 % during influenza seasons 2005-2011. Based on logistic regression analysis, there was a 37.6 % (95 % CI 35-40.3 %) and 56.1 % (95 % CI 40.9-73 %) relative increase in the adult vaccination rate associated with the intervention, with 399 and 697 additional vaccinations, respectively, for each season. During the 2012-2013 season, the UMCCC adult vaccination rate was higher compared to the remainder of that of the UMHS. The intervention was well accepted by providers. Reasons for no vaccination were provider- and patient-related. Increasing provider and patient awareness with a simple, inexpensive intervention was associated with higher influenza vaccination rates at a large academic cancer center. The intervention is permanently implemented during influenza seasons