Manuel Gutiérrez-Rodríguez (1923-2009):A cytohistochemist from Cadiz

3 pages.-- Obituary.February 23, 2009 was the sad date on which Dr. Manuel Gutierrez Rodriguez passed away in his hometown of Cadiz, Spain. He was a scientist with a background of excellent, untiring research work; equally important, he was admired and warmly loved by his fellow colleagues as well as by many students at the Medical School and the Science School of the University of Cadiz, who over the years received and were influenced by his teaching.Peer reviewe

Un caso práctico para la gestión del desarrollo agropecuario en municipios rurales de México

Una de las múltiples formas en que se atiende la pobreza en México es a través de la definición y diseño de estrategias de desarrollo enfocadas a mejorar las condiciones de vida de la población rural de escasos recursos económicos y déficit de bienestar social, actuando desde el municipio como articulador del desarrollo.Un texto detonante de preguntas y respuestas sobre la gestión del desarrollo rural y agropecuario desde la esfera municipal, en un esquema de gobernanza sugerente y efectivo, que retoma la experiencia de organizaciones civiles en los años recientes bajo el concepto y caso práctico de Municipio Ganador.Alternativas para el Desarrollo Rura

High-pressure study of ScVO4 by Raman scattering and ab initio calculations

We report results of experimental and theoretical lattice-dynamics studies on scandium orthovanadate up to 35 GPa. Raman-active modes of the low-pressure zircon phase are measured up to 8.2 GPa, where the onset of an irreversible zircon-to-scheelite phase transition is detected. Raman-active modes in the scheelite structure are observed up to 16.5 GPa. Beyond 18.2 GPa we detected a gradual splitting of the Eg modes of the scheelite phase, indicating the onset of a second phase transition. Raman symmetries, frequencies, and pressure coefficients in the three phases of ScVO4 are discussed in the light of ab initio lattice-dynamics calculations that support the experimental results. The results on all the three phases of ScVO4 are compared with those previously reported for related orthovanadates.We acknowledge the financial support of the Spanish MCYT under Grants No. MAT2007-65990-C03-01/03, No. MAT2010-21270-C04-01/03/04, and No. CSD2007-00045, and the computation time provided by the Red Espanola de Supercomputacion and the supercomputer Atlante. F.J.M. acknowledges also financial support from "Vicerrectorado de Innovacion y Desarrollo de la UPV" (No. PAID-05-2009 through Project No. UPV2010-0096). Some of the authors are members of the MALTA Consolider Team.Panchal, V.; Manjón Herrera, FJ.; Errandonea, D.; Rodriguez-Hernandez, P.; López-Solano, J.; Muñoz, A.; Achary, S.... (2011). High-pressure study of ScVO4 by Raman scattering and ab initio calculations. Physical Review B. 83(6):641111-1-64111-10. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.83.064111S641111-164111-10836Shafi, S. P., Kotyk, M. W., Cranswick, L. M. D., Michaelis, V. K., Kroeker, S., & Bieringer, M. (2009). In Situ Powder X-ray Diffraction, Synthesis, and Magnetic Properties of the Defect Zircon Structure ScVO4−x. Inorganic Chemistry, 48(22), 10553-10559. doi:10.1021/ic900927jMullica, D. F., Sappenfield, E. L., Abraham, M. M., Chakoumakos, B. C., & Boatner, L. A. (1996). Structural investigations of several LnVO4 compounds. Inorganica Chimica Acta, 248(1), 85-88. doi:10.1016/0020-1693(95)04971-1Errandonea, D., & Manjón, F. J. (2008). Pressure effects on the structural and electronic properties of ABX4 scintillating crystals. Progress in Materials Science, 53(4), 711-773. doi:10.1016/j.pmatsci.2008.02.001Aldred, A. T. (1984). Cell volumes of APO4, AVO4, and ANbO4 compounds, where A = Sc, Y, La–Lu. Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, 40(6), 569-574. doi:10.1107/s0108768184002718Errandonea, D., Lacomba-Perales, R., Ruiz-Fuertes, J., Segura, A., Achary, S. N., & Tyagi, A. K. (2009). High-pressure structural investigation of several zircon-type orthovanadates. Physical Review B, 79(18). doi:10.1103/physrevb.79.184104López-Solano, J., Rodríguez-Hernández, P., & Muñoz, A. (2009). Ab initiostudy of high-pressure structural properties of the LuVO4and ScVO4zircon-type orthovanadates. High Pressure Research, 29(4), 582-586. doi:10.1080/08957950903417444Manjón, F. J., Rodríguez-Hernández, P., Muñoz, A., Romero, A. H., Errandonea, D., & Syassen, K. (2010). Lattice dynamics ofYVO4at high pressures. Physical Review B, 81(7). doi:10.1103/physrevb.81.075202Wang, X., Loa, I., Syassen, K., Hanfland, M., & Ferrand, B. (2004). Structural properties of the zircon- and scheelite-type phases ofYVO4at high pressure. Physical Review B, 70(6). doi:10.1103/physrevb.70.064109Klotz, S., Chervin, J.-C., Munsch, P., & Le Marchand, G. (2009). Hydrostatic limits of 11 pressure transmitting media. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 42(7), 075413. doi:10.1088/0022-3727/42/7/075413Errandonea, D., Meng, Y., Somayazulu, M., & Häusermann, D. (2005). Pressure-induced transition in titanium metal: a systematic study of the effects of uniaxial stress. Physica B: Condensed Matter, 355(1-4), 116-125. doi:10.1016/j.physb.2004.10.030Mao, H. K., Xu, J., & Bell, P. M. (1986). Calibration of the ruby pressure gauge to 800 kbar under quasi-hydrostatic conditions. Journal of Geophysical Research, 91(B5), 4673. doi:10.1029/jb091ib05p04673Kresse, G., & Furthmüller, J. (1996). Efficient iterative schemes forab initiototal-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set. Physical Review B, 54(16), 11169-11186. doi:10.1103/physrevb.54.11169Kresse, G., & Joubert, D. (1999). From ultrasoft pseudopotentials to the projector augmented-wave method. Physical Review B, 59(3), 1758-1775. doi:10.1103/physrevb.59.1758Blöchl, P. E. (1994). Projector augmented-wave method. Physical Review B, 50(24), 17953-17979. doi:10.1103/physrevb.50.17953Perdew, J. P., Burke, K., & Ernzerhof, M. (1996). Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple. Physical Review Letters, 77(18), 3865-3868. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.77.3865Mujica, A., Rubio, A., Muñoz, A., & Needs, R. J. (2003). High-pressure phases of group-IV, III–V, and II–VI compounds. Reviews of Modern Physics, 75(3), 863-912. doi:10.1103/revmodphys.75.863Guedes, I., Hirano, Y., Grimsditch, M., Wakabayashi, N., Loong, C.-K., & Boatner, L. A. (2001). Raman study of phonon modes in ErVO4 single crystals. Journal of Applied Physics, 90(4), 1843-1846. doi:10.1063/1.1384858Garg, A. B., Rao, R., Sakuntala, T., Wani, B. N., & Vijayakumar, V. (2009). Phase stability of YbVO4 under pressure: In situ x-ray and Raman spectroscopic investigations. Journal of Applied Physics, 106(6), 063513. doi:10.1063/1.3223327Santos, C. C., Silva, E. N., Ayala, A. P., Guedes, I., Pizani, P. S., Loong, C.-K., & Boatner, L. A. (2007). Raman investigations of rare earth orthovanadates. Journal of Applied Physics, 101(5), 053511. doi:10.1063/1.2437676Zhang, F. X., Wang, J. W., Lang, M., Zhang, J. 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(2008). Bond-switching mechanism for the zircon-scheelite phase transition. Physical Review B, 78(9). doi:10.1103/physrevb.78.094109Flórez, M., Contreras-García, J., Recio, J. M., & Marqués, M. (2009). Quantum-mechanical calculations of zircon to scheelite transition pathways inZrSiO4. Physical Review B, 79(10). doi:10.1103/physrevb.79.104101Rousseau, D. L., Bauman, R. P., & Porto, S. P. S. (1981). Normal mode determination in crystals. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 10(1), 253-290. doi:10.1002/jrs.1250100152Mittal, R., Garg, A. B., Vijayakumar, V., Achary, S. N., Tyagi, A. K., Godwal, B. K., … Chaplot, S. L. (2008). Investigation of the phase stability of LuVO4at high pressure using powder x-ray diffraction measurements and lattice dynamical calculations. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, 20(7), 075223. doi:10.1088/0953-8984/20/7/075223Manjón, F. J., Errandonea, D., Garro, N., Pellicer-Porres, J., Rodríguez-Hernández, P., Radescu, S., … Muñoz, A. (2006). Lattice dynamics study of scheelite tungstates under high pressure I.BaWO4. Physical Review B, 74(14). doi:10.1103/physrevb.74.144111Manjon, F. J., Errandonea, D., Garro, N., Pellicer-Porres, J., López-Solano, J., Rodríguez-Hernández, P., … Muñoz, A. (2006). Lattice dynamics study of scheelite tungstates under high pressure II.PbWO4. Physical Review B, 74(14). doi:10.1103/physrevb.74.144112Panchal, V., Garg, N., & Sharma, S. M. (2006). Raman and x-ray diffraction investigations on BaMoO4under high pressures. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, 18(16), 3917-3929. doi:10.1088/0953-8984/18/16/002Hardcastle, F. D., & Wachs, I. E. (1991). Determination of vanadium-oxygen bond distances and bond orders by Raman spectroscopy. The Journal of Physical Chemistry, 95(13), 5031-5041. doi:10.1021/j100166a025Brown, I. D., & Wu, K. K. (1976). Empirical parameters for calculating cation–oxygen bond valences. Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry, 32(7), 1957-1959. doi:10.1107/s0567740876006869Lacomba-Perales, R., Martinez-García, D., Errandonea, D., Le Godec, Y., Philippe, J., Le Marchand, G., … López-Solano, J. (2010). Experimental and theoretical investigation of the stability of the monoclinicBaWO4-II phase at high pressure and high temperature. Physical Review B, 81(14). doi:10.1103/physrevb.81.144117Tschauner, O., Errandonea, D., & Serghiou, G. (2006). Possible superlattice formation in high-temperature treated carbonaceous MgB2 at elevated pressure. Physica B: Condensed Matter, 371(1), 88-94. doi:10.1016/j.physb.2005.09.042Errandonea, D., Kumar, R. S., Ma, X., & Tu, C. (2008). High-pressure X-ray diffraction study of SrMoO4 and pressure-induced structural changes. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 181(2), 355-364. doi:10.1016/j.jssc.2007.12.010Errandonea, D., Santamaria-Perez, D., Grover, V., Achary, S. N., & Tyagi, A. K. (2010). High-pressure x-ray diffraction study of bulk and nanocrystalline PbMoO4. Journal of Applied Physics, 108(7), 073518. doi:10.1063/1.3493048Errandonea, D., Santamaria-Perez, D., Bondarenko, T., & Khyzhun, O. (2010). New high-pressure phase of HfTiO4 and ZrTiO4 ceramics. Materials Research Bulletin, 45(11), 1732-1735. doi:10.1016/j.materresbull.2010.06.061Marqués, M., Flórez, M., Recio, J. M., Gerward, L., & Olsen, J. S. (2006). Structure and stability ofZrSiO4under hydrostatic pressure. Physical Review B, 74(1). doi:10.1103/physrevb.74.014104Lacomba-Perales, R., Errandonea, D., Meng, Y., & Bettinelli, M. (2010). High-pressure stability and compressibility ofAPO4(A=La, Nd, Eu, Gd, Er, and Y) orthophosphates: An x-ray diffraction study using synchrotron radiation. Physical Review B, 81(6). doi:10.1103/physrevb.81.064113Long, Y. W., Zhang, W. W., Yang, L. X., Yu, Y., Yu, R. C., Ding, S., … Jin, C. Q. (2005). Pressure-induced structural phase transition in CaCrO4: Evidence from Raman scattering studies. Applied Physics Letters, 87(18), 181901. doi:10.1063/1.2117624Long, Y. W., Yang, L. X., Yu, Y., Li, F. Y., Yu, R. C., Ding, S., … Jin, C. Q. (2006). High-pressure Raman scattering and structural phase transition inYCrO4. Physical Review B, 74(5). doi:10.1103/physrevb.74.054110Errandonea, D., Kumar, R. S., Gracia, L., Beltrán, A., Achary, S. N., & Tyagi, A. K. (2009). Experimental and theoretical investigation ofThGeO4at high pressure. Physical Review B, 80(9). doi:10.1103/physrevb.80.094101Gracia, L., Beltrán, A., & Errandonea, D. (2009). Characterization of theTiSiO4structure and its pressure-induced phase transformations: Density functional theory study. Physical Review B, 80(9). doi:10.1103/physrevb.80.094105Errandonea, D. (2007). Landau theory applied to phase transitions in calcium orthotungstate and isostructural compounds. 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Análisis de la influencia de la tensión en el comportamiento dinámico de membranas delgadas tipo film

El estudio teórico del comportamiento dinámico de membranas delgadas ha sido ampliamente estudiado a lo largo del tiempo, existiendo dos casos extremos, el caso de no estar sujeta a cargas (caso de placa) y el caso de estar sometida a cargas (caso de membrana). Para estos dos comportamientos extremos existen soluciones analíticas reconocidas y contrastadas. En este trabajo se propone el uso de Elementos Finitos para determinar el comportamiento dinámico de una membrana sometida a distintos niveles de tensión, y cuya respuesta no corresponde puramente ni a la respuesta de placa ni a la de membrana. Se aportan resultados de la respuesta de casos teóricos para distintas geometrías y/o materiales de membranas sometidas a distintos niveles de tensión, utilizando el método de Elementos Finitos.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Lightning Impulse Current Tests on Conductive Fabrics

Submitted to "Journal of Industrial Textiles"The large amount of electric current associated to lightning discharges is hazardous for living beings, equipment, structures and buildings. To protect those targets against lightning are used Lightning Protection Systems (LPS). However, there are some temporary outdoor activities and backcountry places where an adequate LPS cannot be set up mainly due to the large dimensions of its components and its heavy weight. On the search of light weight lightning protection materials that can be used as part of special LPS, we research some types of electroconductive fabrics by applying high lightning impulse currents in laboratory. The fabric samples checked were pieces of 10 cm x 10 cm: two rip-stop type, a plain-weave, a non-woven and a carbon-impregnated polymeric, all of them obtained commercially. Under laboratory conditions, these samples were subject to subsequent lightning impulse currents registering the voltage and current signals. Optical and scanning electron microscope inspections were performed after tests. Despite some changes visualized as marks left on the fabric surface, the results show that investigated conductive textiles can endure ground currents produced by atmospheric lightning since they withstand the several applied laboratory lightning impulse currents. The outcomes suggest that the weave pattern of the conductive fabric influences the lightning current tolerance, enabling some conductive fabrics to be used in heavy-current applications and as part of personal LPS for outdoor, backcountry and mobile shelters, particularly when lightweight and portability are mandatory

A food web approach reveals the vulnerability of biocontrol services by birds and bats to landscape modification at regional scale

Pest control services provided by naturally occurring species (the so-called biocontrol services) are widely recognized to provide key incentives for biodiversity conservation. This is particularly relevant for vertebrate-mediated biocontrol services as many vertebrate species are of conservation concern, with most of their decline associated to landscape modification for agricultural purposes. Yet, we still lack rigorous approaches evaluating landscape-level correlates of biocontrol potential by vertebrates over broad spatial extents to better inform land-use and management decisions. We performed a spatially-explicit interaction-based assessment of potential biocontrol services in Portugal, using 1853 pairwise trophic interactions between 78 flying vertebrate species (birds and bats) and 53 insect pests associated to two widespread and economically valuable crops in the Euro-Mediterranean region, olive groves (Olea europaea subsp. europaea) and vineyards (Vitis vinifera subsp. vinifera). The study area was framed using 1004 square cells, each 10 × 10 km in size. Potential biocontrol services were determined at all those 10 × 10 km grid-cells in which each crop was present as the proportion of the realized out of all potential pairwise interactions between vertebrates and pests. Landscape correlates of biocontrol potential were also explored. Our work suggests that both birds and bats can effectively provide biocontrol services in olive groves and vineyards as they prey many insect pest species associated to both crops. Moreover, it demonstrates that these potential services are impacted by landscape-scale features and that this impact is consistent when evaluated over broad spatial extents. Thus, biocontrol potential by vertebrates significantly increases with increasing amount of natural area, while decreases with increasing area devoted to target crops, particularly olive groves. Overall, our study highlights the suitability of our interaction-based approach to perform spatially-explicit assessments of potential biocontrol services by vertebrates at local spatial scales and suggest its utility for integrating biodiversity and ecosystem services in conservation planning over broad spatial extents.This work was supported by the projects ECOLIVES (PTDC/AAG-REC/6480/2014) and OLEAdapt (PTDC/ BIA-CBI/1365/2020) both funded by the Portuguese National Public Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation, and the project SHOWCASE (ref. 862480) funded by the Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme from the European Union. and the project NORTE 01-0246-FEDER-000063, funded by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE2020),under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) JMH and FM were supported, respectively, by the contracts IF/00001/2015 and IF/01053/2015 funded by the FCT. JRP was supported by ‘la Caixa’ and ‘Caja Navarra’ Foundations, under agreement LCF/PR/PR13/51080004 in the framework of UPNA’s ‘Captación de Talento’ program. BS, GJ-N, SV and RM were supported, respectively, by the PhD studentships SFRH/BD/137803/2018, SFRH/BD/133017/2017, SFRH/BD/121388/2016 and SFRH/BD/99746/2014 funded by the FCT

Monitoring Lipase/Esterase Activity by Stopped Flow in a Sequential Injection Analysis System Using p-Nitrophenyl Butyrate

Lipases and esterases are biocatalysts used at the laboratory and industrial level.To obtain the maximum yield in a bioprocess, it is important to measure key variables, such as enzymatic activity. The conventional method for monitoring hydrolytic activity is to take out a sample from the bioreactor to be analyzed off-line at the laboratory. The disadvantage of this approach is the long time required to recover the information from the process, hindering the possibility to develop control systems. New strategies to monitor lipase/esterase activity are necessary. In this context and in the first approach, we proposed a lab-made sequential injection analysis system to analyze off-line samples from shake flasks. Lipase/esterase activity was determined using p-nitrophenyl butyrate as the substrate. The sequential injection analysis allowed us to measure the hydrolytic activity from a sample without dilution in a linear range from 0.05-1.60 U/mL, with the capability to reach sample dilutions up to 1000 times, a sampling frequency of five samples/h, with a kinetic reaction of 5 min and a relative standard deviation of 8.75%. The results are promising to monitor lipase/esterase activity in real time, in which optimization and control strategies can be designed

miRNA profiling during antigen-dependent T cell activation: A role for miR-132-3p

microRNAs (miRNAs) are tightly regulated during T lymphocyte activation to enable the establishment of precise immune responses. Here, we analyzed the changes of the miRNA profiles of T cells in response to activation by cognate interaction with dendritic cells. We also studied mRNA targets common to miRNAs regulated in T cell activation. pik3r1 gene, which encodes the regulatory subunits of PI3K p50, p55 and p85, was identified as target of miRNAs upregulated after T cell activation. Using 3'UTR luciferase reporter-based and biochemical assays, we showed the inhibitory relationship between miR-132-3p upregulation and expression of the pik3r1 gene. Our results indicate that specific miRNAs whose expression is modulated during T cell activation might regulate PI3K signaling in T cells.We thank Miguel Vicente-Manzanares for help with English editing and Almudena R. Ramiro for helpful discussions. We appreciate help from Gloria Martinez del Hoyo on DCs experiments set up. We also thank the CNIC Genomics, Bioinformatics and Cellomics Units for technical support. This work was supported by grants SAF2014-55579R from Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad-Spain, ERC-2011-AdG 294340-GENTRIS, CIBER CARDIOVASCULAR (FEDER and Instituto de Salud Carlos III), PIE-13-00041 and INDISNET S2011-BMD-2332 (F.S.M.). The Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC, Spain) is supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad-Spain and the Pro-CNIC Foundation.S