Los títeres, el juego simbólico y la relación de ambos a través de una propuesta didáctica con sombras

En el presente trabajo se diseña una propuesta basada en la importancia del títere como recurso pedagógico y la relación del mismo con el juego simbólico. Además, se pone en práctica utilizando el teatro de sombras, una técnica motivadora para el alumnado y que cuenta con una amplitud de posibilidades para adquirir diferentes tipos de aprendizajes. La propuesta didáctica ha sido llevada a cabo con alumnos y alumnas del tercer curso de Educación Infantil, en el CEIP Atalaya situado en Palazuelos de Eresma, municipio de la provincia de Segovia. Con esta propuesta se observan resultados enriquecedores para el alumnado relacionados mayoritariamente con la exteriorización de sentimientos e ideas y con el conocimiento y uso del propio cuerpo, dando especial importancia a la expresión corporal a través de técnicas y recursos artísticos.Grado en Educación Infanti

Niveles de cortisol y estilo de vida en estudiantes universitarios sanos de México y España

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue identificar si los estudiantes universitarios sanos de Zaragoza, España y Guadalajara, México tienen diferencias en los niveles de cortisol salival y si estas diferencias se pueden atribuir al estilo de vida diferente conformado con base en las prácticas socioculturales del grupo de referencia. Se tomaron muestras salivales y se aplicó el Cuestionario de Hábitos de Vida a 160 estudiantes universitarios. Los resultados mostraron niveles superiores significativamente en cortisol salival de los estudiantes mexicanos con respecto de los estudiantes españoles. Igualmente, se encontraron diferencias significativas en horas de sueño, hora del despertar y consumo de alcohol, pero que no eran capaces de dar cuenta de las diferencias en los niveles de cortisol, salvo en un pequeño porcentaje y en el caso de los estudiantes españoles. Se considera que es necesario seguir investigando otras variables que puedan dar cuenta de estas diferencias socioculturales para diseñar programas educativos que promuevan la salud y prevengan enfermedades. The aim of the study was to analyze if samples of universitary students of México and Spain had different levels of salivary cortisol and if these differences can be an attribution of their life style conformed because of the sociocultural practices of the reference group. 160 universitary students was choosen and they respond the Life-habits Scale and putted a sample of their saliva to analyze the level of cortisol. The results showed that mexican students had higher levels of cortisol than spanish students and this ones had more hours of sleep, they wake up later and drink more alcohol. We found differences too on the hours that they drive on heavy traffic and the level of physical activity. The mexicans drove more and have less activity. These cultural differences in habits could be the cause of differences in cortisol levels in a small percentage in the case of Spanish students. It will be necessary to evaluate the life habits of life and consider the sociocultural characteristics in the design of educational programs directed to promote health and to prevent illness.ITESO, A.C.Universidad de Zaragoz

EVALUATION OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF MACROALGAE COLLECTED FROM BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR, MEXICO

Objective: This study aimed to establish the anti-inflammatory potential of macroalgae from Baja California Sur, Mexico. Methods: The anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts from 10 macroalgae species was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Dichloromethane, ethanolic, and aqueous extracts were obtained from each species. The criteria used to determine anti-inflammatory activity included 1) the membrane protection of human red blood cells (HRBCs) against hemolysis induced by hypotonicity, 2) the inhibition of heat-induced protein denaturation (IDP), and 3) the inhibition of mouse ear edema and the myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme. Results: The dichloromethane extracts of Gracilaria vermiculophylla and Opuntiella californica were the most active, both in vitro and in vivo. These extracts resulted in values of HRBC membrane protection above 95%, which were similar to those obtained with diclofenac sodium. And reduce the inflammation with edema inhibition percentage up to 60 % while the control indomethacin was able to inhibit edema by 82.3 %. Conclusion: The bioprospection of several macroalgae species from Bahía de La Paz, Mexico, allowed the identification of two species with promising anti-inflammatory activity. Gracilaria vermiculophylla showed interesting topical anti-inflammatory effects and a profile of compounds (flavonoids and terpenes) that may contribute to the potential biological properties of this seaweed. This study represents the first report of the anti-inflammatory potential of O. californica

DEHP exposure impairs human skeletal muscle cell proliferation in primary culture conditions: preliminary study.

The plasticizer di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) inhibits differentiation, impairs glucose metabolism, and decreases mitochondrial function in murine muscle satellite cells; however, if these effects are translated to human cells is unknown. The goal of this study was to evaluate changes in morphology and proliferation of primary human skeletal muscle cells exposed to DEHP. Rectus abdominis muscle samples were obtained from healthy women undergoing programed cesarean surgery. Skeletal muscle cells were isolated and grown under standard primary culture conditions, generating two independent sample groups of 25 subcultures each. Cells from the first group were exposed to 1 mM DEHP for 13 days and monitored for changes in cell morphology, satellite cell frequency and total cell abundance, while the second group remained untreated (control). Differences between treated and untreated groups were compared using generalized linear mixed models (GLMM). Cell membrane and nuclear envelope boundary alterations, loss of cell volume and presence of stress bodies were observed in DEHP-treated cultures. DEHP-treated cultures also showed a significant reduction in satellite cell frequency compared to controls. Exposure to DEHP reduced human skeletal muscle cell abundance. Statistical differences were found between the GLMM slopes, suggesting that exposure to DEHP reduced growth rate. These results suggest that exposure to DEHP inhibits human skeletal muscle cell proliferation, as evidenced by reduced cell abundance, potentially compromising long-term culture viability. Therefore, DEHP induces human skeletal muscle cell deterioration potentially inducing an inhibitory effect of myogenesis by depleting satellite cells

Invoking Chiral Vector Leptoquark to explain LFU violation in B Decays

LHCb has recently reported more than $2\sigma$ deviation from the Standard Model prediction in the observable $R_{J/\psi}$. We study this anomaly in the framework of a vector leptoquark along with other lepton flavor universality violating measurements which include $R_{K^{(*)}}$, and $R_{D^{(*)}}$. We show that a chiral vector leptoquark can explain all the aforementioned anomalies consistently while also respecting other experimental constraints

Psychometric Reliability to Assess the Perception of Women’s Fulfillment of Maternity Rights

The fulfillment of rights to maternal healthcare is a key factor for the wellbeing of women. However, there is a lack of an instrument to ascertain the experience of women during maternity to enable adequate monitoring. The aim of this study was to validate a new instrument to measure women’s perception of the fulfillment of rights during healthcare in pregnancy and childbirth and immediately postpartum. The initial version of the instrument consists of 50 items and was validated using exploratory factor analysis. Additionally, the final version of the instrument consists of 29 items and was validated by confirmatory factor analysis and known-group validity. The instrument was applied to 185 Spanish women. The global Aiken’s V of the initial instrument proposal was 0.89. The process resulted in an instrument with five factors (information, privacy, consent, support, and participation) that explained the 60% of the total variance. The score of the instrument was correlated with resilience, maternity beliefs, and positive and negative affect. External validation showed relations with age, gravida, and the number of times a woman has been in labor. Additionally, the Cronbach’s α reliability was 0.93 [0.91; 0.94]. In conclusion, the instrument developed is consistent and has appropriate psychometric properties for assessing the fulfillment rights of maternity healthcar

Sistemas de detección de modo isla en inversores conectados a la red eléctrica: análisis del estado del arte

Este artículo presenta un análisis del estado del arte de los diferentes sistemas de detección de modo isla en inversores conectados a la red eléctrica. Los métodos de detección en generadores distribuidos (GD) pueden ser divididos en locales y remotos.Los remotos se basan en un sistema de generación centralizado, ya que son estos los que envían la información (o avisan) para la operación en modo isla. Mientras que en los métodos locales se realiza la detección en los GDs yse pueden dividir en técnicas activas y pasivas.Palabra(s) Clave(s): generación distribuida, micro-red, zona de no detección

The Cost of Male Aggression and Polygyny in California Sea Lions (Zalophus californianus)

In polygynous mating systems, males often increase their fecundity via aggressive defense of mates and/or resources necessary for successful mating. Here we show that both male and female reproductive behavior during the breeding season (June–August) affect female fecundity, a vital rate that is an important determinant of population growth rate and viability. By using 4 years of data on behavior and demography of California sea lions (Zalophus californianus), we found that male behavior and spatial dynamics—aggression and territory size—are significantly related to female fecundity. Higher rates of male aggression and larger territory sizes were associated with lower estimates of female fecundity within the same year. Female aggression was significantly and positively related to fecundity both within the same year as the behavior was measured and in the following year. These results indicate that while male aggression and defense of territories may increase male fecundity, such interactions may cause a reduction in the overall population growth rate by lowering female fecundity. Females may attempt to offset male-related reductions in female fecundity by increasing their own aggression—perhaps to defend pups from incidental injury or mortality. Thus in polygynous mating systems, male aggression may increase male fitness at the cost of female fitness and overall population viability

PDGF-BB serum levels are decreased in adult onset Pompe patients

Adult onset Pompe disease is a genetic disorder characterized by slowly progressive skeletal and respiratory muscle weakness. Symptomatic patients are treated with enzymatic replacement therapy with human recombinant alfa glucosidase. Motor functional tests and spirometry are commonly used to follow patients up. However, a serological biomarker that correlates with the progression of the disease could improve follow-up. We studied serum concentrations of TGFβ, PDGF-BB, PDGF-AA and CTGF growth factors in 37 adult onset Pompe patients and 45 controls. Moreover, all patients performed several muscle function tests, conventional spirometry, and quantitative muscle MRI using 3-point Dixon. We observed a statistically significant change in the serum concentration of each growth factor in patients compared to controls. However, only PDGF-BB levels were able to differentiate between asymptomatic and symptomatic patients, suggesting its potential role in the follow-up of asymptomatic patients. Moreover, our results point to a dysregulation of muscle regeneration as an additional pathomechanism of Pompe disease

Weak Polygyny in California Sea Lions and the Potential for Alternative Mating Tactics

Female aggregation and male territoriality are considered to be hallmarks of polygynous mating systems. The development of genetic parentage assignment has called into question the accuracy of behavioral traits in predicting true mating systems. In this study we use 14 microsatellite markers to explore the mating system of one of the most behaviorally polygynous species, the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus). We sampled a total of 158 female-pup pairs and 99 territorial males across two breeding rookeries (San Jorge and Los Islotes) in the Gulf of California, Mexico. Fathers could be identified for 30% of pups sampled at San Jorge across three breeding seasons and 15% of sampled pups at Los Islotes across two breeding seasons. Analysis of paternal relatedness between the pups for which no fathers were identified (sampled over four breeding seasons at San Jorge and two at Los Islotes) revealed that few pups were likely to share a father. Thirty-one percent of the sampled males on San Jorge and 15% of the sampled males on Los Islotes were assigned at least one paternity. With one exception, no male was identified as the father of more than two pups. Furthermore, at Los Islotes rookery there were significantly fewer pups assigned paternity than expected given the pool of sampled males (p<0.0001). Overall, we found considerably lower variation in male reproductive success than expected in a species that exhibits behavior associated with strongly polygynous mating. Low variation in male reproductive success may result from heightened mobility among receptive females in the Gulf of California, which reduces the ability of males to monopolize groups of females. Our results raise important questions regarding the adaptive role of territoriality and the potential for alternative mating tactics in this species