TRAININGS AND MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT AT TESCO IN SZEGED

One of the most important function of human resource management is doing the human resource planning (HRP). It means that effective HRP should result the right people doing the right things in the right place at precisely the right time. If HR-experts do not able to handle precisely this function a gap arises. The exact name of it is training gap. The essence of training gap that there is a difference between employee’s actual performance and employee’s desire performance. The main aim of training is to eliminate this kind of gap. In this paper I examine one of the multinational firms – this is TESCO in Szeged – how to eliminate the training gaps and how to do human resource development. I survey what kind of trainings and manager development does TESCO have.evaluation of employee performance, retail industry

Kecsketartó gazdaság vizsgálata

A Dunaszigeten 300 anyával működÅ‘ gazdaság eredményességében kulcskérdés a termelési költségek csökkentése, mindenekelÅ‘tt a takarmányozás, az egyéb (áram, tejvizsgálat, bérleti díjak stb.), valamint a munkabérköltségek mérséklése. A bevételi oldalon növekvÅ‘ jelentÅ‘ségű – a kecsketej- és gidaértékesítés mellett – egyre nagyobb arányban a sajtértékesítés. A jövÅ‘t illetÅ‘en a kockázati tényezÅ‘k és a fejlesztési lehetÅ‘ségek számbavétele, a helyi lehetÅ‘ségek hasznosítása, s az egészségre kedvezÅ‘ hatású tej és sajt megismertetése a meghatározó. ------------------------------------ The success of the farm using 300 mother goats depended on the reduction of production costs including especially that of fodder and others (electricity, milk testing, rent, etc) and the moderation of taxes and dues on labour costs. On the income side selling of milk and goat kid apart merchandising goat cheese is increasingly popular. As for the future it is essential to assess the risk factors and local development opportunities and to bring the attention of consumers to the favourable health effects of goat milk and cheese.kecske, termékek, kockázatok, fejlesztések, goat, products, risks, developments, Farm Management, Livestock Production/Industries, Production Economics,

Markov chain analysis of an agent based growth model

In this paper we investigate the asymptotic behavior of a discrete and probabilistic dynamical system which can be described as a growth model where autonomous agents aggregates. The aim of this paper is to give a mathematical analysis of the dynamics. The analysis uses face homogeneous Markov chains and thanks to this study we validate a conjecture set by Laszlo Gulyas and Yuri Mansury concerning a growth model for cities where simulations had shown that the sizes of the cities asymptotically distribute as a Zipf's law. In light of our analysis, we discuss how the emergence of such a Zipf's law could be expected in Gulyas-Mansury' model and in its variants

Validating an agent-based model of the Zipf׳s Law: A discrete Markov-chain approach

AbstractThis study discusses the validation of an agent-based model of emergent city systems with heterogeneous agents. To this end, it proposes a simplified version of the original agent-based model and subjects it to mathematical analysis. The proposed model is transformed into an analytically tractable discrete Markov model, and its city size distribution is examined. Its discrete nature allows the Markov model to be used to validate the algorithms of computational agent-based models. We show that the Markov chains lead to a power-law distribution when the ranges of migration options are randomly distributed across the agent population. We also identify sufficient conditions under which the Markov chains produce the Zipf׳s Law, which has never been done within a discrete framework. The conditions under which our simplified model yields the Zipf׳s Law are in agreement with, and thus validate, the configurations of the original heterogeneous agent-based model

Upoređivanje dužine servis perioda i proizvodnje mleka u laktaciji između krava sa jednim teletom i krava sa blizancima

Introduction. Twin-calving occurs in 3 to 5 % of Holstein Friesian cattle, and it is mostly followed by reproductive and economic problems. This evaluation will compare the service period and the milk yield in cows with single and twin births at a Hungarian large-scale farm. Materials and Methods. The data were collected from 4223 cows between 2000 and 2010. In Cox's regression model (service period) and general linear model (milk production traits), the type of calving (single/twin), the construction code (referring to the Holstein Friesian blood proportion), the season and number of calvings were fixed effects, and furthermore, the year of calving was a covariate. Results and Conclusions. This analysis showed there was no significant difference in the length of service period between the two groups of cows. The total lactation milk yield produced a meaningful difference in performance: single-calving cows had greater milk yield (p=0.013), fat yield (p=0.030), and protein yield (p=0.028) than cows with twins. The milk yield was significantly greater in single than in twinning cows, even when single-calving cows had low milk production levels. This unexpected and contradictory result could be explained by the much longer period of open days in twinning cows, known from previous research Regarding milk yield, an involuntary decrease for cows after twin calving was confirmed.Uvod. Blizanački graviditet kod krava holštajnfrizijske rase se javlja u 3-5% slučajeva i uglavnom je praćen reproduktivnim poremećajima i ekonomskim gubicima. Ispitivanja u ovom radu se odnose na evaluaciju i upoređivanje servis perioda i prinosa mleka kod grupe krava sa jednim teletom i grupe krava sa blizancima, na komercijalnim farmama u Mađarskoj. Materijal i metode. Podaci su sakupljani u periodu od 2000 do 2010. godine od ukupno 4223 krava. U Coxovom regresionom modelu (za servis period) i generalnom linearnom modelu (osobine proizvodnje mleka) tip teljenja (jedno tele ili blizanci), kao i sezona i broj teljenja su bili fksni efekti, dok je godina teljenja bila kovarijat. Rezultati i zaključak. Analizom dužine servis perioda nije ustanovljena signifkantna razlika između ispitanih grupa krava. Količina ukupno proizvedenog mleka u laktaciji je pokazala značajne razlike između krava sa jednim teletom i dva teleta, u korist krava sa jednim teletom: prinos mleka (p=0.013), količina mlečne masti (p=0.030) i proteina (p=0.028). Neželjeni pad u prinosu mleka je zabeležen kod krava sa bližnjenjima. Mlečnost je bila značajno veća kod krava sa jednim teletom čak i u slučajevima kada su one imale relativno nisku mlečnost. Ovi oprečni rezultati bi se mogli objasniti činjenicom da su krave koje su se bliznile imale mnogo veći broj otvorenih dana, kao što je to opisano u brojnim predhodnim ispitivanjima

Doubly Differential Electron-Emission Spectra in Single and Multiple Ionization of Noble-Gas Atoms by Fast Highly-Charged-Ion Impact

Low-energy electron emission spectra are studied in collisions of 3.6 MeV/amu Au53+ ions with neon and argon atoms for well-defined degrees of target ionization. We calculate doubly differential cross sections as functions of the recoil-ion charge state in the continuum-distorted-wave with eikonal initial-state approximation using a binomial analysis of the total and differential ionization probabilities, and compare them with the present and with previously published experimental data. Very good agreement is found for the single-ionization spectra and for double ionization of neon, while some discrepancies are observed in the spectra for double and triple ionization of argon

Small extracellular vesicles convey the stress-induced adaptive responses of melanoma cells

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), playing a crucial role in the intercellular communication in physiological as well as pathological processes. Here, we aimed to study whether the melanoma-derived sEV-mediated communication could adapt to microenvironmental stresses. We compared B16F1 cell-derived sEVs released under normal and stress conditions, including cytostatic, heat and oxidative stress. The miRNome and proteome showed substantial differences across the sEV groups and bioinformatics analysis of the obtained data by the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis also revealed significant functional differences. The in silico predicted functional alterations of sEVs were validated by in vitro assays. For instance, melanoma-derived sEVs elicited by oxidative stress increased Ki-67 expression of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs); cytostatic stress-resulted sEVs facilitated melanoma cell migration; all sEV groups supported microtissue generation of MSC-B16F1 co-cultures in a 3D tumour matrix model. Based on this study, we concluded that (i) molecular patterns of tumour-derived sEVs, dictated by the microenvironmental conditions, resulted in specific response patterns in the recipient cells; (ii) in silico analyses could be useful tools to predict different stress responses; (iii) alteration of the sEV-mediated communication of tumour cells might be a therapy-induced host response, with a potential influence on treatment efficacy.Peer reviewe

Gene expression analysis indicates CB1 receptor upregulation in the hippocampus and neurotoxic effects in the frontal cortex 3 weeks after single-dose MDMA administration in Dark Agouti rats.

BACKGROUND: 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy") is a widely used recreational drug known to impair cognitive functions on the long-run. Both hippocampal and frontal cortical regions have well established roles in behavior, memory formation and other cognitive tasks and damage of these regions is associated with altered behavior and cognitive functions, impairments frequently described in heavy MDMA users. The aim of this study was to examine the hippocampus, frontal cortex and dorsal raphe of Dark Agouti rats with gene expression arrays (Illumina RatRef bead arrays) looking for possible mechanisms and new candidates contributing to the effects of a single dose of MDMA (15 mg/kg) 3 weeks earlier. RESULTS: The number of differentially expressed genes in the hippocampus, frontal cortex and the dorsal raphe were 481, 155, and 15, respectively. Gene set enrichment analysis of the microarray data revealed reduced expression of 'memory' and 'cognition', 'dendrite development' and 'regulation of synaptic plasticity' gene sets in the hippocampus, parallel to the upregulation of the CB1 cannabinoid- and Epha4, Epha5, Epha6 ephrin receptors. Downregulated gene sets in the frontal cortex were related to protein synthesis, chromatin organization, transmembrane transport processes, while 'dendrite development', 'regulation of synaptic plasticity' and 'positive regulation of synapse assembly' gene sets were upregulated. Changes in the dorsal raphe region were mild and in most cases not significant. CONCLUSION: The present data raise the possibility of new synapse formation/synaptic reorganization in the frontal cortex three weeks after a single neurotoxic dose of MDMA. In contrast, a prolonged depression of new neurite formation in the hippocampus is suggested by the data, which underlines the particular vulnerability of this brain region after the drug treatment. Finally, our results also suggest the substantial contribution of CB1 receptor and endocannabinoid mediated pathways in the hippocampal impairments. Taken together the present study provides evidence for the participation of new molecular candidates in the long-term effects of MDMA

Why Are Outcomes Different for Registry Patients Enrolled Prospectively and Retrospectively? Insights from the Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF).

Background: Retrospective and prospective observational studies are designed to reflect real-world evidence on clinical practice, but can yield conflicting results. The GARFIELD-AF Registry includes both methods of enrolment and allows analysis of differences in patient characteristics and outcomes that may result. Methods and Results: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and ≥1 risk factor for stroke at diagnosis of AF were recruited either retrospectively (n = 5069) or prospectively (n = 5501) from 19 countries and then followed prospectively. The retrospectively enrolled cohort comprised patients with established AF (for a least 6, and up to 24 months before enrolment), who were identified retrospectively (and baseline and partial follow-up data were collected from the emedical records) and then followed prospectively between 0-18 months (such that the total time of follow-up was 24 months; data collection Dec-2009 and Oct-2010). In the prospectively enrolled cohort, patients with newly diagnosed AF (≤6 weeks after diagnosis) were recruited between Mar-2010 and Oct-2011 and were followed for 24 months after enrolment. Differences between the cohorts were observed in clinical characteristics, including type of AF, stroke prevention strategies, and event rates. More patients in the retrospectively identified cohort received vitamin K antagonists (62.1% vs. 53.2%) and fewer received non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (1.8% vs . 4.2%). All-cause mortality rates per 100 person-years during the prospective follow-up (starting the first study visit up to 1 year) were significantly lower in the retrospective than prospectively identified cohort (3.04 [95% CI 2.51 to 3.67] vs . 4.05 [95% CI 3.53 to 4.63]; p = 0.016). Conclusions: Interpretations of data from registries that aim to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of patients with AF must take account of differences in registry design and the impact of recall bias and survivorship bias that is incurred with retrospective enrolment. Clinical Trial Registration: - URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier for GARFIELD-AF (NCT01090362)

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362