250 research outputs found
Consumers' food choice and quality perception.
There is a long tradition of research into consumersâ food choice and quality perception. In the last few years, however, these topics have received even more attention due to the intense debate about such issues as ethical considerations in relation to food production and quality, food scandals and the resulting food scares among consumers, genetic modification of foods, and animal welfare (or, rather, non-welfare), which has made questions regarding food quality and consumersâ supposedly rational or irrational food choices even more urgent. In-creased interest in health and quality stands in stark contrast to a perceived unwillingness to pay the higher prices this implies, and scepticism about industrial food production stands in contrast to busy lifestyles and a resulting demand for convenience. However, while the topics of food quality perception and choice have certainly become more complex, research has also provided new insights into them. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of research carried out on consumersâ food quality perception and choice at the MAPP Centre during the last 10 years, and is part of a major research project at FĂždevareĂžkonomisk Institut (FĂI). In this project, the paper will serve as input on quality per-cep-tion from a consumer point of view. The results presented in the paper will give insights into how consumers perceive food quality and why they choose the food products they do, and may thus help in understanding the complicated concept of food quality. Although the starting point of the paper is in research carried out at the MAPP Centre, it will also include results from other sources where needed for a more thorough discussion of a specific topic. The criteria for including additional material are relevance to the topic in question and the extent to which the topic has been researched at MAPP. As a general framework for ana-lysing consumer quality perception and choice of food products, MAPP has developed the Total Food Quality Model, which will be used to structure this overview. We start by presenting the Total Food Quality Model and an overview of the research methods involved. We then describe the various elements of the model in more detail, based on four major quality dimensions â health, taste, process characteristics, convenience.Consumers; quality perception
ACS exams as an example of scholarship-based assessment in a discipline
The Examinations Institute of the American Chemical Society has been producing norm-referenced exams for over 75 years and these efforts are reviewed here. The process by which exam-writing committees produce these exams involves both the setting of the content and trial testing of items prior to establishing the released exam. Beyond this process, the Institute has engaged in research based on data derived from various tests
Accuracy of a magnetic resonance imagingâbased 3D printed stereotactic brain biopsy device in dogs
Background:
Brain biopsy of intracranial lesions is often necessary to determine specific therapy. The cost of the currently used stereotactic rigid frame and optical tracking systems for brain biopsy in dogs is often prohibitive or accuracy is not sufficient for all types of lesion.
Objectives:
To evaluate the application accuracy of an inexpensive magnetic resonance imagingâbased personalized, 3D printed brain biopsy device.
Animals:
Twentyâtwo dog heads from cadavers were separated into 2 groups according to body weight (20âkg).
Methods:
Experimental study. Two target points in each cadaver head were used (target point 1: caudate nucleus, target point 2: piriform lobe). Comparison between groups was performed using the independent Student'sât test or the nonparametric MannâWhitney U Test.
Results:
The total median target point deviation was 0.83âmm (range 0.09â2.76âmm). The separate median target point deviations for target points 1 and 2 in all dogs were 0.57âmm (range: 0.09â1.25âmm) and 0.85âmm (range: 0.14â2.76âmm), respectively.
Conclusion and Clinical Importance:
This magnetic resonance imagingâbased 3D printed stereotactic brain biopsy device achieved an application accuracy that was better than the accuracy of most brain biopsy systems that are currently used in veterinary medicine. The device can be applied to every size and shape of skull and allows precise positioning of brain biopsy needles in dogs
Udviklingen pÄ afsÊtningsmarkederne for dansk svinekÞd.
Danmark er verdens niende stÞrste producent af svinekÞd. Ca. 85% af den danske produktion afsÊttes i udlandet fordelt pÄ ganske fÄ hovedmarkeder. I Europa er de primÊre aftagere Tyskland, Storbritanien, Frankrig, Italien, mens Japan er det vigtigste marked uden for Europa, efterfulgt af Rusland, USA og Sydkorea. I denne rapport analyseres udviklingen pÄ hjemmemarkedet og i de nÊvnte eksportmarkeder for dansk svinekÞd ud fra et vÊrdiperspektiv, og der identificeres markedskrav og trends af betydning for den danske svinesektors muligheder for at fastholde og styrke sin position pÄ de primÊre afsÊtingsmarkeder fremover.SvinekÞd; produktion; Danmark; afsÊtning; eksportmarkeder
Case Report: Clinical Use of a Patient-Individual Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Stereotactic Navigation Device for Brain Biopsies in Three Dogs
Three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques for patient-individual medicine has found its
way into veterinary neurosurgery. Because of the high accuracy of 3D printed specific
neurosurgical navigation devices, it seems to be a safe and reliable option to use patient-
individual constructions for sampling brain tissue. Due to the complexity and vulnerability
of the brain a particularly precise and safe procedure is required. In a recent cadaver
study a better accuracy for the 3D printed MRI-based patient individual stereotactic
brain biopsy device for dogs is determined compared to the accuracies of other biopsy
systems which are currently used in veterinary medicine. This case report describes
the clinical use of this 3D printed MRI-based patient individual brain biopsy device for
brain sampling in three dogs. The system was characterized by a simple handling.
Furthermore, it was an effective and reliable tool to gain diagnostic brain biopsy samples
in dogs with no significant side effects
Accuracy of a magnetic resonance imaging-based 3D printed stereotactic brain biopsy device in dogs
Background
Brain biopsy of intracranial lesions is often necessary to determine specific therapy. The cost of the currently used stereotactic rigid frame and optical tracking systems for brain biopsy in dogs is often prohibitive or accuracy is not sufficient for all types of lesion.
Objectives
To evaluate the application accuracy of an inexpensive magnetic resonance imaging-based personalized, 3D printed brain biopsy device.
Animals
Twenty-two dog heads from cadavers were separated into 2 groups according to body weight (20âkg).
Methods
Experimental study. Two target points in each cadaver head were used (target point 1: caudate nucleus, target point 2: piriform lobe). Comparison between groups was performed using the independent Student'sât test or the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U Test.
Results
The total median target point deviation was 0.83âmm (range 0.09-2.76âmm). The separate median target point deviations for target points 1 and 2 in all dogs were 0.57âmm (range: 0.09-1.25âmm) and 0.85âmm (range: 0.14-2.76âmm), respectively.
Conclusion and Clinical Importance
This magnetic resonance imaging-based 3D printed stereotactic brain biopsy device achieved an application accuracy that was better than the accuracy of most brain biopsy systems that are currently used in veterinary medicine. The device can be applied to every size and shape of skull and allows precise positioning of brain biopsy needles in dogs
Carcinoembryonic Antigen Gene Family
The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) gene family belongs to the immunoglobulin supergene family and can be divided into two main subgroups based on sequence comparisons. In humans it is clustered on the long arm of chromosome 19 and consists of approximately 20 genes. The CEA subgroup genes code for CEA and its classical crossreacting antigens, which are mainly membrane-bound, whereas the other subgroup genes encode the pregnancy-specific glycoproteins (PSG), which are secreted. Splice variants of individual genes and differential post-translational modifications of the resulting proteins, e.g., by glycosylation, indicate a high complexity in the number of putative CEA-related molecules. So far, only a limited number of CEA-related antigens in humans have been unequivocally assigned to a specific gene. Rodent CEA-related genes reveal a high sequence divergence and, in part, a completely different domain organization than the human CEA gene family, making it difficult to determine individual gene counterparts. However, rodent CEA-related genes can be assigned to human subgroups based on similarity of expression patterns, which is characteristic for the subgroups. Various functions have been determined for members of the CEA subgroup in vitro, including cell adhesion, bacterial binding, an accessory role for collagen binding or ecto-ATPases activity. Based on all that is known so far on its biology, the clinical outlook for the CEA family has been reassessed
- âŠ