Estrogen receptor transcription and transactivation: Basic aspects of estrogen action

Estrogen signaling has turned out to be much more complex and exciting than previously thought; the paradigm shift in our understanding of estrogen action came in 1996, when the presence of a new estrogen receptor (ER), ERβ, was reported. An intricate interplay between the classical ERα and the novel ERβ is of paramount importance for the final biological effect of estrogen in different target cells

Molecular mechanisms of cell death: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death 2018.

Over the past decade, the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death (NCCD) has formulated guidelines for the definition and interpretation of cell death from morphological, biochemical, and functional perspectives. Since the field continues to expand and novel mechanisms that orchestrate multiple cell death pathways are unveiled, we propose an updated classification of cell death subroutines focusing on mechanistic and essential (as opposed to correlative and dispensable) aspects of the process. As we provide molecularly oriented definitions of terms including intrinsic apoptosis, extrinsic apoptosis, mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT)-driven necrosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, parthanatos, entotic cell death, NETotic cell death, lysosome-dependent cell death, autophagy-dependent cell death, immunogenic cell death, cellular senescence, and mitotic catastrophe, we discuss the utility of neologisms that refer to highly specialized instances of these processes. The mission of the NCCD is to provide a widely accepted nomenclature on cell death in support of the continued development of the field

Discovery of novel transcriptional and epigenetic targets in APL by global ChIP analyses: emerging opportunity and challenge

Identifying transcriptional program(s) deregulated by oncoproteins is key to understanding the molecular basis of the disease. In this issue of Cancer Cell, two studies by Martens et al. and Wang et al. provide global blueprints for transcriptional targets and epigenetic modifications mediated by PML-RARα in acute promyelocytic leukemia

Study of Osteointegration of a Titanium Prosthesis to the Stapes: Observations on an Accidentally Extracted Stapes

Sudhoff H, Lindner N, Gronemeyer J, Dazert S, Hildmann H. Study of Osteointegration of a Titanium Prosthesis to the Stapes: Observations on an Accidentally Extracted Stapes. Otology & Neurotology. 2005;26(4):583-586

Mutants of o6-alkylguanine-dna alkyltransferase

The invention relates to AGT mutants showing, when compared to the wild type human AGT, two or more advantageous properties selected from (a) reduced DNA interaction (b) localisation of the expressed protein in eukaryotic cells that is no longer restricted to the nucleus (c) improved expression yield as soluble protein and improved stability in various hosts (d) improved stability under oxidising conditions (e) improved stability within cells after reaction with a substrate (f) improved stability outside cells before and after reaction with a substrate (g) improved in vitro solubility (h) improved reactivity against 0-alkylguanine substrates (1) reduced reactivity against DNA-based substrates and (j) reduced reactivity against N-substituted 0-alkylguanine substrates. Such AGT mutants with the mentioned improved properties are mutants wherein between 1 and 25 amino acids of the wild type human AGT are substituted by other amino acids, and optionally I to 5 amino acids out of the continuous chain at one, two or three positions are deleted or added and/or 1 to 4 amino acids at the N-terminus or 1 to 40 amino acids at the C-terminus are deleted. The invention further relates to a method for detecting and/or manipulating a protein of interest wherein the protein of interest is incorporated into a fusion protein with the AGT mutants of the invention. Another object of the invention are AGT fusion proteins comprising such AGT mutants and the protein of interest