Expérience vécue des fratries mineures d'un enfant atteint du syndrome de Down: une revue de littérature

Les naissances d'enfants atteints du syndrome de Down en Suisse ont doublé en 10 ans. Dans la majorité des cas, ces enfants grandissent au sein de leur famille et bousculent la dynamique familiale. La fratrie est également touchée par le handicap de l’enfant concerné, mais sa souffrance est souvent peu prise en compte. Le but de cette revue de littérature est d’établir un état des connaissances sur le sujet donné afin de mieux comprendre l'expérience vécue des frères et soeurs mineurs d'un enfant atteint du syndrome de Down en vue d'offrir à ces fratries un accompagnement relationnel infirmier adéquat dans différents milieux de soins

Enantioselective Formation of Amino Acids by Isomerization of Mixed Ligand Copper(ll) Schiff-Base Complexes

The formation of optically active phenylalanine from phenylpyruvic acid and pyridoxamine in the presence of various chiral CuII complexes was investigated as a function of the reaction conditions. The enantioselectivity of the reaction, as well as the pH- and ligand-dependant racemization of the product, is discussed in terms of possible reaction pathways and the most likely structure of intermediate [Cu(L)aldimine] complexes

Can we continue research in splenectomized dogs? Mycoplasma haemocanis: Old problem - New insight

We report the appearance of a Mycoplasma haemocanis infection in laboratory dogs, which has been reported previously, yet, never before in Europe. Outbreak of the disease was triggered by a splenectomy intended to prepare the dogs for a hemorrhagic shock study. The clinical course of the dogs was dramatic including anorexia and hemolytic anemia. Treatment included allogeneic transfusion, prednisone, and oxytetracycline. Systematic follow-up (n=12, blood smears, antibody testing and specific polymerase chain reaction) gives clear evidence that persistent eradication of M. haemocanis is unlikely. We, therefore, had to abandon the intended shock study. In the absence of effective surveillance and screening for M. haemocanis, the question arises whether it is prudent to continue shock research in splenectomized dogs. Copyright (C) 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel

One Health – an Ecological and Evolutionary Framework for tackling Neglected Zoonotic Diseases

Understanding the complex population biology and transmission ecology of multihost parasites has been declared as one of the major challenges of biomedical sciences for the 21st century and the Neglected Zoonotic Diseases (NZDs) are perhaps the most neglected of all the Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs). Here we consider how multihost parasite transmission and evolutionary dynamics may affect the success of human and animal disease control programmes, particularly neglected diseases of the developing world. We review the different types of zoonotic interactions that occur, both ecological and evolutionary, their potential relevance for current human control activities, and make suggestions for the development of an empirical evidence base and theoretical framework to better understand and predict the outcome of such interactions. In particular, we consider whether preventive chemotherapy, the current mainstay of NTD control, can be successful without a One Health approach. Transmission within and between animal reservoirs and humans can have important ecological and evolutionary consequences, driving the evolution and establishment of drug resistance, as well as providing selective pressures for spill‐over, host switching, hybridizations and introgressions between animal and human parasites. Our aim here is to highlight the importance of both elucidating disease ecology, including identifying key hosts and tailoring control effort accordingly, and understanding parasite evolution, such as precisely how infectious agents may respond and adapt to anthropogenic change. Both elements are essential if we are to alleviate disease risks from NZDs in humans, domestic animals and wildlife

Equine hemobartonellosis in Niger

Des enquêtes réalisées dans la région occidentale de la République du Niger (étalements sanguins pratiqués sur soixante-dix-neuf chevaux), montrent la fré quence et l'importance de l'hémobartonellose équine dans cette partie du Sahel. Le cheval, contrairement aux carnivores, fait une affection chronique où dominent les troubles locomoteurs, le rendant progressivement impotent et inutilisable, dans un pays où il est la « monture du chef » et souvent un signe de richesse et surtout de prestance. Une élévation du taux d'endémicité risquerait avoir dans l'avenir des répercussions socio-économiques non négligeables. A Niamey, 60 p. 100 des chevaux d'un club hippique sont porteurs d'Haemo- bartoneüa sp., 10 p. 100 de l’effectif présentent des troubles morbides. Taux exacts de morbidité et surtout de mortalité très difficiles à définir parmi les animaux de village. Contagion in utero peu fréquente, mais transmission par insectes ou acariens hématophages.A Niger strain of Haemobartonella is very pathogenic to the horse. The disease is chronic. Anaemia, light pyrexia, epistaxis, and general weariness. Frequent attacks lead a chronic state with nervous troubles: wavering and realing walk. Muscular lysis and articular pains appear with blood lesions: aplasia, hypochromia, anisocytosis and poikilocytosis. The horse becomes a cripple. Rhipicephalus and Hippobosca should seem possible vectors. The last therapeutic trials indicate the good effects of a Chlorpromazine cure (ten days long), associated to the diacetomido acetate, 4, 4-diamidino-diazoaminobenzoha. Arrhenic and antibiotic medications give poor results. This disease has in Niger an highly sociological and economical importance