An impact analysis on how biodiesel demand affects the fats and oils market

The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file.Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 12, 2009)Thesis (M.S.) University of Missouri-Columbia 2008.With the signing of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA), much attention is being given to the biofuel mandates included in the act. Biodiesel use is mandated to increase from 500 million gallons in 2009 to one billion gallons in 2012. This increased use of biodiesel may have a big impact on U.S. agriculture over the next few years. The newly added biodiesel demand could potentially affect the demand for fats and oils and the hierarchy of their prices. The primary objective of this study is to determine how the fats and oils market is affected by the addition of the newly expanded biodiesel demand. A secondary objective of this study is to estimate some elasticities for the industrial side of the fats and oils market. A third objective, which is also an intermediate stage, is to introduce biodiesel demand, based on the assumption of very elastic demand at a break-even price that takes account of some petroleum-based diesel price and other input costs. The results show that tax credits and the mandates will play a significant role in biodiesel's future. Without these incentives biodiesel will not be as profitable. The results help us to understand current policies and provisions, as well as a way to look at different scenarios that might affect future policies.Includes bibliographical reference

The Unthinkable Botanical Gardens: Poems

The Unthinkable Botanical Gardens is a book of poems in five sections. The first, third, and fifth sections present a speaker navigating a wondrous and often hostile world. The second and fourth sections are long poems: Zodiac B, a sequence inspired by obsolete or forgotten constellations, and Elbow Island, which tells the story of the beluga whales exhibited in Barnum\u27s American Museum

Industries & sprawl: measuring the effect of labor demand structure on urban form using landscape metrics

Using industry data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and landscape metrics to describe county growth patterns, this study finds that as counties move towards employment in industries with lower mean incomes, total urbanized area in a county grows more rapidly. The development also becomes more contiguous. As number of workplaces in a county increase, so does total urbanized area. As counties shift towards industries with flatter income distributions and low rates of college education, total urbanized area also grows but it also remains more fractured. The ratio of large-to-small employers did not appear to have pronounced effects on rate of growth or on contiguity of urban form. Based on these industry attributes, counties with particularly large ratios of their workforces in accommodation and food services, construction, retail trade, and administrative, support, waste management are at increased risk of sprawl. On the other hand, counties with increased ratios of health care, information, finance and insurance, educational services, and professional, scientific, technical services are at decreased risk of sprawl.Master of City and Regional Plannin

A New Domain for Place-Rooted Foundations: Economic Development Philanthropy

This article suggests that economic development philanthropy is a new domain for place-rooted foundations, and highlights the important system-actor role that these foundations can and are playing to advance economic development that produces better outcomes for families and communities. Economic development philanthropy requires foundations to play integrating or missing roles to advance regional economic development – that they act to fill gaps that other organizations and agencies in the community or region are not addressing. To ensure that a foundation is playing this value-added role requires identifying what others are doing and the outcomes they are seeking or achieving – thereby clarifying the gaps and leverage points in the system. This article also offers some initial insights into what it will take to build a movement of place-rooted foundations embracing social entrepreneurship to advance an economy that works well for all, and encourages continued discussion of the role that place-rooted foundations can play in that movement

Course of Study for Ninth Grade Unit General Shop

The purpose of this study is to develop a course of study in industrial arts suitable to meet the needs of the present day ninth grade student. A brief history and philosophy of industrial arts is presented to show how industrial arts has grown, developed, and become a definite part of general education. This course of study is divided into four wajor units of instruction; mechanical drawing, woodwork, electricity, and metal work. Each unit of instruction is further divided into lessons which have information and manipulative assignments. This course of study also has the teaching methods, class organization, and methods of grading listed. Industrial arts is not a new field of education; it has been in existence for many years, but it has not always been known by the name of industrial arts. The general shop is the most widely used method of teaching industrial arts in the junior high school. The general shop is a room in which two or more activities are taught at the same time by one teacher. The general shop is well adapted for the junior high school because it enables the student to come in contact with a wide range of materials and tools. Working with the materials and tools in the shop enables the student to explore many areas of industry, thereby discovering his ability and aptitude in what might become his vocation.Industrial Arts Educatio

Cancer-related chronic pain

BACKGROUND: Disparities in cancer survival and pain rates negatively impact quality of life (QOL). This study examines cancer-related chronic pain (CP) and its impact on QOL in diverse cancer survivors. METHODS: This survey study focused on current and past pain, health, and QOL in black and white cancer survivors. Participants with breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancer and multiple myeloma were recruited through the Michigan State Cancer Registry. Analysis of variance was used to examine outcome differences by pain status, race, and sex. Hierarchical regressions explored predictors for experiencing pain. RESULTS: The subjects (N = 199) were 31% black, 49% female, and 57 to 79 years old; 19.5% experienced current pain, and 42.6% reported pain since diagnosis. Women experience more pain ( P < .001) and greater pain severity ( P = .04) than men. Blacks experienced more pain interference and disability ( P < .05). Experiencing pain is related to greater depressive symptoms, poorer functioning, and more symptoms. In hierarchical regressions, female sex predicted pain since diagnosis; pain severity for pain since diagnosis was predicted by black race and female sex. CONCLUSIONS: The authors extend the literature by showing that 20% of diverse cancer survivors had cancer-related CP, and 43% had experienced pain since diagnosis, revealing racial and sex disparities in cancer-related CP's incidence and impact on QOL. Having pain was related to poorer QOL in several domains and was more frequently experienced by women. Although black race was not related to pain prevalence, it was related to greater severity. This study reveals an unaddressed cancer survivorship research, clinical, and policy issue. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/83753/1/25761_ftp.pd

PrimPol bypasses UV photoproducts during eukaryotic chromosomal DNA replication

DNA damage can stall the DNA replication machinery, leading to genomic instability. Thus, numerous mechanisms exist to complete genome duplication in the absence of a pristine DNA template, but identification of the enzymes involved remains incomplete. Here, we establish that Primase-Polymerase (PrimPol; CCDC111), an archaeal-eukaryotic primase (AEP) in eukaryotic cells, is involved in chromosomal DNA replication. PrimPol is required for replication fork progression on ultraviolet (UV) lightdamaged DNA templates, possibly mediated by its ability to catalyze translesion synthesis (TLS) of these lesions. This PrimPol UV lesion bypass pathway is not epistatic with the Pol h-dependent pathway and, as a consequence, protects xeroderma pigmentosum variant (XP-V) patient cells from UV-induced cytotoxicity. In addition, we establish that PrimPol is also required for efficient replication fork progression during an unperturbed S phase. These and other findings indicate that PrimPol is an important player in replication fork progression in eukaryotic cells

IRONMAN: A Novel International Registry of Men With Advanced Prostate Cancer

Registro; Cáncer de próstata avanzadoRegistre; Càncer de pròstata avançatRegistry; Advanced prostate cancerPURPOSE To describe a newly established international registry recruiting diverse patients with advanced prostate cancer across academic and community practices to address unmet needs in this population. PATIENTS AND METHODS Initiated in 2017, IRONMAN (International Registry for Men with Advanced Prostate Cancer) is a prospective cohort of patients with advanced prostate cancer. The study will enroll 5,000 patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) or castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), recruited from Australia, the Bahamas, Barbados, Brazil, Canada, Ireland, Jamaica, Kenya, Nigeria, Norway, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The study is collecting datatypes to study variation in care and treatment of advanced prostate cancer across countries and across academic, community-based, and government practices with a focus on clinical outcomes, patient-reported outcomes, epidemiologic data, biologic subtypes, and clinician questionnaires. RESULTS Through July 2022, 2,682 eligible patients were enrolled in 11 of 12 active countries. Sixty-six percent of patients have mHSPC, and 34% have CRPC. On the basis of self-report, 11% of patients are Black and 9% are Hispanic. Five Veterans Affairs Medical Centers are enrolling patients. Globally, 23% of patients report being veterans of military service. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first international cohort of people newly diagnosed with advanced prostate cancer designed to describe variations in patient management, experiences, and outcomes. IRONMAN aims to identify optimal treatment sequences to improve survival, understand patient-reported outcomes, and explore novel biomarkers to understand treatment resistance mechanisms. Insights from IRONMAN will inform and guide future clinical management of people with mHSPC and CRPC. This cohort study will provide real-world evidence to facilitate a better understanding of the survivorship of people with advanced prostate cancer

Evolution of predator dispersal in relation to spatio-temporal prey dynamics : how not to get stuck in the wrong place!

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Ground-based, Near-infrared Exospectroscopy. II. Tentative Detection of Emission From the Extremely Hot Jupiter WASP-12b

We report the tentative detection of the near-infrared emission of the Hot Jupiter WASP-12b with the low-resolution prism on IRTF/SpeX. We find a K-H contrast color of 0.137% +/- 0.054%, corresponding to a blackbody of temperature 2400 (+1500/-500) K and consistent with previous, photometric observations. We also revisit WASP-12b's energy budget on the basis of secondary eclipse observations: the dayside luminosity is a relatively poorly constrained (2.0-4.3) x 10^30 erg/s, but this still allows us to predict a day/night effective temperature contrast of 200-1,000 K (assuming A_B=0). Thus we conclude that WASP-12b probably does not have both a low albedo and low recirculation efficiency. Our results show the promise and pitfalls of using single-slit spectrographs for characterization of extrasolar planet atmospheres, and we suggest future observing techniques and instruments which could lead to further progress. Limiting systematic effects include the use of a too-narrow slit on one night -- which observers could avoid in the future -- and chromatic slit losses (resulting from the variable size of the seeing disk) and variations in telluric transparency -- which observers cannot control. Single-slit observations of the type we present remain the best option for obtaining lambda > 1.7 micron spectra of transiting exoplanets in the brightest systems. Further and more precise spectroscopy is needed to better understand the atmospheric chemistry, structure, and energetics of this, and other, intensely irradiated planet.Comment: ApJ accepted. 16 pages, 15 figure