A escola como espaço para aprendizado sobre primeiros socorros

Objectives: to implement an educational strategy about first aid in students from public and private schools and to verify their knowledge before and after the educational intervention. Method: quantitative, descriptive, exploratory research, carried out with 48 ninth-year students. In order to verify students' knowledge, ten objective and multiple choice questions were used pre and post-test. The collection was carried out from September to December 2016, totaling six meetings. Data analysis was carried out using PASW Statistics for Windows software, version 20.0. McNemar and Chi-square tests were used. Results: there was a statistically significant difference between the correct answers in the post-test questions about choking (p2=0.008), electric shock (p2=0.018), hemorrhage (p2=0.004), and cardiorespiratory arrest (p2=0.041). The average of correct answers in public and private schools were, respectively, 70.0% and 85.5%. Conclusion: students obtained significant learning through the educational intervention, emphasizing the relevance of including the discipline of first aid in schools.Objetivos: implementar una estrategia educativa sobre los conceptos básicos de primeros auxilios con estudiantes de escuelas públicas y privadas y verificar sus conocimientos antes y después de la intervención educativa. Método: investigación exploratória, cuantitativa, descriptiva, realizada con 48 alumnos del noveno año. Para verificar el conocimiento, se utilizaron diez preguntas objetivas y de opción múltiple como pre-test y post-test. La colección se llevó a cabo de septiembre a diciembre de 2016, totalizando seis reuniones. Para el análisis, se utilizó el software PASW Statistics para Windows, versión 20.0 y las pruebas de McNemar y Chi-cuadrado. Resultados: hubo una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre las respuestas correctas en el post-test acerca de asfixia (p2=0.008), descarga eléctrica (p2=0.018), hemorragia (p2=0.004) y paro cardiorrespiratorio (p2=0.041). El número promedio de respuestas correctas en las escuelas públicas y privadas fue, respectivamente, 70.0% y 85.5%. Conclusión: los estudiantes obtuvieron un aprendizaje significativo a través de la intervención educativa, enfatizando la relevancia de incluir la disciplina de primeros auxilios en las escuelas.Objetivos: implementar estratégia educativa sobre noções básicas de primeiros socorros com estudantes de escola pública e particular e verificar o conhecimento destes antes e após a intervenção educativa. Método: pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva, exploratória, realizada com 48 estudantes do nono ano. Para verificar o conhecimento, utilizaram-se dez questões objetivas e de múltipla escolha como pré e pós-teste. A coleta foi realizada de setembro a dezembro de 2016, totalizando seis encontros. Para análise utilizou-se Software PASW Statistics for Windows, versão 20.0, teste McNemar e Qui-quadrado. Resultados: nas escolas, houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os acertos no pós-teste sobre engasgo (p2=0,008), choque elétrico (p2=0,018), hemorragia (p2=0,004), parada cardiorrespiratória (p2=0,041). Logo, a média de acertos na escola pública e privada foi, respectivamente, 70,0% e 85,5%. Conclusão: os estudantes obtiveram aprendizado significativo mediante intervenção educativa, ressaltando a relevância na inclusão da disciplina de primeiros socorros nas escolas

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved