Avaliação da influência do tipo de solo utilizado como blend na cinética de geração de drenagem ácida de um rejeito de mineração / Evaluation of the influence of the type of soil used as blend on the kinetics of acid drainage generation of a mining tailings

A drenagem ácida de mina é conhecida como um dos impactos ambientais mais severos e duradouros existentes na mineração. Este fenômeno pode ocorrer de forma natural e lenta, entretanto, quando atividades de mineração expõem o material sulfetado, a cinética da reação é acelerada. Tecnologias para prevenção e mitigação da drenagem ácida de mina são utilizadas visando a desaceleração do processo. Para minimizar este impacto ambiental, é necessário prever o potencial de geração da drenagem ácida e a velocidade na qual a mesma pode acontecer, permitindo assim um planejamento de disposição adequado para cada tipo de material. Para isto, testes estáticos e cinéticos são utilizados para auxiliarem na decisão de quais medidas corretivas ou preventivas devem ser tomadas. Diante disso, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a cinética de formação da drenagem ácida de mina diante da disposição de um minério sulfetado junto a solos com diferentes teores de argila, areia e silte. A amostra de rejeito utilizada apresentava potencial para geração ácida e, ao final de 20 semanas de teste, foi possível concluir que nos blends de solo argiloso com até 50% de rejeito, a cinética de geração de drenagem ácida foi diminuída

Condutividade elétrica para avaliação do vigor de sementes de grão-de-bico: Electrical conductivity for chickpea seed quality evaluation

Para garantir boa produção de grão-de-bico, é necessária a utilização de sementes de boa qualidade, sendo fundamental o uso de testes que determinem o vigor dessas sementes. Dentre os testes de vigor destaca-se o teste de condutividade elétrica por ser rápido, de baixo custo, alta repetibilidade, e eficiente na diferenciação de níveis de vigor de várias espécies. Sendo assim, objetivou-se com esse trabalho adequar o teste de condutividade elétrica para avaliar o vigor de lotes de sementes de grão-de-bico. Foram determinados o grau de umidade e peso de mil sementes dos lotes, germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, primeira contagem da germinação, emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência e estande inicial para a caracterização dos lotes. Para determinar os períodos a serem testados no teste de condutividade elétrica, foi construída a curva de embebição. O teste de condutividade elétrica foi realizado em esquema fatorial 4 x 4 x 4, sendo quatro lotes em quatro períodos de embebição (4, 8, 12 e 16 h), com quatro volumes de água destilada e deionizada (50, 75, 100 e 125 mL) com 25 sementes cada e quatro repetições. Concluiu-se que o teste de condutividade elétrica é eficiente para diferenciar lotes de sementes de grão-de-bico da cultivar BRS Aleppo, utilizando-se subamostras de 25 sementes em 75 mL, durante o período de pré-condicionamento de 8 horas

Perfil epidemiológico do estado de Alagoas relacionado com à arbovirose dengue / Epidemiological profile of the state of Alagoas related to arbovirose dengue

Segundo o Ministério da Saúde a Dengue pode ser definida como uma doença febril aguda, dinâmica e sistêmica, de notificação compulsória (BRASIL, 2016). De acordo com indicador Proporção de imóveis visitados, em 2016 apresentou uma cobertura de 63,7% dos domicílios, onde o esperado seria uma cobertura de 80% ou mais, logo o estado se encontra abaixo da meta que é esperada, isto reflete diretamente nos índices encontrados. O agente de combate de endemias (ACE) é fundamental no SUS, atua nas ações de combate e controle da dengue, realizando inúmeras atividades dentre elas visita aos domicílios procurando possíveis focos da doença, alertando e orientando a população, este profissional se encontra na Atenção Básica de Saúd

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Exposure to Examples

The paper reports on a study about the effects of using cases, i.e. concrete examples from the past, in architectural education. The study was actuated by the close attention architectural design receives in the field of Case-Based Reasoning, as reflected by the development of various Case-Based Design systems. Although often specifically education-oriented, these systems rarely have become widely used tools in schools of architecture. This raises the question whether the role of cases in architectural education is sufficiently understood to develop effective CBD systems. While CBD researchers generally assume cases to play a crucial part during design, there is no established theory explaining how. The primary goal of our study was therefore to explore the effects of using cases in architectural education. Exposing students to examples is not generally applauded by design teachers, as it is thought to increase the danger of design fixation. Only few view cases as a vital basis for creativity. A more specific goal of our study was thus to investigate whether cases either limit or improve creative design solutions. In the study, 2nd year architecture students had to design an entrance hall for an apartment building. Half of them had access to entrance hall projects of previous years, the other half did not. Analysis of students’ designs revealed some interesting effects. In particular, the probability of getting a higher score for the concept, the choice of materials and colors, and the creative character of their project, was positively influenced by exposure to examples. Yet, this positive influence only occurred for the more skilled and motivated students.status: publishe