Treatment of complicated skin and soft-tissue infections caused by resistant bacteria: value of linezolid, tigecycline, daptomycin and vancomycin

Antibiotic-resistant organisms causing both hospital-and community-acquired complicated skin and soft-tissue infections (cSSTI) are increasingly reported. A substantial medical and economical burden associated with MRSA colonisation or infection has been documented. The number of currently available appropriate antimicrobial agents is limited. Good quality randomised, controlled clinical trial data on antibiotic efficacy and safety is available for cSSTI caused by MRSA. Linezolid, tigecycline, daptomycin and vancomycin showed efficacy and safety in MRSA-caused cSSTI. None of these drugs showed significant superiority in terms of clinical cure and eradication rates. To date, linezolid offers by far the greatest number of patients included in controlled trials with a strong tendency of superiority over vancomycin in terms of eradication and clinical success

Chitosan– Gelatin (Ch-G) Thin Membrane with Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs): A New Model As A Dressing Bandage

Background and Purpose: Various methods for repairing defects and injuries such as wounds and cuts on the body have long been used. Biocompatible material into the body for the purposes of applying the Chitosan and gelatin are among them. On the other hand, recently the use and application of special cells in the bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) to produce a wide variety of growth factors and tropic factors in the healing and restoration of great concern was. Methods: In this study, a thin film of polymer solution (Ch-G) of mixture casting method, cells with BMSCs were obtained. For this purpose, cells were passage BMSCs after four steps, the thin membrane (Ch-G) were cultured. Adhesion of the BMSCs cells by inverted microscopy, the purity and the stem was examined by immunocytochemistry after the sixth day. Results: Demonstrate that the proper proliferation and apoptosis of cells during this period was low on the membrane. The results showed no significant difference between the cells on thin membranes (Ch-G) compared with the control group. Conclusion: Considering that BMSCs can easily be on thin-film cells (Ch-G), growth and reproduction are good, so it can cover the cell membrane as a dressing Adhesive Bandage to repair some defects, wounds used and bone fractures

Effects of prenatal stress on seizure threshold and development of hippocampus in mice offspring

Background & aim: The effect of stress on the nervous system activity may be due to alterations in the structure of the nervous system. In this study, the effects of maternal stress was examined on the seizure threshold and hippocampal structure of their offspring during pregnancy. Methods: In this study, thirty pregnant mice were divided into two groups. 1) No stress group and 2) Stress group that received one hour immobilization stress from 1 to 14 day of pregnancy. The seizure threshold test was performed in offspring by injection of Pantilen tetrazol (PTZ). To study of the hippocampus development, the mouse offspring were divided into three groups: The control group no received immobilization stress on pregnant rat and their offspring also no received PTZ. The Sham group no received immobilization stress on pregnant rat but their offspring received PTZ. and experimental group that pregnant rat received immobilization stress and their offspring received PTZ. At the end of the experiences, all offsprings were killed by chloroform and their hippocampus fixed in and processed and 5µm sections were prepared and stained by the H&E method. The pyramidal and granular layers thickness in the Hippocampus were measured using Motic software and the number of cells in these layers and the number of blood vessels in the molecular and polymorphic layers were counted. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and T test. Results: The results showed a significant increase in seizure threshold in offspring whose mothers were under stress, compared with offspring whose mothers were not under stress. Average thickness of hippocampal pyramidal and granular in the experimental group than in the control group showed a significant increase (p<0.001). in addition, mean thickness of pyramidal and granular layers of hippocampus significantly increased in the experimental group compared to control group. The number of cells in hippocampal and granular layers significantly decreased in the experimental group when compared with control and sham groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: Prenatal stress can cause an increase in seizure threshold and also impair offspring's development and their hippocampal structure

Investigating Effects of Gelatin-Chitosan Film on Culture of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells in Rat

Introduction: Gelatin and Chitosan are known as biodegradable and biocompatible biopolymers. These biopolymers have recently received increasingly more attention for tissue engineering. The aim of this study was to survey of effects of Gelatin-Chitosan film in viability, proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation on bone marrow stromal cell (BMSCs) culture in rat. Methods: Fist, gelatin- chitosan composites film were prepared by solution mixing , of both biopolymer in %75 acetic acid. After two passage of BMSCs culture, cells in the four groups including control, gelatin, chitosan and chitosan-gelatin were grown. The cells viability during the second, fourth and sixth days by tripanblue, proliferation by cell account and cell apoptosis by Acridin Orange were examined. Also cell differentiation during the second, fourth and sixth day were evaluated by immunocytochemistry . Results: The results showed significant reduction in cell proliferation in chitosan alone group (P<0.05). But the gelatin and chitosan-gelatin groups were similar to the control group as the cell proliferation was increased. Also all groups had no cell differentiation. Conclusion: Results of proliferation,differentiation and apoptosis cultured BMSCs on a gelatin-chitosan film showed that gelatin-chitosan film can be used as a good model of a biodegradable scaffold in tissue engineering and cell therapy

Searches for heavy long-lived sleptons and R\it{R}-hadrons with the ATLAS detector in pp\it{pp} collisions at s=7\sqrt{s}=7 TeV

A search for long-lived particles is performed using a data sample of 4.7 fb-1 from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy sqrt(s) = 7 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. No excess is observed above the estimated background and lower limits, at 95% confidence level, are set on the mass of the long-lived particles in different scenarios, based on their possible interactions in the inner detector, the calorimeters and the muon spectrometer. Long-lived staus in gauge-mediated SUSY-breaking models are excluded up to a mass of 300 GeV for tan beta = 5-20. Directly produced long-lived sleptons are excluded up to a mass of 278 GeV. R-hadrons, composites of gluino (stop, sbottom) and light quarks, are excluded up to a mass of 985 GeV (683 GeV, 612 GeV) when using a generic interaction model. Additionally two sets of limits on R-hadrons are obtained that are less sensitive to the interaction model for R-hadrons. One set of limits is obtained using only the inner detector and calorimeter observables, and a second set of limits is obtained based on the inner detector alone

Searches for heavy long-lived sleptons and R-Hadrons with the ATLAS detector in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

See paper for full list of authors - 33 pages plus author list and cover (55 pages total), 18 (42) figures, 9 tables, submitted to Physics Letters B, All figures including auxiliary figures will be available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/SUSY-2012-01/A search for long-lived particles is performed using a data sample of 4.7 fb-1 from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy sqrt(s) = 7 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. No excess is observed above the estimated background and lower limits, at 95% confidence level, are set on the mass of the long-lived particles in different scenarios, based on their possible interactions in the inner detector, the calorimeters and the muon spectrometer. Long-lived staus in gauge-mediated SUSY-breaking models are excluded up to a mass of 300 GeV for tan beta = 5-20. Directly produced long-lived sleptons are excluded up to a mass of 278 GeV. R-hadrons, composites of gluino (stop, sbottom) and light quarks, are excluded up to a mass of 985 GeV (683 GeV, 612 GeV) when using a generic interaction model. Additionally two sets of limits on R-hadrons are obtained that are less sensitive to the interaction model for R-hadrons. One set of limits is obtained using only the inner detector and calorimeter observables, and a second set of limits is obtained based on the inner detector alone