Análisis preliminar del efecto sitio en La Laguna (Tenerife)

Gran parte de la población de San Cristóbal de La Laguna (Tenerife) se emplaza sobre una potente serie de depósitos volcano-sedimentarios de origen fundamentalmente lacustre. Las propiedades geotécnicas de estos depósitos, en general blandos, deben estar relacionadas con la mayor duración e intensidad del movimiento del suelo que perciben los habitantes del valle de La Laguna cuando tiene lugar un terremoto. En este trabajo, partiendo de estudios geológicos y geotécnicos previos, se evalúa el factor de amplificación y la respuesta espectral elástica de tres emplazamientos representativos de acuerdo con las normativas española (NCSE-02) y europea (Eurocódigo-8) y para dos escenarios sísmicos diferentes. Los resultados obtenidos siguiendo ambas normativas presentan importantes diferencias, tanto en la metodología de clasificación de terrenos y asignación de factores de amplificación, como en la forma y amplitud de los espectros de respuesta resultantes. Se puede admitir, en general, que la zona del valle que mayor amplificación del movimiento presentaría durante un terremoto es la central, seguida por la zona suroeste, según la NCSE-02, o la zona noreste según el Eurocódigo-8

Characterization of the shallow subsurface structure across the Carrascoy Fault System (SE Iberian Peninsula) using P-wave tomography and Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves

The seismicity in the SE Iberian Peninsula is distributed parallel to the coast in a well-developed strike-slip fracture system known as the Eastern Betic Shear Zone (EBSZ). This work focuses on the characterization of the shallow subsurface structure of the Algezares-Casas Nuevas Fault, within the Carrascoy Fault System of the EBSZ. The Carrascoy Fault borders the Guadalentín Depression to the south, which is a densely populated area with extensive agricultural activity. Therefore, this faults system represents a seismic hazard with significant social and economic implications. We have constructed two velocity-depth models based on P-wave tomography and Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) acquired from seismic reflection data. The resulting velocity models have allowed us to interpret the first ~250m depth and have revealed: i) the thickness of the critical zone; ii) the geometry of the Algezares-Casas Nuevas Fault; iii) the depth of the Messinian/Tortonian contact and iv) the presence of blind thrusts and damage zones under the Guadalentín Depression. Our results have also helped us to estimate an apparent vertical slip rate of 0.66±0.06m/ky for the Algezares-Casas Nuevas Fault since 209.1±6.2ka. Our results provide a methodological and backflow protocol to study the shallow subsurface of active faults, complementing previous geological models based on paleoseismological trenches, and can be used to improve the seismic hazard assessment of tectonically active regions around the world

The Bàlitx landslide (Mallorca, Spain) and its possible seismic origin: active spreading since the Late Pleistocene

El deslizamiento de Bàlitx, situado en el escarpado litoral de la Serra de Tramuntana de Mallorca es un gran deslizamiento rocoso traslacional, cuya superficie de rotura aprovecha un plano de falla normal preexistente. La datación de estrías de calcita sobre el plano de falla con U/Th pone de manifiesto que el último movimiento de la falla está fuera del rango de datación de este método (> 400 ka). El volumen de material movilizado por el deslizamiento se estima en unos 700 millones de metros cúbicos, con un desplazamiento de unos 300 m hacia el NO. Se han identificado procesos activos de apertura de grietas de tracción, con desplazamientos y desplomes de grandes bloques de roca procedentes del escarpe principal del deslizamiento, proceso cuyo inicio coincide con un máximo transgresivo hace 83 ka (Pleistoceno superior), correspondiente al estadio isotópico 5a (OIS 5a), constatado como más cálido y húmedo que el actual. En los materiales deslizados se han identificado grietas con longitudes decamétricas y aperturas de hasta 50 m, cuya generación y apertura continua en la actualidad, y que parecen poner de manifiesto la ruptura del bloque deslizado en varias unidades que se desplazan a distintas velocidades. Se ha realizado un análisis retrospectivo de la estabilidad, considerando varios escenarios posibles relacionados con posiciones críticas del nivel del mar. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto condiciones de estabilidad en todos los casos, con factores de seguridad >1.3, lo que avala la hipótesis de un posible origen sísmico del deslizamiento. El estudio en condiciones dinámicas pone de manifiesto que el deslizamiento de Bàlitx pudo ser provocado por un posible terremoto de magnitud moderada a alta (Mw≥6.0), localizado en las inmediaciones del deslizamiento (10-30 km), probablemente en relación con alguna de las fallas activas de Mallorca, como la de Palma.The Bàlitx landslide, located on the steep coastal side of the Tramuntana range on the island of Mallorca, is a large translational rock landslide in which the failure surface coincides with the reactivation of an earlier normal fault. The dating of calcite striae on the fault plane with U/Th techniques reveals that the last movement was over 400 kyr ago, which falls outside of the range of this method. The volume of the landslide is estimated to be over 700 million cubic metres, with a north-westward displacement of 300 m. Active extensional cracks as well as block spreads have been identified along the main scarp, together with displacement and toppling of blocks, the beginning of which coincides with oxygen isotope stage OIS 5a (Late Pleistocene = 83 kyr), a wetter and warmer period than the present. Currently active decametre-long cracks up to 50 mDepto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEEspaña. Plan Nacional de Investigación Científica y Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológicapu

Incorporating Descriptive Metadata into Seismic Source Zone Models for Seismic Hazard Assessment: A case study of the Azores-West Iberian region

In probabilistic seismic-hazard analysis (PSHA), seismic source zone (SSZ) models are widely used to account for the contribution to the hazard from earth- quakes not directly correlated with geological structures. Notwithstanding the impact of SSZ models in PSHA, the theoretical framework underlying SSZ models and the criteria used to delineate the SSZs are seldom explicitly stated and suitably docu- mented. In this paper, we propose a methodological framework to develop and docu- ment SSZ models, which includes (1) an assessment of the appropriate scale and degree of stationarity, (2) an assessment of seismicity catalog completeness-related issues, and (3) an evaluation and credibility ranking of physical criteria used to delin- eate the boundaries of the SSZs. We also emphasize the need for SSZ models to be supported by a comprehensive set of metadata documenting both the unique character- istics of each SSZ and the criteria used to delineate its boundaries. This procedure ensures that the uncertainties in the model can be properly addressed in the PSHA and that the model can be easily updated whenever new data are available. The pro- posed methodology is illustrated using the SSZ model developed for the Azores–West Iberian region in the context of the Seismic Hazard Harmonization in Europe project (project SHARE) and some of the most relevant SSZs are discussed in detail

Geophysical Imaging of the Critical Zone along the Eastern Betic Shear Zone (EBSZ), SE Iberian Peninsula

The critical zone (CZ) represents the most-shallow subsurface, where the bio-, hydro-, and geospheres interact with anthropogenic activity. To characterize the thickness and lateral variations of the CZ, here we focus on the Eastern Betic Shear Zone (EBSZ), one of the most tectonically active regions in the Iberian Peninsula. Within the EBSZ, the Guadalentín Depression is a highly populated area with intensive agricultural activity, where the characterization of the CZ would provide valuable assets for land use management and seismic hazard assessments. To achieve this, we have conducted an interdisciplinary geophysical study along the eastern border of the Guadalentín Depression to characterize the CZ and the architecture of the shallow subsurface. The datasets used include Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT), first-arrival travel time seismic tomography, and multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW). The geophysical datasets combined help to constrain the high-resolution structure of the subsurface and image active fault systems along four transects. The resulting geophysical models have allowed us to interpret the first ~150 m of the subsurface and has revealed: (i) the variable thickness of the CZ; (ii) the CZ relationship between the fault zone and topographic slope; and (iii) the differences in CZ thickness associated with the geological units. Our results provide a method for studying the shallow subsurface of active faults, complementing previous geological models based on paleo-seismological trenches, and can be used to improve the CZ assessment of tectonically active regions

A multi-stage genome-wide association study of bladder cancer identifies multiple susceptibility loci.

We conducted a multi-stage, genome-wide association study of bladder cancer with a primary scan of 591,637 SNPs in 3,532 affected individuals (cases) and 5,120 controls of European descent from five studies followed by a replication strategy, which included 8,382 cases and 48,275 controls from 16 studies. In a combined analysis, we identified three new regions associated with bladder cancer on chromosomes 22q13.1, 19q12 and 2q37.1: rs1014971, (P = 8 × 10⁻¹²) maps to a non-genic region of chromosome 22q13.1, rs8102137 (P = 2 × 10⁻¹¹) on 19q12 maps to CCNE1 and rs11892031 (P = 1 × 10⁻⁷) maps to the UGT1A cluster on 2q37.1. We confirmed four previously identified genome-wide associations on chromosomes 3q28, 4p16.3, 8q24.21 and 8q24.3, validated previous candidate associations for the GSTM1 deletion (P = 4 × 10⁻¹¹) and a tag SNP for NAT2 acetylation status (P = 4 × 10⁻¹¹), and found interactions with smoking in both regions. Our findings on common variants associated with bladder cancer risk should provide new insights into the mechanisms of carcinogenesis

Experiències entrecreuades a Santa Eugènia del Congost

Rastres de memòria no escrita. D’experiències entrecreuades a Santa Eugènia del Congost... és el primer d’una sèrie de quaderns de treball amb mostres de material visual recollit en el marc del projecte artístic i didàctic Experiències entrecreuades a Santa Eugènia del Congost, desenvolupat en el context de l’antiga font i safareigs de Santa Eugènia del Congost –situats prop de l’autovia C-17, el riu Congost i de l’Ajuntament de Tagamanent–. Des del curs acadèmic 2016-2017, el Grup d’Innovació Docent Consolidat de la Universitat de Barcelona ATESI (Art, Territori, Estratègia Docent, Sostenibilitat i Intervenció Social – GINDC-UB/162) promou accions –instal·lacions artístiques efímeres, performance, tallers oberts, exposicions i actes...– per tal de «reviure» de forma física i conceptual aquests espais en desús per a la població, tot fent èmfasi en la recuperació de la seva memòria històrica, i amb una metodologia que busca integrar l’actuació conjunta d’administracions, figures expertes, centres educatius i ciutadanes. Aquestes accions, ideològicament posicionades, parteixen del treball en règim d’Aprenentatge Servei (ApS), una metodologia docent que implica l’assoliment de competències educatives en la realització d’activitats que tenen un retorn directe en la comunitat. En aquesta línia, les actuacions dutes a terme que es mostren en aquest quadern han tingut la participació d’alumnat del Grau en Belles Arts de la Universitat de Barcelona, de l’Escola Sagrats Cors de Centelles, de l’Escola d’Art i Superior de Disseny de Vic i d’ex-alumnes del mateix centre (EXARTVIC), coordinat per professorat dels diferents àmbits i amb la participació del Grup ApS(UB)

A multi-stage genome-wide association study of bladder cancer identifies multiple susceptibility loci.

We conducted a multi-stage, genome-wide association study of bladder cancer with a primary scan of 591,637 SNPs in 3,532 affected individuals (cases) and 5,120 controls of European descent from five studies followed by a replication strategy, which included 8,382 cases and 48,275 controls from 16 studies. In a combined analysis, we identified three new regions associated with bladder cancer on chromosomes 22q13.1, 19q12 and 2q37.1: rs1014971, (P = 8 × 10⁻¹²) maps to a non-genic region of chromosome 22q13.1, rs8102137 (P = 2 × 10⁻¹¹) on 19q12 maps to CCNE1 and rs11892031 (P = 1 × 10⁻⁷) maps to the UGT1A cluster on 2q37.1. We confirmed four previously identified genome-wide associations on chromosomes 3q28, 4p16.3, 8q24.21 and 8q24.3, validated previous candidate associations for the GSTM1 deletion (P = 4 × 10⁻¹¹) and a tag SNP for NAT2 acetylation status (P = 4 × 10⁻¹¹), and found interactions with smoking in both regions. Our findings on common variants associated with bladder cancer risk should provide new insights into the mechanisms of carcinogenesis

Diplopia is frequent and associated with motor and non-motor severity in parkinson's disease : Results from the COPPADIS cohort at 2-year follow-up

Background and objective: Diplopia is relatively common in Parkinson's disease (PD) but is still understudied. Our aim was to analyze the frequency of diplopia in PD patients from a multicenter Spanish cohort, to compare the frequency with a control group, and to identify factors associated with it. Patients and Methods: PD patients who were recruited from January 2016 to November 2017 (baseline visit; V0) and evaluated again at a 2-year ± 30 days follow-up (V2) from 35 centers of Spain from the COPPADIS cohort were included in this longitudinal prospective study. The patients and controls were classified as "with diplopia" or "without diplopia" according to item 15 of the Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS) at V0, V1 (1-year ± 15 days), and V2 for the patients and at V0 and V2 for the controls. Results: The frequency of diplopia in the PD patients was 13.6% (94/691) at V0 (1.9% in controls [4/206]; p < 0.0001), 14.2% (86/604) at V1, and 17.1% (86/502) at V2 (0.8% in controls [1/124]; p < 0.0001), with a period prevalence of 24.9% (120/481). Visual hallucinations at any visit from V0 to V2 (OR = 2.264; 95%CI, 1.269-4.039; p = 0.006), a higher score on the NMSS at V0 (OR = 1.009; 95%CI, 1.012-1.024; p = 0.015), and a greater increase from V0 to V2 on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-III (OR = 1.039; 95%CI, 1.023-1.083; p < 0.0001) and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (OR = 1.028; 95%CI, 1.001-1.057; p = 0.049) scores were independent factors associated with diplopia (R = 0.25; Hosmer and Lemeshow test, p = 0.716). Conclusions: Diplopia represents a frequent symptom in PD patients and is associated with motor and non-motor severity