Información acerca de la presencia de alcornoque (Quercus suber L.) en la provincia de Guadalajara

The paper gathers information on the so believed only natural presence of cork oak (Quercus suber L.) in the province of Guadalajara (Central Spain). It is the extremes eastern location of that species in the southern face of the Central Range of Mountains. The most important botanical, ecological and dasometrical aspects of the stand are described. An ecological homologation of the stand, based on Allué Andrade’s work, has also been carried out.Este trabajo recoge información acerca de la que se supone única presencia natural del alcornoque (Quercus suber L.) en la provincia de Guadalajara. Constituye la cita más oriental de la especie en la vertiente Sur del Sistema Central. Se describen las características botánicas, ecológicas y dasométricas más importantes. Se realiza una homologación ecológica basada fundamentalmente en los trabajos de Allué Andrade

La importancia de los trabajos de campo en la confección del modelo del terreno para aplicaciones en ecología

The main aim of this paper is to highlight the extraordinary importance of field surveying for carrying out certain ecological models in which habitats of vegetal communities are conditioned by land elevation. An illustrated case study in the wetlands of Doñana National Park shows the key role of Field Inspections, particularly since morphology (altitude attribute) is one of the first factors that condition the superficial expansion of the main vegetal perennial communities within the wetland system.Se pretende demostrar la extraordinaria incidencia que tienen los trabajos de campo en la confección de determinados modelos ecológicos, en los que el relieve del terreno condiciona el hábitat de sus principales comunidades vegetales. Se ilustra esta hipótesis con un ejemplo extraído de la marisma del Parque Nacional de Doñana, donde su morfología es uno de los factores principales que configura la fisonomía del paisaje vegetal, al condicionar la expansión de las principales agrupaciones vegetales perennes del sistema marismeño

El Mapa Forestal de España escala 1:200.000. Metodología y análisis de resultados

First of all, the main descriptive elements of vegetation used in the Spanish Forest Map on scale 1:200,000 (MFE2C) are put forward. Secondly, this paper includes an explanation of how plant cover maps are a supplementary tool for forest inventories in order to evaluate the actual state of vegetation. As an example, there is a description of characteristics of the current Spanish vegetation regarding the 4 descriptive elements of MFE2C: large climatic domains, structure, evolution level and dominant plant communities.En primer lugar se exponen los principales elementos descriptivos de la vegetación empleados en el Mapa Forestal de España a escala 1:200.000 (MFE2C). En segundo lugar se muestra cómo los mapas forestales son un instrumento de los inventarios para evaluar el estado de la vegetación. Como ejemplo, se muestran las características de la vegetación actual de España en relación a los 4 elementos descriptivos del Mapa Forestal de España 1:200.000: grandes ámbitos climáticos, estructura, nivel evolutivo y agrupaciones vegetales dominantes

Twitter as a Tool for Teaching and Communicating Microbiology: The #microMOOCSEM Initiative

Online social networks are increasingly used by the population on a daily basis. They are considered a powerful tool for science communication and their potential as educational tools is emerging. However, their usefulness in academic practice is still a matter of debate. Here, we present the results of our pioneering experience teaching a full Basic Microbiology course via Twitter (#microMOOCSEM), consisting of 28 lessons of 40-45 minutes duration each, at a tweet per minute rate during 10 weeks. Lessons were prepared by 30 different lecturers, covering most basic areas in Microbiology and some monographic topics of general interest (malaria, HIV, tuberculosis, etc.). Data analysis on the impact and acceptance of the course were largely affirmative, promoting a 330% enhancement in the followers and a >350-fold increase of the number of visits per month to the Twitter account of the host institution, the Spanish Society for Microbiology. Almost one third of the course followers were located overseas. Our study indicates that Massive Online Open Courses (MOOC) via Twitter are highly dynamic, interactive, and accessible to great audiences, providing a valuable tool for social learning and communicating science. This strategy attracts the interest of students towards particular topics in the field, efficiently complementing customary academic activities, especially in multidisciplinary areas like Microbiology.Versión del edito

Patient, tumor, and healthcare factors associated with regional variability in lung cancer survival: a Spanish high‑resolution population‑based study

Purpose The third most frequently diagnosed cancer in Europe in 2018 was lung cancer; it is also the leading cause of cancer death in Europe. We studied patient and tumor characteristics, and patterns of healthcare provision explaining regional variability in lung cancer survival in southern Spain. Methods A population-based cohort study included all 1196 incident first invasive primary lung cancer (C33–C34 according to ICD-10) cases diagnosed between 2010 and 2011 with follow-up until April 2015. Data were drawn from local population-based cancer registries and patients’ hospital medical records from all public and private hospitals from two regions in southern Spain. Results There was evidence of regional differences in lung cancer late diagnosis (58% stage IV in Granada vs. 65% in Huelva, p value < 0.001). Among patients with stage I, only 67% received surgery compared with 0.6% of patients with stage IV. Patients treated with a combination of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery had a 2-year mortality risk reduction of 94% compared with patients who did not receive any treatment (excess mortality risk 0.06; 95% CI 0.02–0.16). Geographical differences in survival were observed between the two regions: 35% vs. 26% at 1-year since diagnosis. Conclusions The observed geographic differences in survival between regions are due in part to the late cancer diagnosis which determines the use of less effective therapeutic options. Results from our study justify the need for promoting lung cancer early detection strategies and the harmonization of the best practice in lung cancer management and treatment.Maria Jose Sanchez Perez is supported by the Andalusian Department of Health: Research, Development, and Innovation Office project grant PI-0152/2017. Miguel Angel Luque-Fernandez is supported by the Spanish National Institute of Health, Carlos III Miguel Servet I Investigator Award (CP17/00206)

Evaluation of appendicitis risk prediction models in adults with suspected appendicitis

Background Appendicitis is the most common general surgical emergency worldwide, but its diagnosis remains challenging. The aim of this study was to determine whether existing risk prediction models can reliably identify patients presenting to hospital in the UK with acute right iliac fossa (RIF) pain who are at low risk of appendicitis. Methods A systematic search was completed to identify all existing appendicitis risk prediction models. Models were validated using UK data from an international prospective cohort study that captured consecutive patients aged 16–45 years presenting to hospital with acute RIF in March to June 2017. The main outcome was best achievable model specificity (proportion of patients who did not have appendicitis correctly classified as low risk) whilst maintaining a failure rate below 5 per cent (proportion of patients identified as low risk who actually had appendicitis). Results Some 5345 patients across 154 UK hospitals were identified, of which two‐thirds (3613 of 5345, 67·6 per cent) were women. Women were more than twice as likely to undergo surgery with removal of a histologically normal appendix (272 of 964, 28·2 per cent) than men (120 of 993, 12·1 per cent) (relative risk 2·33, 95 per cent c.i. 1·92 to 2·84; P < 0·001). Of 15 validated risk prediction models, the Adult Appendicitis Score performed best (cut‐off score 8 or less, specificity 63·1 per cent, failure rate 3·7 per cent). The Appendicitis Inflammatory Response Score performed best for men (cut‐off score 2 or less, specificity 24·7 per cent, failure rate 2·4 per cent). Conclusion Women in the UK had a disproportionate risk of admission without surgical intervention and had high rates of normal appendicectomy. Risk prediction models to support shared decision‐making by identifying adults in the UK at low risk of appendicitis were identified

La renovación de la palabra en el bicentenario de la Argentina : los colores de la mirada lingüística

El libro reúne trabajos en los que se exponen resultados de investigaciones presentadas por investigadores de Argentina, Chile, Brasil, España, Italia y Alemania en el XII Congreso de la Sociedad Argentina de Lingüística (SAL), Bicentenario: la renovación de la palabra, realizado en Mendoza, Argentina, entre el 6 y el 9 de abril de 2010. Las temáticas abordadas en los 167 capítulos muestran las grandes líneas de investigación que se desarrollan fundamentalmente en nuestro país, pero también en los otros países mencionados arriba, y señalan además las áreas que recién se inician, con poca tradición en nuestro país y que deberían fomentarse. Los trabajos aquí publicados se enmarcan dentro de las siguientes disciplinas y/o campos de investigación: Fonología, Sintaxis, Semántica y Pragmática, Lingüística Cognitiva, Análisis del Discurso, Psicolingüística, Adquisición de la Lengua, Sociolingüística y Dialectología, Didáctica de la lengua, Lingüística Aplicada, Lingüística Computacional, Historia de la Lengua y la Lingüística, Lenguas Aborígenes, Filosofía del Lenguaje, Lexicología y Terminología

Frequency and prognostic impact of KIT and other genetic variants in indolent systemic mastocytosis

Indolent systemic mastocytosis (ISM) patients have a normal life expectancy, except in the 5% to 10% of cases that progress to more advanced SM (advSM), which has a significantly poorer outcome. Mutations in genes other than KIT frequently found in myeloid neoplasms have been associated with a poorer outcome among advSM, whereas limited information exists about their frequency and prognostic impact in ISM. We investigated the frequency and prognostic impact of variants in 18 genes, found to be altered in advSM, in 322 ISM patients (median follow-up, 5.7 years) divided into discovery (n = 200) and validation (n = 122) cohorts. Overall, 71 genetic variants were detected in 55 of 322 (17%) patients. Mutated ISM cases, particularly those carrying ASXL1, RUNX1, and/or DNMT3A (A/R/D) pathogenic variant allele frequencies (VAFs) ≥ 30%, exhibited significantly shortened (P 2.5 µg/mL (hazard ratio [HR], 9.8; P = .001), together with a KIT D816V VAF ≥ 1% in bone marrow (BM) (HR, 10.1; P = .02) and pathogenic variants of A/R/D VAFs ≥ 30% (HR, 4.2; P = .02), were the best combination of independent predictors for PFS. In turn, A/R/D gene pathogenic VAF ≥ 30% was the only independent predictor for OS (HR, 51.8; P < .001). Based on these variables, 2 scoring systems were constructed for risk stratification of ISM at diagnosis with significantly different 10-year PFS (100%, 91%, 0% for scores of 0, 1, ≥2, respectively) and OS (100% and 50% for scores of 0 and 1) rates