International Expansion: A Case Study Of Mongolias Dairy Market

A businessman teaches himself the fundamentals of business and marketing in order to expand beyond the region of his Mongolian home.He must work through the meaning of supply and demand and customer-orientation which are foreign concepts to him.Letting go of the fundamental principles taught to him by a socialist system and competing in the 21st century may bring success, but first he must identify the challenges and begin to understand which ones are significant to overcome for success

Analytic Confinement and Regge Trajectories

A simple relativistic quantum field model with the Yukawa-type interaction is considered to demonstrate that the analytic confinement of the constituent ("quarks") and carrier ("gluons") particles explains qualitatively the basic dynamical properties of the spectrum of mesons considered as two-particle stable bound states of quarks and gluons: the quarks and gluons are confined, the glueballs represent bound states of massless gluons, the masses of mesons are larger than the sum of the constituent quark masses and the Regge trajectories of mesonic orbital excitations are almost linear.Comment: RevTeX, 16 pages, 3 figures and 2 table

Perturbation theory for the one-dimensional optical polaron

The one-dimensional optical polaron is treated on the basis of the perturbation theory in the weak coupling limit. A special matrix diagrammatic technique is developed. It is shown how to evaluate all terms of the perturbation theory for the ground-state energy of a polaron to any order by means of this technique. The ground-state energy is calculated up to the eighth order of the perturbation theory. The effective mass of an electron is obtained up to the sixth order of the perturbation theory. The radius of convergence of the obtained series is estimated. The obtained results are compared with the results from the Feynman polaron theory.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures, RevTeX, to be published in Phys. Rev. B (2001) Ap

Mongolian Part of the Transboundary Sailugem Natural Plague Focus in 2017. Communication 1. Epizootic condition

Objective – estimation of current epizootic condition of Mongolian part of transboundary Sailugem natural plague focus. Materials and methods. Epizootiological survey was performed for the area of 2335 km2, 277 mammals and 516 ectoparasites were investigated for plague. Results and conclusions. Eight Yersinia pestis subsp. pestis strains were isolated, including 7 strains – from grey marmots (6 – from the remains of meals of predatory birds, 1 from a corpse) and 1 – from long-tailed souslik (corpse). Y. pestis DNA was detected in 52 objects. Serological samples showed 40 positive results. Epizootic manifestations, confirmed by isolation of Y. pestis cultures, detection of plague microbe DNA, and positive serological results, were observed across the area of 1611 km2 covering 69 % of the inspected territory. Epizootic results indicated high infection rate of mass mammal species and first of all grey marmots. The data demonstrated that the extended plague epizooty caused by Y. pestis of the main subspecies occurred in the inspected territory in the carrier settlements. For the first time the circulation of Y. pestis subsp. pestis was registered in the Mongolian part of the transboundary Sailugem focus

Body size and digestive system shape resource selection by ungulates : a cross-taxa test of the forage maturation hypothesis

The forage maturation hypothesis (FMH) states that energy intake for ungulates is maximised when forage biomass is at intermediate levels. Nevertheless, metabolic allometry and different digestive systems suggest that resource selection should vary across ungulate species. By combining GPS relocations with remotely sensed data on forage characteristics and surface water, we quantified the effect of body size and digestive system in determining movements of 30 populations of hindgut fermenters (equids) and ruminants across biomes. Selection for intermediate forage biomass was negatively related to body size, regardless of digestive system. Selection for proximity to surface water was stronger for equids relative to ruminants, regardless of body size. To be more generalisable, we suggest that the FMH explicitly incorporate contingencies in body size and digestive system, with small-bodied ruminants selecting more strongly for potential energy intake, and hindgut fermenters selecting more strongly for surface water.DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT : The dataset used in our analyses is available via Dryad repository (https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.jsxksn09f) following a year-long embargo from publication of the manuscript. The coordinates associated with mountain zebra data are not provided in an effort to protect critically endangered black rhino (Diceros bicornis) locations. Interested researchers can contact the data owner (Minnesota Zoo) directly for inquiries.https://wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/elehj2022Mammal Research InstituteZoology and Entomolog

On the meson mass spectrum in the covariant confined quark model

We provide a new insight into the problem of generating the hadron mass spectrum in the framework of the covariant confined quark model. One of the underlying principles of this model is the compositeness condition which means that the wave function renormalization constant of the elementary hadron is equal to zero. In particular, this equation allows to express the Yukawa coupling of the meson fields to the constituent quarks as a function of other model parameters. In addition to the compositeness condition we also employ a further equation which relates the meson mass function to the Fermi coupling. Both equations guarantee that the Yukawa-type theory is equivalent to the Fermi-type theory thereby providing an interpretation of the meson field as the bound state of its constituent fermions (quarks). We evaluate the Fermi-coupling as a function of meson (pseudoscalar and vector) masses and vary the values of the masses in such a way to obtain a smooth behavior for the resulting curve. The mass spectrum obtained in this manner is found to be in good agreement with the experimental data. We also compare the behavior of our Fermi-coupling with the strong QCD coupling alpha_s calculated in an QCD-inspired approach

On the meson mass spectrum in the covariant confined quark model

We provide a new insight into the problem of generating the hadron mass spectrum in the framework of the covariant confined quark model. One of the underlying principles of this model is the compositeness condition which means that the wave function renormalization constant of the elementary hadron is equal to zero. In particular, this equation allows to express the Yukawa coupling of the meson fields to the constituent quarks as a function of other model parameters. In addition to the compositeness condition we also employ a further equation which relates the meson mass function to the Fermi coupling. Both equations guarantee that the Yukawa-type theory is equivalent to the Fermi-type theory thereby providing an interpretation of the meson field as the bound state of its constituent fermions (quarks). We evaluate the Fermi-coupling as a function of meson (pseudoscalar and vector) masses and vary the values of the masses in such a way to obtain a smooth behavior for the resulting curve. The mass spectrum obtained in this manner is found to be in good agreement with the experimental data. We also compare the behavior of our Fermi-coupling with the strong QCD coupling alpha_s calculated in an QCD-inspired approach

The transport and conductivity properties of the ionic liquid EMIMTCM

The ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tricyanomethanide (EMIMTCM) is a very interesting, yet so far poorly studied, ionic liquid which has a low viscosity, high conductivity, and acceptable electrochemical stability for use as an electrolyte. In this study the self-diffusion coefficients, spin–lattice relaxation times, and spin–spin relaxation times of EMIMTCM were measured over the temperature range 263 to 343 K. To gain insight into the origin of the physical properties of EMIMTCM, the temperature dependence of the measured cation diffusion coefficient was compared with two structurally related EMIM-based ionic liquids which differed only in the choice of anion: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide (EMIMFSA) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulphonyl)amine (EMIMTFSA). The experimentally determined diffusion coefficient, conductivity, and viscosity values were analysed using the Stokes–Einstein–Sutherland, Stokes–Einstein–Debye and Vogel–Fulcher–Tamman equations, respectively. The correlation time (τcation) of the cations were calculated from the relaxation data using the Bloembergen–Purcell–Pound equation. The overall isotropic molecular reorientational correlation time, τc, and translational correlation time, τD, of the cations were calculated from the viscosity and translational diffusion coefficients, respectively. The results of this study provide information on reorientational and translational motions of EMIMTCM and the correlation times were found to be in the following order τD N τc N τcation and EMIMTCM diffused faster than EMIMTFSA and EMIMFSA, due to the smaller size of the TCM anion and its lower viscosity