Training for happiness: the impacts of different positive exercises on hedonism and eudaemonia

Theoretical conceptions on happiness have generally considered two broad perspectives: hedonic enjoyment and eudaemonia. However, most research on how to improve people’s happiness has focused primarily on the enhance‑ ment of hedonic happiness. In this longitudinal experimental study we test the differential impact of two positive exercises—Best Possible Selves and the Lottery Question—on hedonic and eudaemonic happiness. The hypothesis that the practice of the Best Possible Selves exercise would increase hedonic happiness was confirmed. This effect was immediate and maintained a week after the exercise. Furthermore, this exercise also increased eudaemonic happiness. However, its effect decreased after a week. Contrary to what was expected the Lottery Question exercise decreased both eudaemonic happiness and hedonic happiness over time. We discuss implications of this study for the literature on positive psychological and behavioral interventions to increase happiness.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Irmãos de crianças com perturbação do espetro do autismo

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) affect the child’s interaction, communication, and behavior, profoundly changing the family environment.Objectives: To understand what it means to be the sibling of a child with ASD. Participants and Methods: Exploratory descriptive study, using a qualitative methodology, with 11 siblings of children with ASD with semi-structured interviews, conducted in October and November/2013, and data analysis proposed by Bardin.Results: Four themes emerged: the child and the sibling’s diagnosis, the child and the sibling with ASD, the child and the parents, and the child and the others. Conclusions: Being the sibling of a child with ASD is a unique experience. Some negative aspects are related to the attention given by the parents, with this being one of the most significant needs felt by siblings of children with ASD. Nurses should intervene with parents, alerting them to the fact that the attention given to their children is one of the greatest needs expressed by the children.As Perturbações do Espetro do Autismo (PEA) afetam a interação, comunicação e comportamento de uma criança, alterando profundamente o ambiente familiar.Objetivos: Conhecer a experiência vivida dos irmãos de crianças com PEA.Participantes e Métodos: Estudo descritivo exploratório, de natureza qualitativa, junto de 11 irmãos de crianças com PEA, através de entrevista semiestruturada, realizada em Outubro e Novembro/2013, e análise de dados proposta por Bardin.Resultados: Emergiram quatro temas: a criança e o diagnóstico de doença do irmão, a criança e o irmão com PEA, a criança e os pais e a criança e os outros.Conclusões: Ser irmão de uma criança com PEA é uma experiência única, contudo apresenta aspetos positivos e negativos, sendo a atenção dispensada pelos pais uma das maiores necessidades sentidas pelos irmãos de crianças com PEA. Com base nos resultados obtidos, a intervenção dos enfermeiros junto dos irmãos poderão clarificar as necessidades sentidas, bem como intervir junto dos pais alertando-os que a atenção por eles dispensada aos filhos é uma das grandes necessidades verbalizadas pelas crianças.

The efficiency of curved jetties in Bay of Santos, São Paulo, Brazil: physical modeling

Atualmente, o Porto de Santos é o maior da América Latina, e encontra-se em processo de aprofundamento de seu canal de acesso, prevendo alcançar os 17 m DHN como meta final. Especificamente para o trecho da barra marítima que hoje é mantida somente por dragagem, espera-se um incremento significativo no volume de dragagem de manutenção. Nesse sentido, este trabalho empregou a modelagem física para avaliar a eficácia de molhes guia-corrente curvos na manutenção de profundidades ao longo do trecho da barra marítima do canal do Porto de Santos, seu impacto na dispersão da pluma de efluentes do emissário submarino existente na baía e sua influência na praia adjacente ao molhe. Como resultado, verificou-se que a introdução dos molhes tornaria possível manter as profundidades do canal de acesso na transposição da barra com um volume de dragagem de manutenção muito inferior ao atual, que o aumento da extensão original do emissário submarino em 1,2 km não só reduziria a influência da presença dos molhes, como melhoraria a dispersão dos efluentes para o largo em relação à situação original. Além disso, a presença dos molhes induz uma acreção marinha que tende a proteger a região adjacente à embocadura que hoje sofre um severo processo erosivo. Por fim, o estudo realizado indica ser plenamente viável a adoção de obras fixas para a transposição da barra marítima do Porto de Santos, podendo configurar-se como uma opção economicamente mais atraente do que a atual, para manter profundidades de 17 m DHN23611851198Currently, the Port of Santos is the largest in Latin America, and its access channel is in the process of deepening, intending to reach 17 m DHN as an ultimate goal. Specifically for the maritime bar section, which is now maintained only by dredging, a significant increase in the volume of maintenance dredging is expected. The current study applied the physical modelling to evaluate the effectiveness of two curved jetties in the maintenance of depth along the inlet entrance of Santos channel, its impact on the dispersion of the plume of effluents from the existing outfall and its influence on the beach adjacent to the proposed right jetty. As a result, the jetties’ layout could maintain the access channel’s depth with a much lower volume of dredging than the current maintenance requires. It was found that the increase of 1.2 km on the outfall’s original length would not only reduce the influence of the jetties’ presence, but also improve significantly the dispersion of effluents in comparison to the original situation. Moreover, the presence of the jetties induces a marine accretion that tends to protect the region adjacent to the inlet, which is currently suffering a severe erosion process. Finally, the study shows that it is completely feasible to adopt the curved jetties to transpose the Port of Santos’ maritime bar, which may be configured as an economic and attractive option to maintain depths of 17 m DH

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia en Bogotá, Córdoba.

El presente documento muestra el desarrollo de la actividad colaborativa correspondiente a la Evaluación nacional del Diplomado de profundización acompañamiento psicosocial en escenarios de violencia como opción de grado y ofertado por la Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia UNAD presentando un material investigativo con enfoque a la temática del mencionado diplomado, se repartió en diez (10) unidades de estudio con las respectivas referencias bibliográficas de lectura y video. Material que permitió además del conocimiento e información, la apropiación para los abordajes críticos de los casos prácticos de la realidad social presentados y con el fin de orientar un acercamiento psicosocial se desarrolló dos fases individual donde se presentó el análisis y postura crítica desde el pensamiento de los integrantes del grupo colaborativo, además de la presentación de preguntas estratégicas, circulares y reflexivas con los debidos fundamentos teóricos, simultáneamente se trabajó el caso de las comunidades de Cacarica proponiendo estrategias de acompañamiento psicosocial desde el análisis y reflexión, para luego trabajar los aspectos en mención de manera colaborativa mejorando la calidad y pertenencia de los diversos conceptos. Se implementa el enfoque acción son daño ASD, el cual se construyen las estrategias de intervención desde una mirada ética, evitando el detrimento de la población y reforzando la autonomía. Durante las preguntas y estrategias de intervención se quiere orientar a las víctimas a empoderarse de su situación siendo ahora sobrevivientes de hechos violentos, haciendo hincapié en la resiliencia se ha definido como la capacidad de una Persona o grupo para seguir proyectándose en el futuro a pesar de acontecimientos desestabilizadores, de condiciones de vida difíciles y de traumas a veces graves (Manciaux, Vanistendael, Lecomte y Cyrulnik, 2001). Como complemento al documento se anexa un informe realizado en el paso 3 (Experiencia foto voz)This document shows the development of the collaborative activity during the national evaluation of accompanying psychosocial violence in violence and freedom at the National University Open and Distance UNAD presents a research material with focus on the theme of the year graduated, distributed in ten (10) units of study with the respective bibliographic references of reading and video. Computer material that includes information on the subject, information, orientation, focus, attention, information, information, information, information, results. the members of the collaborative group, in addition to presenting the strategic, circular and reflective questions with the proper theoretical foundations, become the case of the people of Cacarica proposing strategies of accompaniment for the analysis and reflection, to then work on the aspects in a collaborative way improving the quality and belonging of the different concepts. A report made in step 3 is attached as a supplement to the document

New method to assess mitophagy flux by flow cytometry

PMID:25945953 WOS:000355323800009publishersversionpublishe

Unveiling the mechanism of action of 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone on an mrsa/visa strain: Membrane and cell wall interactions

UIDB/00100/2020 PTDC/MED-QUI/29036/2017 CEECIND/03414/2018 UIDB/04378/2020 PTDC/BIA-MIC/31645/2017 UID/DTP/04138/2019 UID/DTP/04567/2019 CBIOS/PRUID/BI1/2017 UIDB/04567/2020 UID/AMB/50017 UIDP/50017/2020 UIDB/50017/2020The number of cases of failure in the treatment of infections associated with resistant bacteria is on the rise, due to the decreasing efficacy of current antibiotics. Notably, 7α-Acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone (AHR), a diterpene isolated from different Plectranthus species, showed antibacterial activity, namely against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. The high antibacterial activity and low cytotoxicity render this natural compound an interesting alternative against resistant bacteria. The aim of this study is to understand the mechanism of action of AHR on MRSA, using the MRSA/Vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA) strain CIP 106760, and to study the AHR effect on lipid bilayers and on the cell wall. Although AHR interacted with lipid bilayers, it did not have a significant effect on membrane passive permeability. Alternatively, bacteria treated with this royleanone displayed cell wall disruption, without revealing cell lysis. In conclusion, the results gathered so far point to a yet undescribed mode of action that needs further investigation.publishersversionpublishe

JASM: Active Pedagogy for Foreign Language Learning in Higher Education.

PROJ/IPV/ID&I/030JASM project (Janela aberta sobre o mundo: línguas estrangeiras, criatividade multimodal e inovação pedagógica no ensino superior) consists of an experience of active pedagogy with students of the undergraduate course in Media Studies at the School of Education in Viseu (Portugal). The main objective of JASM is to promote the acquisition of multilingual and multicultural skills and to generate multilingual awareness. In addition to the cognitive dimension, students explore the aesthetic and emotional dimensions of language. Experiences of artistic creativity (media arts, multimedia art, among others) enable multimodal communication in English and French, starting off with information gathering pertaining to the cultural and linguistic diversity of Viseu. After conducting research on the countries of origin of the chosen nationalities as well as the underlying cultures, the students, working in groups, found out about the life stories of migrants on the basis of interviews. Experiences of artistic creativity made it possible to exercise multimodal communication. An object or a tradition mentioned in the stories told by migrants allowed them to build a fictional story around the said object or tradition. Photos were taken at all stages of this work. A storyboard of each fictional story was developed. The Korsakow system made it possible to create dynamic documentaries. The disclosure of this learning experience is made public on the project site and through an e-book.The students' language level (written and oral comprehension and expression) was assessed at the start of the project, using tests. The intermediate evaluation is of a qualitative type as well as the final evaluation (interview type, carried out with students and teachers) due to COVID-19 crisis. The progress of the learning process, as well as the involvement of the teachers could thus be documented.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Desafios ‘práticos e reflexivos’ para os cursos de graduação em terapia ocupacional em tempos de pandemia

The COVID-19 pandemic has conduced to the adoption of measures that bring about changes in the routine and organization of work in universities. The virtual environments have been considered as vectors for undergraduate courses during pandemic addressing, and it’s necessary to produce reflection for this new context. The Rede Nacional de Ensino e Pesquisa em Terapia Ocupacional – RENETO (Brazilian Occupational Therapy Education and Research Association), Brazil, attentive to the issues involved in the formation and production of knowledge in the field, has been searching with peers for ways to carry out a complex reading of reality and, from this, create and implement strategies to be able to deal with the demands imposed, respecting the regionalities in which the undergraduate courses are running on. Thus, based on a survey carried out with the coordinators of Occupational Therapy courses, which aimed to understand how the undergraduate courses have adhered or not to teaching through digital platforms, this paper intends to reflect on decision making about pedagogical, ethical and political dimensions in the scope of academic activities not only in the context of pandemic, but also considering the projections of the new reality imposed by the pandemic. However, there is still a somewhat disjointed scenario in the area and realities significantly different, between public and private institutions.A pandemia de COVID-19 tem provocado a adoção de medidas que ocasionam a mudança na rotina e na organização do trabalho das universidades. Os ambientes virtuais vêm se apresentando como vetores para os cursos de graduação durante o enfrentamento da pandemia, sendo necessário produzir reflexões para este novo contexto. A Rede Nacional de Ensino e Pesquisa em Terapia Ocupacional – RENETO, Brasil, atenta as questões implicadas com a formação e produção de conhecimento da área, vem buscando junto aos pares maneiras de realizar uma leitura complexa da realidade e, a partir desta, criar e implementar estratégias que deem conta de atender as demandas impostas, respeitando as regionalidades em que os cursos de graduação estão inseridos. Assim, a partir de um levantamento realizado junto às coordenações de cursos de graduação em Terapia Ocupacional, a fim de compreender como os cursos de graduação têm aderido ou não à oferta de ensino por meio de plataformas digitais, o presente trabalho pretende refletir acerca das tomadas de decisões pedagógicas, éticas e políticas no âmbito das diversas atividades acadêmicas, não apenas no contexto do enfrentamento da pandemia, como também nas projeções da nova realidade imposta por esta problemática. Contudo, observa-se ainda um cenário um tanto desarticulado na área, entre instituições significativamente diferentes, públicas e privadas

Pain and depression comorbidity causes asymmetric plasticity in the locus coeruleus neurons

There is strong comorbidity between chronic pain and depression, although the neural circuits and mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. By combining immunohistochemistry, tracing studies and western blotting, with the use of different DREADDS (designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drugs) and behavioural approaches in a rat model of neuropathic pain (chronic constriction injury), we explore how this comorbidity arises. To this end, we evaluated the time-dependent plasticity of noradrenergic locus coeruleus neurons relative to the site of injury: ipsilateral (LCipsi) or contralateral (LCcontra) locus coeruleus at three different time points: short (2 days), mid (7 days) and long term (30-35 days from nerve injury). Nerve injury led to sensorial hypersensitivity from the onset of injury, whereas depressive-like behaviour was only evident following long-term pain. Global chemogenetic blockade of the LCipsi system alone increased short-term pain sensitivity while the blockade of the LCipsi or LCcontra relieved pain-induced depression. The asymmetric contribution of locus coeruleus modules was also evident as neuropathy develops. Hence, chemogenetic blockade of the LCipsi -> spinal cord projection, increased pain-related behaviours in the short term. However, this lateralized circuit is not universal as the bilateral chemogenetic inactivation of the locus coeruleus-rostral anterior cingulate cortex pathway or the intra-rostral anterior cingulate cortex antagonism of alpha1- and alpha2-adrenoreceptors reversed long-term pain-induced depression. Furthermore, chemogenetic locus coeruleus to spinal cord activation, mainly through LCipsi, reduced sensorial hypersensitivity irrespective of the time post-injury. Our results indicate that asymmetric activation of specific locus coeruleus modules promotes early restorative analgesia, as well as late depressive-like behaviour in chronic pain and depression comorbidity.Peer reviewe