Jet Energy Density in Hadron-Hadron Collisions at High Energies

The average particle multiplicity density dN/deta is the dynamical quantity which reflects some regularities of particle production in low-pT range. The quantity is an important ingredient of z-scaling. Experimental results on charged particle density are available for pp, pA and AA collisions while experimental properties of the jet density are still an open question. The goal of this work is to find the variable which will reflect the main features of the jet production in low transverse energy range and play the role of the scale factor for the scaling function psi(z) and variable z in data z-presentation. The appropriate candidate is the variable we called "scaled jet energy density". Scaled jet energy density is the probability to have a jet with defined ET in defined xT and pseudorapidity regions. The PYTHIA6.2 Monte Carlo generator is used for calculation of scaled jet energy density in proton-proton collisions over a high energy range (sqrt s = 200-14000 GeV) and at eta = 0. The properties of the new variable are discussed and sensitivity to "physical scenarios" applied in the standard Monte Carlo generator is noted. The results of scaled jet energy density at LHC energies are presented and compared with predictions based on z-scaling.Comment: 11 pages, LaTeX, 8 figures, Presented at the XVII International Baldin Seminar on High Energy Physics Problems "Relativistic Nuclear Physics & Quantum Chromodynamics", Dubna, Russia, September 27 - October 2, 200

Beef cows and calves, 1979: a summary of research

Response of fall-born calves to monensin on orchardgrass / alfalfa or tall fescue / alfalfa pastures / F. M. Byers, C. F. Parker, and R. W. Van Keuren -- Effects of forage system and breed type on the performance of fall calving cows / C. F. Parker and R. W. Van Keuren -- Forage management for beef production / R. W. Van Keuren, C. F. Parker, and E. W. Klosterman -- Breeding and management systems to optimize beef breeding herd productivity / E. W. Klosterman, R. W. Van Keuren, C. F. Parker, and F. M. Byers -- Voluntary feed intake of mature cows as related to breed type, condition, and forage quality / E. W. Klosterman, F. M. Byers, and C. F. Parker -- Weight and condition changes of pregnant beef cows wintered on corn stover stacks / G. R. Wilson, J. G. Gordon, J. H. Cline, K. M. Irvin, and E. W. Klosterman -- Estrus synchronization of beef cows and heifers with prostaglandin F2a under field conditions / G. R. Wilson, T. L. Benecke, K. M. Irvin, T. M. Ludwick, C. E. Marshall, and R. A. Wallac

Studies of multiplicity in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

In this talk I'll review the present status of charged particle multiplicity measurements from heavy-ion collisions. The characteristic features of multiplicity distributions obtained in Au+Au collisions will be discussed in terms of collision centrality and energy and compared to those of p+p collisions. Multiplicity measurements of d+Au collisions at 200 GeV nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy will also be discussed. The results will be compared to various theoretical models and simple scaling properties of the data will be identified.Comment: "Focus on Multiplicity" Internationsl Workshop on Particle Multiplicity in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions, Bari, Italy, June 17-19, 2003, 16 pages, 15 figure

Multiplicity Studies and Effective Energy in ALICE at the LHC

In this work we explore the possibility to perform ``effective energy'' studies in very high energy collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In particular, we focus on the possibility to measure in $pp$ collisions the average charged multiplicity as a function of the effective energy with the ALICE experiment, using its capability to measure the energy of the leading baryons with the Zero Degree Calorimeters. Analyses of this kind have been done at lower centre--of--mass energies and have shown that, once the appropriate kinematic variables are chosen, particle production is characterized by universal properties: no matter the nature of the interacting particles, the final states have identical features. Assuming that this universality picture can be extended to {\it ion--ion} collisions, as suggested by recent results from RHIC experiments, a novel approach based on the scaling hypothesis for limiting fragmentation has been used to derive the expected charged event multiplicity in $AA$ interactions at LHC. This leads to scenarios where the multiplicity is significantly lower compared to most of the predictions from the models currently used to describe high energy $AA$ collisions. A mean charged multiplicity of about 1000-2000 per rapidity unit (at $\eta \sim 0$) is expected for the most central $Pb-Pb$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 5.5 TeV$.Comment: 12 pages, 19 figures. In memory of A. Smirnitski

Charged particle densities from Au+Au collisions at sqrt{s_{NN}}=130 GeV

We present charged particle densities as a function of pseudorapidity and collision centrality for the 197Au+197Au reaction at sqrt{s_{NN}}=130 GeV. An integral charged particle multiplicity of 3860+/-300 is found for the 5% most central events within the pseudorapidity range -4.7 <= eta <= 4.7. At mid-rapidity an enhancement in the particle yields per participant nucleon pair is observed for central events. Near to the beam rapidity, a scaling of the particle yields consistent with the ``limiting fragmentation'' picture is observed. Our results are compared to other recent experimental and theoretical discussions of charged particle densities in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures; to be published in Phys. Lett.

Forward and midrapidity like-particle ratios from p+p collisions at sqrt(s)=200 GeV

We present a measurement of pi-\pi+, K-/K+ and pbar/p from p+p collisions at sqrt(s) = 20 0GeV over the rapidity range 0<y<3.4. For pT < 2.0 GeV/c we see no significant transverse momentum dependence of the ratios. All three ratios are independent of rapidity for y ~< 1.5 and then steadily decline from y ~ 1.5 to y ~ 3. The pi-\pi+ ratio is below unity for y > 2.0. The pbar/p ratio is very similar for p+p and 20% central Au+Au collisions at all rapidities. In the fragmentation region the three ratios seem to be independent of beam energy when viewed from the rest frame of one of the protons. Theoretical models based on quark-diquark breaking mechanisms overestimate the pbar/p ratio up to y ~< 3. Including additional mechanisms for baryon number transport such as baryon junctions leads to a better description of the data.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, uses elsart.sty. Changes to references and discussion based on referee comments, resubmitted to Phys. Lett.

Airway structural cells regulate TLR5-mediated mucosal adjuvant activity

Antigen-presenting cell (APC) activation is enhanced by vaccine adjuvants. Most vaccines are based on the assumption that adjuvant activity of Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists depends on direct, functional activation of APCs. Here, we sought to establish whether TLR stimulation in non-hematopoietic cells contributes to flagellin’s mucosal adjuvant activity. Nasal administration of flagellin enhanced T-cell-mediated immunity, and systemic and secretory antibody responses to coadministered antigens in a TLR5-dependent manner. Mucosal adjuvant activity was not affected by either abrogation of TLR5 signaling in hematopoietic cells or the presence of flagellin-specific, circulating neutralizing antibodies. We found that flagellin is rapidly degraded in conducting airways, does not translocate into lung parenchyma and stimulates an early immune response, suggesting that TLR5 signaling is regionalized. The flagellin-specific early response of lung was regulated by radioresistant cells expressing TLR5 (particularly the airway epithelial cells). Flagellin stimulated the epithelial production of a small set of mediators that included the chemokine CCL20, which is known to promote APC recruitment in mucosal tissues. Our data suggest that (i) the adjuvant activity of TLR agonists in mucosal vaccination may require TLR stimulation of structural cells and (ii) harnessing the effect of adjuvants on epithelial cells can improve mucosal vaccines.Fil: Van Maele, Laurye. Institut Pasteur de Lille. Lille; Francia. Univ Lille Nord de France. Lille; Francia. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; FranciaFil: Fougeron, Delphine. Institut Pasteur de Lille. Lille; Francia. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Francia. Univ Lille Nord de France. Lille; FranciaFil: Janot, Laurent. University of Orléans. Orléans; Francia. Institut de Transgenose. Orleans; FranciaFil: Didierlaurent, A.. Imperial College of London. Londres; Reino UnidoFil: Cayet, D.. Institut Pasteur de Lille. Lille; Francia. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Francia. Univ Lille Nord de France. Lille; FranciaFil: Tabareau, J.. Institut Pasteur de Lille. Lille; Francia. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Francia. Univ Lille Nord de France. Lille; FranciaFil: Rumbo, Martín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos; ArgentinaFil: Corvo Chamaillard, S.. Institut Pasteur de Lille. Lille; Francia. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Francia. Univ Lille Nord de France. Lille; FranciaFil: Boulenoir, S.. Institut Pasteur de Lille. Lille; Francia. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Francia. Univ Lille Nord de France. Lille; FranciaFil: Jeffs, S. Imperial College of London. Londres; Reino UnidoFil: Vande Walle, L. Department of Medical Protein Research. Ghent; Bélgica. University of Ghent; BélgicaFil: Lamkanfi, M.. Department of Medical Protein Research. Ghent; Bélgica. University of Ghent; BélgicaFil: Lemoine, Y.. Univ Lille Nord de France. Lille; Francia. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Francia. Institut Pasteur de Lille. Lille; FranciaFil: Erard, F.. Institut de Transgenose. Orleans; Francia. University of Orléans. Orléans; FranciaFil: Hot, D.. Univ Lille Nord de France. Lille; Francia. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Francia. Institut Pasteur de Lille. Lille; FranciaFil: Hussell, Tracy. Imperial College of London. Londres; Reino Unido. University of Manchester; Reino UnidoFil: Ryffel, B.. Institut de Transgenose. Orleans; Francia. University of Orléans. Orléans; FranciaFil: Benecke, Arndt G.. Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; FranciaFil: Sirard, J.C.. Univ Lille Nord de France. Lille; Francia. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Francia. Institut Pasteur de Lille. Lille; Franci