Kontrola akustičnom metodom raspadanja stijena pri rotacionom bušenju

The contribution describes the technical and algorithmic solution of the optimization of rotary drilling. The global optimization criteria express the minimum specific energy on drilling and the maximum speed of drilling. The article presents the first results of research on the utilization of acoustic methods in indirect measurement of criterion function by optimizing these processes.Rad opisuje tehničko i algoritmičko rješenje optimalizacije rotacionog bušenja. Globalna optimalizacija kriterija izražava minimalnu specifičnu energiju bušenja i maksimalnu brzinu bušenja. Članak predstavlja prve rezultate istraživanja primjene akustičkih metoda u neizravnom mjerenju funkcije kriterija optimaliziranjem tih procesa

Microbiota plays a role in oral immune priming in Tribolium castaneum

Animals are inhabited by a diverse community of microorganisms. The relevance of such microbiota is increasingly being recognized across a broad spectrum of species, ranging from sponges to primates, revealing various beneficial roles that microbes can play. The red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum represents a well-established experimental model organism for studying questions in ecology and evolution, however, the relevance of its microbial community is still largely unknown. T. castaneum larvae orally exposed to bacterial components of the entomopathogen Bacillus thuringiensis bv. tenebrionis showed increased survival upon a subsequent challenge with spores of this bacterium. To investigate whether T. castaneum microbiota plays a role in this phenomenon, we established a protocol for raising microbe-free larvae and subsequently tested whether they differ in their ability to mount such a priming response. Here we demonstrate that larvae with significantly lowered microbial loads, show decreased survival upon secondary challenge with B. thuringiensis bv. tenebrionis spores, compared to animals that were allowed to regain their microbiota before priming. Although the exact mechanism of oral immune priming is unclear, we here suggest that microbiota plays a crucial role in oral immune priming in this species

The parent?infant dyad and the construction of the subjective self

Developmental psychology and psychopathology has in the past been more concerned with the quality of self-representation than with the development of the subjective agency which underpins our experience of feeling, thought and action, a key function of mentalisation. This review begins by contrasting a Cartesian view of pre-wired introspective subjectivity with a constructionist model based on the assumption of an innate contingency detector which orients the infant towards aspects of the social world that react congruently and in a specifically cued informative manner that expresses and facilitates the assimilation of cultural knowledge. Research on the neural mechanisms associated with mentalisation and social influences on its development are reviewed. It is suggested that the infant focuses on the attachment figure as a source of reliable information about the world. The construction of the sense of a subjective self is then an aspect of acquiring knowledge about the world through the caregiver's pedagogical communicative displays which in this context focuses on the child's thoughts and feelings. We argue that a number of possible mechanisms, including complementary activation of attachment and mentalisation, the disruptive effect of maltreatment on parent-child communication, the biobehavioural overlap of cues for learning and cues for attachment, may have a role in ensuring that the quality of relationship with the caregiver influences the development of the child's experience of thoughts and feelings

Extended Thromboprophylaxis with Betrixaban in Acutely Ill Medical Patients

Background Patients with acute medical illnesses are at prolonged risk for venous thrombosis. However, the appropriate duration of thromboprophylaxis remains unknown. Methods Patients who were hospitalized for acute medical illnesses were randomly assigned to receive subcutaneous enoxaparin (at a dose of 40 mg once daily) for 10±4 days plus oral betrixaban placebo for 35 to 42 days or subcutaneous enoxaparin placebo for 10±4 days plus oral betrixaban (at a dose of 80 mg once daily) for 35 to 42 days. We performed sequential analyses in three prespecified, progressively inclusive cohorts: patients with an elevated d-dimer level (cohort 1), patients with an elevated d-dimer level or an age of at least 75 years (cohort 2), and all the enrolled patients (overall population cohort). The statistical analysis plan specified that if the between-group difference in any analysis in this sequence was not significant, the other analyses would be considered exploratory. The primary efficacy outcome was a composite of asymptomatic proximal deep-vein thrombosis and symptomatic venous thromboembolism. The principal safety outcome was major bleeding. Results A total of 7513 patients underwent randomization. In cohort 1, the primary efficacy outcome occurred in 6.9% of patients receiving betrixaban and 8.5% receiving enoxaparin (relative risk in the betrixaban group, 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.65 to 1.00; P=0.054). The rates were 5.6% and 7.1%, respectively (relative risk, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.98; P=0.03) in cohort 2 and 5.3% and 7.0% (relative risk, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.63 to 0.92; P=0.006) in the overall population. (The last two analyses were considered to be exploratory owing to the result in cohort 1.) In the overall population, major bleeding occurred in 0.7% of the betrixaban group and 0.6% of the enoxaparin group (relative risk, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.67 to 2.12; P=0.55). Conclusions Among acutely ill medical patients with an elevated d-dimer level, there was no significant difference between extended-duration betrixaban and a standard regimen of enoxaparin in the prespecified primary efficacy outcome. However, prespecified exploratory analyses provided evidence suggesting a benefit for betrixaban in the two larger cohorts. (Funded by Portola Pharmaceuticals; APEX ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01583218. opens in new tab.

The upgrade of the ALICE TPC with GEMs and continuous readout

The upgrade of the ALICE TPC will allow the experiment to cope with the high interaction rates foreseen for the forthcoming Run 3 and Run 4 at the CERN LHC. In this article, we describe the design of new readout chambers and front-end electronics, which are driven by the goals of the experiment. Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detectors arranged in stacks containing four GEMs each, and continuous readout electronics based on the SAMPA chip, an ALICE development, are replacing the previous elements. The construction of these new elements, together with their associated quality control procedures, is explained in detail. Finally, the readout chamber and front-end electronics cards replacement, together with the commissioning of the detector prior to installation in the experimental cavern, are presented. After a nine-year period of R&D, construction, and assembly, the upgrade of the TPC was completed in 2020.publishedVersio

pengaruh model pembelajaran inductive thinking - deductive thinking terhadap hasil belajar IPS ditinjau dari jenis kelamin siswa kelas VII SMP N 2 KARTASURA

ABSTRAK Ulfah Fajar Hayati (K5411064) PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DEDUCTIVE THINKING–INDUCTIVE THINKING DITINJAU DARI JENIS KELAMIN TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 2 KARTASURA TAHUN AJARAN 2014/2015 (Materi Pembelajaran Kondisi Geografis dan Penduduk). Proposal Skripsi, Surakarta: Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan. Universitas Sebelas Maret. Februari 2015. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) Untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar IPS materi pembelajaran kondisi geografis dan penduduk antara model pembelajaran deductive thinking dan model pembelajaran induktive thinking pada siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 2 Kartasura tahun ajaran 2014/2015. 2) Untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar IPS materi pembelajaran kondisi geografis dan penduduk pada siswa laki-laki yang disampaikan dengan model pembelajaran deductive thinking dan model pembelajaran inductive thinking pada siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 2 Kartasura tahun ajaran 2014/2015. 3) Untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar IPS materi pembelajaran kondisi geografis dan penduduk pada siswa perempuan yang disampaikan dengan model pembelajaran deductive thinking dan model pembelajaran inductive thinking pada siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 2 Kartasura tahun ajaran 2014/2015. 4) Untuk mengetahui pengaruh interaksi antara model pembelajaran dan jenis kelamin terhadap hasil belajar IPS materi pembelajaran kondisi geografis dan penduduk pada siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 2 Kartasura tahun ajaran 2014/2015. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Quasi Eksperimental dengan rencana design grup factorial 2x2. Populasi penelitian adalah kelas VII SMP Negeri 2 Kartasura, Sukoharjo dan sampel penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIID dan VIIA Sampel tersebut diambil dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dalam bentuk tes obyektif pilihan ganda. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dengan pengujian hipotesis analisis Anova Dua Arah (Two Way Anova) pada taraf signifikasi 5%

Effects of Once-Weekly Exenatide on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes.

Abstract BACKGROUND: The cardiovascular effects of adding once-weekly treatment with exenatide to usual care in patients with type 2 diabetes are unknown. METHODS: We randomly assigned patients with type 2 diabetes, with or without previous cardiovascular disease, to receive subcutaneous injections of extended-release exenatide at a dose of 2 mg or matching placebo once weekly. The primary composite outcome was the first occurrence of death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke. The coprimary hypotheses were that exenatide, administered once weekly, would be noninferior to placebo with respect to safety and superior to placebo with respect to efficacy. RESULTS: In all, 14,752 patients (of whom 10,782 [73.1%] had previous cardiovascular disease) were followed for a median of 3.2 years (interquartile range, 2.2 to 4.4). A primary composite outcome event occurred in 839 of 7356 patients (11.4%; 3.7 events per 100 person-years) in the exenatide group and in 905 of 7396 patients (12.2%; 4.0 events per 100 person-years) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83 to 1.00), with the intention-to-treat analysis indicating that exenatide, administered once weekly, was noninferior to placebo with respect to safety (P<0.001 for noninferiority) but was not superior to placebo with respect to efficacy (P=0.06 for superiority). The rates of death from cardiovascular causes, fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction, fatal or nonfatal stroke, hospitalization for heart failure, and hospitalization for acute coronary syndrome, and the incidence of acute pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, medullary thyroid carcinoma, and serious adverse events did not differ significantly between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with type 2 diabetes with or without previous cardiovascular disease, the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events did not differ significantly between patients who received exenatide and those who received placebo. (Funded by Amylin Pharmaceuticals; EXSCEL ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01144338 .)

Home Experience and Executive Function Development in Preschoolers

Home experiences of preschoolers including their activities at home and parental play beliefs were measured in order to assess if these experiences have a relationship with the development of executive function (inhibitory control, shifting, and visual spacial working memory included). The home activity measured includes children’s frequency of engagement in different activities in their home: academics-related activities, spending meal time with family, breakfast at home, pretend play, motor play, fine motor activities, arts and crafts, solitary play, peer play, and sports and physical activity. Parental play beliefs was also measured using a scale. The data was collected from Ethiopia from July to September of 2017