The production of knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases in young people: a bibliometric research

Objective: Identifying and characterizing the scientific production of nurses related to young people's vulnerability to sexually transmitted diseases (STD). Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study (2009-2013), of type bibliometric research, conducted through the search of publications on the Health Virtual Library and the catalog of theses and dissertations of Brazilian Association of Nursing. The sample consisted of 40 articles, 05 theses and 05 dissertations. Results: The most of the publications were carried out by nurses’ teachers with doctoral degree. The theme of HIV/aids, focus of health education, field research and qualitative analysis of the findings had greater representativeness in the sample analyzed. Conclusion: Although STD have been manifested in young people and the Health Ministry of Brazil showing the increased incidence of HIV/aids in this group, the scientific literature on the subject in the studied timeframe is irregular and reduced

Young academics and the knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases: contribution to care in nursing

Objective: Analyzing the knowledge of nursing graduate students about sexually transmitted diseases and identifying practices that young people adopt for STD prevention. Method: A descriptive, quantitative study held in a public higher education institution in Rio de Janeiro with nursing graduates who answered a questionnaire. Research approved by CEP/UERJ n. 063/2012. The data were tabulated with use of simple descriptive statistics and stored in Microsoft Excel 2003 software. Results: Students recognize the importance about the use of condoms for prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, but don't use it continuously. Many students are unaware of the transmission of STD. Conclusion: The young people investigated do not have enough information about sexually transmitted diseases and preventive measures. Health professionals should contribute with information and educational activities, emphasizing the importance of practicing safe sexual health for young people

The production of knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases in young people: a bibliometric research

RESUMOObjetivo: Identificar e caracterizar a produção científica de enfermeiros relacionada à vulnerabilidade dos jovens às Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis.  Método: Estudo descritivo, de recorte transversal (2009-2014), do tipo bibliométrico, realizado na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde e no Catálogo de Teses e dissertações da ABEn. A amostra foi constituída por 40 artigos, 05 teses e 05 dissertações. Resultados: Os achados evidenciam que a maioria das publicações foi realizada por enfermeiros docentes com titulação de doutorado. A temática do HIV/Aids, o enfoque da educação para a saúde, a pesquisa de campo e a análise qualitativa dos achados tiveram maior representatividade no conjunto amostral analisado.  Conclusão: Embora as DST se manifestem na população jovem e documentos do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil evidenciem o aumento da incidência do HIV/aids neste contingente populacional, a produção científica acerca do tema no recorte temporal estudado é irregular e reduzida.Descritores: Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis, Adolescente, Adulto jovem, Bibliometria. ABSTRACTObjective: To identify and characterize the scientific production of nurses related to young people's vulnerability to sexually transmitted diseases (STD). Method: Descriptive study of transverse cutting (2009-2013), bibliometric research, conducted through the search of publications on the Health Virtual Library and the catalog of theses and dissertations of Brazilian Association of Nursing. The sample consisted of 40 articles, 05 theses and 05 dissertations. Results: The most of the publications were carried out by nurses’ teachers with doctoral degree. The theme of HIV/aids, focus of health education, field research and qualitative analysis of the findings had greater representativeness in the sample analyzed. Conclusion: Although STD have been manifested in young people and the Health Ministry of Brazil showing the increased incidence of HIV/aids in this group, the scientific literature on the subject in the studied timeframe is irregular and reduced.Descriptors: Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Adolescent, Young adult, Bibliometrics. RESUMENObjetivo: Identificar y caracterizar la producción científica de enfermería relacionado a la vulnerabilidad de los jóvenes con enfermedades de transmisión sexual. Método: Estudio descriptivo de tipo bibliométrico (2009-2013), de corte transversal realizado en la Biblioteca Virtual de salud y en el catálogo de tesis y disertaciones de la Asociación Brasileña de enfermería. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 40 artículos, 05 tesis y 05 disertaciones. Resultados: La mayoría de las publicaciones se llevó a cabo por enfermeras docentes con grado de doctorado. El tema del VIH/SIDA, el enfoque de educación para la salud, la investigación de campo y análisis cualitativo de los resultados tuvieron mayor representatividad en la muestra analizada. Conclusión: Aunque las enfermedades de transmisión sexual si manifiesta en los jóvenes y los documentos del Ministerio de salud de Brasil demostra el aumento de la incidencia de VIH/SIDA en esta población, la literatura científica sobre el tema en el período estudiado es irregular y reducido.Descriptores: Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual, Adolescente, Adulto jovem, Bibliometría

CIRURGIA ORTOPÉDICA PEDIÁTRICA NA CORREÇÃO DA ESCOLIOSE INFANTIL

Pediatric scoliosis is a complex spinal deformity that requires precise orthopedic interventions to ensure proper correction and patient quality of life. This study aims to review the latest surgical approaches and their effectiveness in correcting pediatric scoliosis. Methodology: an integrative review using the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) databases, employing health science descriptors such as “pediatric scoliosis,” “orthopedic surgery,” and “spinal correction.” Results: studies analyzed demonstrate significant advances in surgical techniques and postoperative recovery. Conclusion: current surgical interventions are effective in correcting pediatric scoliosis, with improved functional and aesthetic outcomes, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary approach and continuous follow-up.   A escoliose infantil é uma deformidade espinhal complexa que requer intervenções ortopédicas precisas para garantir a correção adequada e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Este estudo tem como objetivo revisar as abordagens cirúrgicas mais recentes e suas eficácias na correção da escoliose infantil. Metodologia: uma revisão integrativa utilizando as bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), empregando descritores em ciências da saúde como “escoliose infantil”, “cirurgia ortopédica” e “correção espinhal”. Resultados: foram analisados estudos que demonstram avanços significativos nas técnicas cirúrgicas e na recuperação pós-operatória dos pacientes. Conclusão: as intervenções cirúrgicas atuais mostram-se eficazes na correção da escoliose infantil, com melhores desfechos funcionais e estéticos, destacando a importância da abordagem multidisciplinar e do acompanhamento contínuo

A social and ecological assessment of tropical land uses at multiple scales: the Sustainable Amazon Network

Science has a critical role to play in guiding more sustainable development trajectories. Here, we present the Sustainable Amazon Network (Rede Amazonia Sustentavel, RAS): a multidisciplinary research initiative involving more than 30 partner organizations working to assess both social and ecological dimensions of land-use sustainability in eastern Brazilian Amazonia. The research approach adopted by RAS offers three advantages for addressing land-use sustainability problems: (i) the collection of synchronized and co-located ecological and socioeconomic data across broad gradients of past and present human use; (ii) a nested sampling design to aid comparison of ecological and socioeconomic conditions associated with different land uses across local, landscape and regional scales; and (iii) a strong engagement with a wide variety of actors and non-research institutions. Here, we elaborate on these key features, and identify the ways in which RAS can help in highlighting those problems in most urgent need of attention, and in guiding improvements in land-use sustainability in Amazonia and elsewhere in the tropics. We also discuss some of the practical lessons, limitations and realities faced during the development of the RAS initiative so far.Keywords: Social–ecological systems, Tropical forests, Land use, Interdisciplinary research, Sustainability, Trade-off

Search for new particles in events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search is presented for new particles produced at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, using events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 101 fb(-1), collected in 2017-2018 with the CMS detector. Machine learning techniques are used to define separate categories for events with narrow jets from initial-state radiation and events with large-radius jets consistent with a hadronic decay of a W or Z boson. A statistical combination is made with an earlier search based on a data sample of 36 fb(-1), collected in 2016. No significant excess of events is observed with respect to the standard model background expectation determined from control samples in data. The results are interpreted in terms of limits on the branching fraction of an invisible decay of the Higgs boson, as well as constraints on simplified models of dark matter, on first-generation scalar leptoquarks decaying to quarks and neutrinos, and on models with large extra dimensions. Several of the new limits, specifically for spin-1 dark matter mediators, pseudoscalar mediators, colored mediators, and leptoquarks, are the most restrictive to date.Peer reviewe

Combined searches for the production of supersymmetric top quark partners in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A combination of searches for top squark pair production using proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb(-1) collected by the CMS experiment, is presented. Signatures with at least 2 jets and large missing transverse momentum are categorized into events with 0, 1, or 2 leptons. New results for regions of parameter space where the kinematical properties of top squark pair production and top quark pair production are very similar are presented. Depending on themodel, the combined result excludes a top squarkmass up to 1325 GeV for amassless neutralino, and a neutralinomass up to 700 GeV for a top squarkmass of 1150 GeV. Top squarks with masses from 145 to 295 GeV, for neutralino masses from 0 to 100 GeV, with a mass difference between the top squark and the neutralino in a window of 30 GeV around the mass of the top quark, are excluded for the first time with CMS data. The results of theses searches are also interpreted in an alternative signal model of dark matter production via a spin-0 mediator in association with a top quark pair. Upper limits are set on the cross section for mediator particle masses of up to 420 GeV

Observation of tW production in the single-lepton channel in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV

A measurement of the cross section of the associated production of a single top quark and a W boson in final states with a muon or electron and jets in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV is presented. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 36 fb(-1) collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in 2016. A boosted decision tree is used to separate the tW signal from the dominant t (t) over bar background, whilst the subleading W+jets and multijet backgrounds are constrained using data-based estimates. This result is the first observation of the tW process in final states containing a muon or electron and jets, with a significance exceeding 5 standard deviations. The cross section is determined to be 89 +/- 4 (stat) +/- 12 (syst) pb, consistent with the standard model.Peer reviewe

Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults

Background Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5–19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI <18·5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). For schoolaged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI <2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference) and obesity (BMI >2 SD above the median). Findings From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and 42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining underweight or thinness. Interpretation The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesit