442 research outputs found
Stellar populations of galaxies in the ALHAMBRA survey up to . I. MUFFIT: A Multi-Filter Fitting code for stellar population diagnostics
We present MUFFIT, a new generic code optimized to retrieve the main stellar
population parameters of galaxies in photometric multi-filter surveys, and we
check its reliability and feasibility with real galaxy data from the ALHAMBRA
survey. Making use of an error-weighted -test, we compare the
multi-filter fluxes of galaxies with the synthetic photometry of mixtures of
two single stellar populations at different redshifts and extinctions, to
provide through a Monte Carlo method the most likely range of stellar
population parameters (mainly ages and metallicities), extinctions, redshifts,
and stellar masses. To improve the diagnostic reliability, MUFFIT identifies
and removes from the analysis those bands that are significantly affected by
emission lines. We highlight that the retrieved age-metallicity locus for a
sample of early-type galaxies in ALHAMBRA at different stellar
mass bins are in very good agreement with the ones from SDSS spectroscopic
diagnostics. Moreover, a one-to-one comparison between the redshifts, ages,
metallicities, and stellar masses derived spectroscopically for SDSS and by
MUFFIT for ALHAMBRA reveals good qualitative agreements in all the parameters.
In addition, and using as input the results from photometric-redshift codes,
MUFFIT improves the photometric-redshift accuracy by -, and it
also detects nebular emissions in galaxies, providing physical information
about their strengths. Our results show the potential of multi-filter galaxy
data to conduct reliable stellar population studies with the appropiate
analysis techniques, as MUFFIT.Comment: 31 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in A&
EL RIEGO DE PRECISIÓN EN EL CULTIVO DE FRESA EN LA PROVINCIA DE HUELVA
[ES] El cultivo de fresa es el cultivo con mayor repercusión económica y social de la
provincia de Huelva, ya que España es el principal productor de fresa fresca de Europa y el
segundo del mundo, situándose el 95% de esa producción en la provincia de Huelva. Sin
embargo, la zona donde se desarrolla el cultivo, el entorno del Parque Nacional de Doñana,
es una de las zonas de mayor sensibilidad ambiental de Europa y cualquier actividad que se
desarrolle debe evitar impactos negativos en el mismo. De lo anterior se deduce la
necesidad de buscar un equilibrio para que agricultura y medio ambiente puedan convivir en
el entorno de Doñana. Este trabajo se centra precisamente en eso, en optimizar el uso del
agua en la zona mediante la implantación del riego de precisión en el cultivo de fresa, que
consiste en dar a la planta el agua que necesita en el momento adecuado. La implantación
de un sistema de riego de precisión se ha llevado a cabo en la campaña 2013/2014 en una
finca comercial de la zona Almonte-El Rocío, provincia de Huelva. Para ello se ha
implantado un ensayo en 5 sectores distintos, cada uno con un tipo de emisor diferente, en
el que se realizó una programación óptima del riego basada en el cálculo de las
necesidades teóricas del cultivo, el análisis hidráulico del sector y el movimiento del agua en
el suelo, y cuyo comportamiento se comparó con un sector testigo manejado por el
agricultor. Estas técnicas permitieron ahorrar un 43% de agua, en las condiciones
particulares de suelo, variedad y configuración de la red riego de la finca de ensayo,
obteniéndose un ligero aumento de producción respecto al manejo tradicional del agricultor,
lo que se tradujo en un incremento de la rentabilidad del cultivo y de una mejora de la
sostenibilidad en la producción intensiva de fresas.Martín Arroyo, M.; Fernandez García, I.; Gonzalez Perea, R.; García Morillo, J.; Rodríguez Díaz, J.; Camacho Poyato, E.; Montesinos Barrios, P. (2015). EL RIEGO DE PRECISIÓN EN EL CULTIVO DE FRESA EN LA PROVINCIA DE HUELVA. En XXXIII CONGRESO NACIONAL DE RIEGOS. Valencia 16-18 junio de 2015. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/CNRiegos.2015.1462OC
The ALHAMBRA Survey: Bayesian Photometric Redshifts with 23 bands for 3 squared degrees
The ALHAMBRA (Advance Large Homogeneous Area Medium Band Redshift
Astronomical) survey has observed 8 different regions of the sky, including
sections of the COSMOS, DEEP2, ELAIS, GOODS-N, SDSS and Groth fields using a
new photometric system with 20 contiguous ~ filters covering the
optical range, combining them with deep imaging. The observations,
carried out with the Calar Alto 3.5m telescope using the wide field (0.25 sq.
deg FOV) optical camera LAICA and the NIR instrument Omega-2000, correspond to
~700hrs on-target science images. The photometric system was designed to
maximize the effective depth of the survey in terms of accurate spectral-type
and photo-zs estimation along with the capability of identification of
relatively faint emission lines. Here we present multicolor photometry and
photo-zs for ~438k galaxies, detected in synthetic F814W images, complete down
to I~24.5 AB, taking into account realistic noise estimates, and correcting by
PSF and aperture effects with the ColorPro software. The photometric ZP have
been calibrated using stellar transformation equations and refined internally,
using a new technique based on the highly robust photometric redshifts measured
for emission line galaxies. We calculate photometric redshifts with the BPZ2
code, which includes new empirically calibrated templates and priors. Our
photo-zs have a precision of for I<22.5 and 1.4% for
22.5<I<24.5. Precisions of less than 0.5% are reached for the brighter
spectroscopic sample, showing the potential of medium-band photometric surveys.
The global shows a mean redshift =0.56 for I=0.86 for
I<24.5 AB. The data presented here covers an effective area of 2.79 sq. deg,
split into 14 strips of 58.5'x15.5' and represents ~32 hrs of on-target.Comment: The catalog data and a full resolution version of this paper is
available at https://cloud.iaa.csic.es/alhambra
Lyman break and UV-selected galaxies at z ~ 1: II. PACS-100um/160um FIR detections
We report the PACS-100um/160um detections of a sample of 42 GALEX-selected
and FIR-detected Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) at z ~ 1 located in the COSMOS
field and analyze their ultra-violet (UV) to far-infrared (FIR) properties. The
detection of these LBGs in the FIR indicates that they have a dust content high
enough so that its emission can be directly detected. According to a spectral
energy distribution (SED) fitting with stellar population templates to their
UV-to-near-IR observed photometry, PACS-detected LBGs tend to be bigger, more
massive, dustier, redder in the UV continuum, and UV-brighter than
PACS-undetected LBGs. PACS-detected LBGs at z ~ 1 are mostly disk-like galaxies
and are located over the green-valley and red sequence of the color-magnitude
diagram of galaxies at their redshift. By using their UV and IR emission, we
find that PACS-detected LBGs tend to be less dusty and have slightly higher
total star-formation rates (SFRs) than other PACS-detected UV-selected galaxies
within their same redshift range. As a consequence of the selection effect due
to the depth of the FIR observations employed, all our PACS-detected LBGs are
LIRGs. However, none of them are in the ULIRG regime, where the FIR
observations are complete. The finding of ULIRGs-LBGs at higher redshifts
suggests an evolution of the FIR emission of LBGs with cosmic time. In an
IRX- diagram, PACS-detected LBGs at z ~ 1 tend to be located around the
relation for local starburst similarly to other UV-selected PACS-detected
galaxies at their same redshift. Consequently, the dust-correction factors
obtained with their UV continuum slope allow to determine their total SFR,
unlike at higher redshifts. However, the dust attenuation derived from UV to
NIR SED fitting overestimates the total SFR for most of our PACS-detected LBGs
in age-dependent way: the overestimation factor is higher in younger galaxies.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRA
Dual ifgMosaic: A Versatile Method for Multispectral and Combinatorial Mosaic Gene-Function Analysis
Improved methods for manipulating and analyzing gene function have provided a better understanding of how genes work during organ development and disease. Inducible functional genetic mosaics can be extraordinarily useful in the study of biological systems; however, this experimental approach is still rarely used in vertebrates. This is mainly due to technical difficulties in the assembly of large DNA constructs carrying multiple genes and regulatory elements and their targeting to the genome. In addition, mosaic phenotypic analysis, unlike classical single gene-function analysis, requires clear labeling and detection of multiple cell clones in the same tissue. Here, we describe several methods for the rapid generation of transgenic or gene-targeted mice and embryonic stem (ES) cell lines containing all the necessary elements for inducible, fluorescent, and functional genetic mosaic (ifgMosaic) analysis. This technology enables the interrogation of multiple and combinatorial gene function with high temporal and cellular resolution.This work was supported by grants to the PI R.B. from the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (SAF2013-44329-P, SAF2013-42359-ERC, and RYC-2013-13209) and European Research Council (ERC-2014-StG - 638028). S.P.-Q., M.F.-C., and I.G.-G. were supported by PhD fellowships from Fundacion La Caixa (CX-SO-2013-02, CX\_E-2015-01, and CX-SO-16-1, respectively). W.L. by a FP7-PEOPLE-2012-COFUND GA600396 postdoctoral contract. We thank Simon Bartlett for English editing, Ralf H. Adams for sharing the Cdh5(PAC)-CreERT2 mice, Jose Luis de La Pompa for comments throughout the project and for sharing the Tie2-Cre mice, Gonzalo Gancedo for the help with the mouse colony, Valeria Caiolfa for the help with the microscopy, and all the members of the CNIC gene targeting, transgenesis, cellomics, and microscopy units. The CNIC is supported by MEIC/MINECO and the Pro CNIC Foundation and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (SEV-2015-0505).S
Probing proton halo effects in the 8B+64Zn collision around the Coulomb barrier
Proton halo effects in the 8B+64Zn reaction at an energy around 1.5 times the Coulomb barrier have been studied at HIE-ISOLDE CERN using, for the first time, the only existing postaccelerated 8B beam. This, together with the use of a high granularity and large solid angle detection system, allowed for a careful mapping of the elastic angular distribution, especially in the Coulomb-nuclear interference region. Contrary to what is observed for the one-neutron halo nucleus 11Be on the same target in a similar energy range, the analysis of the elastic scattering angular distribution shows only a modest suppression of the Coulomb-nuclear interference peak, with no remarkable enhancement of the total reaction cross-section. Inclusive angular and energy distributions of 7Be produced in direct reaction processes have also been measured. The comparison of these data with the results of theoretical calculations for the elastic and non-elastic breakup contributions indicate that both processes are important. Overall, the experimental data suggest a 8B collision dynamics at the barrier very different from the one of neutron halo nuclei, showing only modest effects of coupling to continuum. This behaviour can be interpreted as due to the presence of the additional Coulomb interactions halo-core and halo-target together with the presence of the centrifugal barrier felt by the valence proton of 8B
Nuclear astrophysics with radioactive ions at FAIR
R. Reifarth et al: ; 12 págs.; 9 figs.; Open Access funded by Creative Commons Atribution Licence 3.0 ; Nuclear Physics in Astrophysics VI (NPA6)The nucleosynthesis of elements beyond iron is dominated by neutron captures
in the s and r processes. However, 32 stable, proton-rich isotopes cannot be formed during
those processes, because they are shielded from the s-process
ow and r-process -decay chains.
These nuclei are attributed to the p and rp process.
For all those processes, current research in nuclear astrophysics addresses the need for more
precise reaction data involving radioactive isotopes. Depending on the particular reaction, direct
or inverse kinematics, forward or time-reversed direction are investigated to determine or at least
to constrain the desired reaction cross sections.
The Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) will oer unique, unprecedented
opportunities to investigate many of the important reactions. The high yield of radioactive
isotopes, even far away from the valley of stability, allows the investigation of isotopes involved
in processes as exotic as the r or rp processes.This project was supported by the HGF Young Investigators Project VH-NG-327, EMMI, H4F,
HGS-HIRe, JINA, NAVI, DFG and ATHENA.Peer Reviewe
Effectiveness of acupuncture, special dressings and simple, low-adherence dressings for healing venous leg ulcers in primary healthcare: study protocol for a cluster-randomized open-labeled trial
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Venous leg ulcers constitute a chronic recurring complaint that affects 1.0–1.3% of the adult population at some time in life, and which corresponds to approximately 75% of all chronic ulcers of the leg. Multilayer compression bandaging is, at present, the only treatment that has been proved to be effective in treating this type of ulcer. There is no consensus, however, about the dressings that may be applied, beneath the compression, to promote the healing of this type of ulcer, as there does not seem to be any added benefit from using special dressings rather than simple, low-adherence ones. As well as analgesia, acupuncture provokes peripheral vasodilation, in skin and muscles – which has been demonstrated both experimentally and in clinical practice – probably due to the axon reflex, among other mechanisms. The aim of the present study is to measure the effectiveness and cost of compression treatment for venous leg ulcers combined with special dressings, in comparison with low-adherence ones and acupuncture.</p> <p>Methods/design</p> <p>Cluster-randomized open-labeled trial, at 15 primary healthcare clinics in the Sevilla-Sur Healthcare District, with a control group treated with compression bandaging and low-adherence dressings; the experiment will consist, on the one hand, of the compression treatment applied in combination with special dressings (Treatment 1), and on the other, the compression treatment applied in association with low-adherence dressings, together with acupuncture (Treatment 2).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>The results will be measured and recorded in terms of the median time elapsed until complete healing of the ulcer, and the rate of complete healing at 3 months after beginning the treatment. An economic analysis will also be made.</p> <p>This study, carried out in the context of real clinical practice, will provide information for decision-taking concerning the effectiveness of special dressings. Moreover, for the first time a high-quality study will evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture in the process of healing venous leg ulcers.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p>Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN26438275.</p
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