Nuevas localidades de especies interesantes en Doñana y la costa de Huelva (Sw España)

New floristic records of species for Doñana and Huelva (SW Spain) Palabras clave. Flora, Doñana, Calystegia soldanella, Herniaria cinerea, Trigonella monspeliaca, Viola lactea, Wolffia arrhiza, especies amenazadas.Key words. Flora, Doñana, Calystegia soldanella, Herniaria cinerea, Trigonella monspeliaca, Viola lactea, Wolffia arrhiza, threatened species

A manifesto for palaeodemography in the twenty-first century

J.C.F.’s contribution was funded by a Leverhulme Trust Early Career Fellowship (grant number: ECF-2016-128), a Hunt Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Wenner-Gren Foundation (grant number: 9862) and the UCL Institute of Archaeology. P.R. was funded by a British Academy Postdoctoral Fellowship (PF2\180065). J.F.-L.d.P. and S.L. have received funding from the European Research Council (ERC-CoG-2015) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 683018). S.L. was also supported by the Research Group Economic History and Development (Industry, Business and Sustainability) (grant no. 2017 SGR 1466), and J.F.L.d.P. by the grant no. 2018/040 from the CIDEGENT programme of Generalitat Valenciana

IAA : Información y actualidad astronómica (25)

Sumario : La química del Universo y el origen de la vida.-- Vida humana en el espacio.-- HISTORIAS DE ASTRONOMÍA: Desmenuzando la materia.-- Examen final al Modelo Estándar de Partículas.-- CIENCIA: PILARES E INCERTIDUMBRES : Evolución del análisis armónico.-- DECONSTRUCCIÓN Y otros ENSAYOS : Las distintas escalas de un agujero negro.-- ACTUALIDAD.-- ENTRE BASTIDORES.-- ACTIVIDADES IAA .Esta revista se publica con la ayuda FCT-08-0130 del Programa Nacional de Fomento de la Cultura Científica y Tecnológica 2008.N

IAA : Información y actualidad astronómica (22)

Sumario : Estrellas binarias: un matrimonio muy ventajoso.-- Mujeres y ciencia: rompiendo techos.-- La estrella más masiva.-- DECONSTRUCCIÓN Y otros ENSAYOS : Criterios termodinámicos en la evolución de agujeros negros.-- ACTUALIDAD.-- ENTRE BASTIDORES.-- CIENCIA: PILARES E INCERTIDUMBRES. Núcleos de galaxias activas .-- HISTORIAS DE ASTRONOMÍA: “Serendipia” cósmica.-- El increíble y asombroso viaje de Fotón. II Parte.-- ACTIVIDADES IAA.Esta revista se publica con la ayuda de la Acción Complementaria CCT005-06-00178 del Programa Nacional de Fomento de la Cultura Científica y Tecnológica.N

Effect of an early neurocognitive rehabilitation on autonomic nervous system in critically ill patients

Introduction Recent clinical and electrophysiological studies reveal a high incidence of autonomic nervous system (ANS) dys- function in patients treated in ICU [1]. ANS disturbances may produce diverse and unexpected consequences. For instance, critically ill patients are at risk of neurocognitive impairments that may persist after hospital discharge. Among various pathophysiological mechanisms proposed, ANS dysfunction leading cholinergic deficiency seems one of the most viable to explain the development of long-term sequelae. Heart rate variability (HRV) has been related to the activity of the prefrontal cortex [2] hence, prefrontal activation could help to strengthen the auto- nomic nervous system integrity. We are interested in assessing the improvement of the ANS dysfunction through neural circuits’ activation. Thus, we propose a novel therapy that could allow the reinforcing of ANS through an early neurocognitive intervention targeted to improve prefrontal activation. Objectives The aim of this study was to explore if the integrity of the ANS, via cardiac vagal tone, measured by the HRV can be modified after early neurocognitive rehabilitation in ICU patients. Methods A total of 17 critically ill patients received a 20-minute Early Neurocognitive Rehabilitation (ENR) session in their own bed in the ICU. HRV was derived from the recorded ECG signal during pre-session, session and post-session. Power in the specific frequency bands related to sympathetic and parasympathetic systems was computed (PLF and PHF for low and high frequency bands, respectively). PLF was computed within the clas- sic band, while PHF was computed within a band cen- tered at respiratory rate. Changes in the HRV parameters from pre-session to session, and from pre- session to post-session were studied using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results Clinical data of the sample are summarized in table 1. Comparing with baseline values, 9 patients (53%) showed a decreased PLF in post-session, while 8 patients (47%) presented a higher PLF (p = .759). In 12 patients (71%), PHF increased after the ENR session, suggesting an increase of parasympathetic activity (p = .836). Conclusions Diagnosis, severity of illness or medication could explain the differential effect in the evolution of the HRV para- meters among different patients. Despite differences, an early neurocognitive rehabilitation seems to increase parasympathetic activity after the session in the majority of the patients. Clinical characteristics of the critical ill patients should be further studied to determinate which patients could be the best candidates for early neurocog- nitive intervention

Ten-year follow-up of clinical governance implementation in primary care : Improving screening, diagnosis and control of cardiovascular risk factors

Altres ajuts: CAM was awarded a predoctoral scholarship from the Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol) (http: //www.idiapjordigol.com/index.php/ca/) (7Z06/003).protective effect of having a cardiovascular event (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.44-0.94) or death (HR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.35-0.88) was observed in patients from centres where general practitioners received high frequency feedback. Additionally, these PCCs presented improved cardiovascular health indicators and lower incidence and mortality by CVD, illustrating the impact of this intervention. Current improvement strategies for the control of cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) in Europe are based on quality management policies. With the aim of understanding the effect of interventions delivered by primary healthcare systems, we evaluated the impact of clinical governance on cardiovascular health after ten years of implementation in Catalonia. A cohort study that included 1878 patients was conducted in 19 primary care centres (PCCs). Audits that comprised 13 cardiovascular health indicators were performed and general practitioners received periodic (annual, biannual or monthly) feedback about their clinical practice. We evaluated improvement in screening, diagnosis and control of the main CRFs and the effects of the feedback on cardiovascular risk (CR), incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality, comparing baseline data with data at the end of the study (after a 10-year follow-up). The impact of the intervention was assessed globally and with respect to feedback frequency. General improvement was observed in screening, percentage of diagnoses and control of CRFs. At the end of the study, few clinically significant differences in CRFs were observed between groups. However, the reduction in CR was greater in the group receiving high frequency feedback, specifically in relation to smoking and control of diabetes and cholesterol (Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)). A

IAA : Información y actualidad astronómica (33)

Sumario : Las estrellas jóvenes “imitan” a los agujeros negros.-- La Nebulosa de la Pipa.-- Galaxias “guisante verde”.-- HISTORIAS DE ASTRONOMÍA. Palomas y elefantes.-- DECONSTRUCCIÓN Y otros ENSAYOS. Misión Sunrise.-- EL “MOBY DICK” DE... Martín Guerrero Roncel (IAA-CSIC).-- ACTUALIDAD.-- ENTRE BASTIDORES.-- CIENCIA: PILARES E INCERTIDUMBRES : Agujeros negros.-- ACTIVIDADES IAA, AGENDA Y RECOMENDADOS.N

Measuring track vertical stiffness through dynamic monitoring

[EN] This paper proposes a methodology for the evaluation of the track condition by means of the measurement of the track stiffness. This magnitude is calculated from vertical acceleration data measured at the axle box of trains during their normal operation. From the corresponding vertical acceleration spectra, the dominant vibration frequencies for each track stretch are identified and the combined stiffness is then determined. Then the stiffness without the contribution of the rail is calculated. The results obtained for a High Speed ballasted track in several track stretches are within the range 120-130 kN/mm, a result consistent with direct stiffness measurements taken during previous studies. Therefore, the proposed methodology may be used to obtain a first insight to the track condition by means of a continuous measurement of the track combined stiffness. This offers an alternative to traditional stationary stiffness measuring devices and might be a useful complement to dedicated continuous monitoring vehicles.Cano, MJ.; Martínez Fernández, P.; Insa Franco, R. (2016). Measuring track vertical stiffness through dynamic monitoring. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Transport. 169(1). doi:10.1680/jtran.14.00081S169

Genomics reveals the role of admixture in the evolution of structure among sperm whale populations within the Mediterranean Sea

In oceanic ecosystems, the nature of barriers to gene flow and the processes by which populations may become isolated are different from the terrestrial environment, and less well understood. In this study we investigate a highly mobile species (the sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus) that is genetically differentiated between an open North Atlantic population and the populations in the Mediterranean Sea. We apply high-resolution single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis to study the nature of barriers to gene flow in this system, assessing the putative boundary into the Mediterranean (Strait of Gibraltar and Alboran Sea region), and including novel analyses on structuring among sperm whale populations within the Mediterranean basin. Our data support a recent founding of the Mediterranean population, around the time of the last glacial maximum, and show concerted historical demographic profiles in both the Atlantic and the Mediterranean. In each region there is evidence for a population decline around the time of the founder event. The largest decline was seen within the Mediterranean Sea where effective population size is substantially lower (especially in the eastern basin). While differentiation is strongest at the Atlantic/Mediterranean boundary, there is also weaker but significant differentiation between the eastern and western basins of the Mediterranean Sea. We propose, however, that the mechanisms are different. While post-founding gene flow was reduced between the Mediterranean and Atlantic populations, within the Mediterranean an important factor differentiating the basins is probably a greater degree of admixture between the western basin and the North Atlantic and some level of isolation between the western and eastern Mediterranean basins. Subdivision within the Mediterranean Sea exacerbates conservation concerns and will require consideration of what distinct impacts may affect populations in the two basins