A singular guidance department in a school that has collaboration as identity sign

La educación inclusiva sigue siendo un reto de nuestra agenda educativa. Su construcción pasa necesariamente por procesos de colaboración entre diferentes agentes educativos e instituciones. Uno de los profesionales que puede tener un rol clave en este contexto es el orientador. Sin embargo, los estudios muestran que la colaboración entre los departamentos de orientación y otros agentes de la comunidad educativa es limitada. En concreto, el asesoramiento para la mejora del curriculum continúa siendo una tarea pendiente. Este trabajo es un estudio de caso único que muestra el modelo de trabajo de un departamento de orientación que ha reconfigurado de forma profunda su práctica con la intención de reducir los procesos de exclusión entre el alumnado y desarrollar un trabajo más colaborativo con los docentes y el asesoramiento en lo curricular. Las técnicas de recogida de información empleadas han sido: la entrevista, el grupo de discusión y la observación participante. Los resultados muestran que la reunificación de funciones entre los miembros del departamento de orientación, la docencia, el desarrollo de una orientación inclusiva y el trabajo para la mejora de la relación familia-escuela, son piezas fundamentales en el trabajo de estos profesionales.Inclusive education remains a challenge of our educational agenda. Its construction necessarily involves processes of collaboration between different educational agents and institutions. One of the professionals that can play a key role in this context is the counselor. However, studies show that collaboration between guidance departments and other agents of the educational community is limited. In particular, the advice for improving the curriculum continues to be an unresolved issue. This work is a unique case study that shows the working model of an guidancen department that has deeply reconfigured its practice with the intention of reducing the processes of exclusion among the students and developing a more collaborative work with the teachers and the curricular advice. The data collection techniques used were: the interview, the focus group and the participant observation. The results show that the reunification of functions among the members of the guidance deparment, the teaching, the development of an inclusive orientation and the work for the improvement of the family-school relationship, are fundamental pieces in the work of these professionals

The Process of Confinement of Learners with Autism Spectrum Disorders in Ordinary Schools due to COVID-19: A Qualitative Analysis of its Impact and Future Needs of Learners and their Families

The main objective of the study is to "give voice" to families who have children with Autism Spectrum Disorders to understand the impact on the teaching and learning process that confinement has generated because of COVID-19. To this end, 19 parents who have children with ASD from two autonomous communities have been voluntarily participating. All of them are in ordinary schools from kindergarten to higher education. Four focus groups have been developed as an information collection strategy. The results obtained show the support provided to their children by the school and how this support has contributed to their learning. Furthermore, they underline the difficulties that have limited the learning process, and also the social participation of their children as a fundamental dimension for families. These results also show the impact of the demands made by schools on family well-being, as well as their concerns regarding the incorporation of their children into the school. As will be shown, this situation has highlighted important factors in both policies and practices that are important for schools concerned with inclusion.El estudio que se presenta tiene como objetivo principal "dar voz" a familias que tienen hijos con Trastornos del Espectro Autista para conocer el impacto que tiene en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de estos la situación de confinamiento generada por la COVID-19. Para ello, se ha contado con la participación voluntaria de 19 progenitores con hijos TEA escolarizados en centros ordinarios desde las etapas de educación infantil hasta la educación superior de dos comunidades autónomas. Como estrategia de recogida de información se han llevado a cabo cuatro grupos de discusión. Los resultados obtenidos muestran los apoyos prestados por la escuela a sus hijos y que han contribuido a su aprendizaje. Asimismo, han hecho hincapié en las dificultades encontradas que lo han limitado, la participación social de sus hijos como dimensión fundamental para las familias, el impacto de las demandas realizadas por parte del centro en el bienestar familiar, así como sus preocupaciones en relación con la incorporación de estos a la escuela. Como se mostrará, esta situación ha puesto de manifiesto factores importantes tanto de las políticas como de las prácticas de centro relevantes para los centros que se preocupan por la inclusión

III Action Plan for People with Disabilities in Madrid Autonomous Community (2012-2015). Analysis and evaluation of the Educational Area within this plan

This paper presents the analysis and assessment of the Education Area of the Plan of Action for Persons with Disabilities in the Autonomous Community of Madrid (2012-2015), carried out after using a Delphi Method with a group of six experts. This work was aimed to make a formative evaluation of the Plan implemented, so that the analysis generated could be used by both managers of the next plan in project, as for educational stakeholders involved in the education field, but obviously, by people with disabilities as well, in order to support them to exercise effectively their rights. The synthesis document shows synthetically the main strengths of the plan but, mostly, the weaknesses or points to improve. Among these should be noted the need of a more efficient structure of programs and actions with clear indicators of achievement. Also there is a need of rethinking current models and areas of intervention, in order to those were much more consistent and coherent with the right to an education inclusive that has been established in the Convention of Rights of People with Disability, and with the models of understanding and intervention to improve their quality of life.Este trabajo presenta los análisis y valoraciones del Área de Educación del Plan de Acción de las Personas con Discapacidad de la Comunidad de Madrid (2012-2015), realizados tras utilizar la técnica Delphi con un grupo de seis expertos y expertas en educación. El propósito que ha guiado el trabajo ha sido realizar una evaluación formativa del plan implementado, de forma que los análisis generados sean de utilidad tanto para los gestores del próximo plan en proyecto, como para los agentes educativos implicados y, obviamente, para las personas del plan, en tanto que apoyo al ejercicio efectivo de sus derechos. El documento de síntesis elaborado muestra sintéticamente las principales fortalezas de dicho plan, pero, sobre todo, las debilidades o puntos a mejorar. Entre estos cabe señalar la necesidad de una estructuración más eficiente de programas y actuaciones con indicadores precisos de logro, así como la necesidad de replantear modelos y ámbitos de intervención que sean más coherentes con el derecho a una educación inclusiva que ha quedado establecido en la Convención de Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad y con los modelos de comprensión e intervención para la mejora de la calidad de vida de las personas con discapacidad, entre otros

III Action Plan for People with Disabilities in Madrid Autonomous Community (2012-2015): analysis and evaluation of the Educational Area within this plan

Este trabajo presenta los análisis y valoraciones del Área de Educación del Plan de Acción de las Personas con Discapacidad de la Comunidad de Madrid (2012- 2015), realizados tras utilizar la técnica Delphi con un grupo de seis expertos y expertas en educación. El propósito que ha guiado el trabajo ha sido realizar una evaluación formativa del plan implementado, de forma que los análisis generados sean de utilidad tanto para los gestores del próximo plan en proyecto, como para los agentes educativos implicados y, obviamente, para las personas del plan, en tanto que apoyo al ejercicio efectivo de sus derechos. El documento de síntesis elaborado muestra sintéticamente las principales fortalezas de dicho plan, pero, sobre todo, las debilidades o puntos a mejorar. Entre estos cabe señalar la necesidad de una estructuración más eficiente de programas y actuaciones con indicadores precisos de logro, así como la necesidad de replantear modelos y ámbitos de intervención que sean más coherentes con el derecho a una educación inclusiva que ha quedado establecido en la Convención de Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad y con los modelos de comprensión e intervención para la mejora de la calidad de vida de las personas con discapacidad, entre otrosThis paper presents the analysis and assessment of the Education Area of the Plan of Action for Persons with Disabilities in the Autonomous Community of Madrid (2012-2015), carried out after using a Delphi Method with a group of six experts. This work was aimed to make a formative evaluation of the Plan implemented, so that the analysis generated could be used by both managers of the next plan in project, as for educational stakeholders involved in the education field, but obviously, by people with disabilities as well, in order to support them to exercise effectively their rights.The synthesis document shows synthetically the main strengths of the plan but, mostly, the weaknesses or points to improve. Among these should be noted the need of a more efficient structure of programs and actions with clear indicators of achievement. Also there is a need of rethinking current models and areas of intervention, in order to those were much more consistent and coherent with the right to an education inclusive that has been established in the Convention of Rights of People with Disability, and with the models of understanding and intervention to improve their quality of lif

Análisis y valoración del Área de Educación del III Plan de acción para personas con discapacidad en la Comunidad de Madrid (2012-2015)

Este trabajo presenta los análisis y valoraciones del Área de Educación del Plan de Acción de las Personas con Discapacidad de la Comunidad de Madrid (2012-2015), realizados tras utilizar la técnica Delphi con un grupo de seis expertos y expertas en educación. El propósito que ha guiado el trabajo ha sido realizar una evaluación formativa del plan implementado, de forma que los análisis generados sean de utilidad tanto para los gestores del próximo plan en proyecto, como para los agentes educativos implicados y, obviamente, para las personas del plan, en tanto que apoyo al ejercicio efectivo de sus derechos. El documento de síntesis elaborado muestra sintéticamente las principales fortalezas de dicho plan, pero, sobre todo, las debilidades o puntos a mejorar. Entre estos cabe señalar la necesidad de una estructuración más eficiente de programas y actuaciones con indicadores precisos de logro, así como la necesidad de replantear modelos y ámbitos de intervención que sean más coherentes con el derecho a una educación inclusiva que ha quedado establecido en la Convención de Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad y con los modelos de comprensión e intervención para la mejora de la calidad de vida de las personas con discapacidad, entre otros

Entre el derecho a la educación inclusiva y la realidad: análisis del III plan de acción para personas con discapacidad de la comunidad de Madrid y propuestas

ABSTRACT This research is included in a larger project called "Madrid without barriers: disability and social inclusion" whose main objective is to analyze the III Plan of Action for Persons with Disabilities 2012-2015 in the Community of Madrid and contribute to the development of a future Plan. The objective of the study presented here is to collect the opinions of professionals from different educational areas regarding this III Plan, as well as to highlight the actions that, from their point of view, are priorities to facilitate the transformation of schools so as to be more inclusive. A fundamental reference for this work is General comment Nº. 4, Art. 24 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UN.CDP, 2016). 103 professionals from the Community of Madrid have participated in this study, and they have answered a questionnaire with open and closed questions. The results show the positive and negative aspects of the Plan perceived by these professionals (e.g. related to their dissemination, coherence and contribution to a more inclusive education system) and the action proposals related to the regulations, the support given to the centres and social awareness.RESUMENLa presente investigación se incluye en un proyecto más amplio denominado “Madrid sin barreras: discapacidad e inclusión social” cuyo principal objetivo es analizar el éxito del III Plan de Acción para Personas con Discapacidad 2012-2015 de la Comunidad de Madrid y contribuir a la elaboración de un marco para un futuro Plan. La finalidad del estudio que aquí se presenta es conocer la opinión de profesionales de diferentes ámbitos educativos sobre este Plan, así comoanalizar las acciones que, desde su punto de vista, son prioritarias para facilitar la transformación de los centros educativos para ser más inclusivos. Un referente fundamental del trabajo ha sido el Comentario nº 4 al artículo 24 de la Convención sobre los derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad (UN.CDP, 2016). Se ha contado con la participación de 103 profesionales de la Comunidad de Madrid, que han respondido a un cuestionario con preguntas abiertas y cerradas. Los resultados muestran los aspectos positivos y negativos del Plan percibidos por los profesionales (difusión, coherencia y aportación a un sistema educativo más inclusivo). Las propuestas de acción formuladas más inmediatas se relacionan con aspectos vinculados a la normativa, la transformación de los centros y la sensibilización social.ABSTRACTThis research is included in a larger project called "Madrid without barriers: disability and social inclusion" whose main objective is to analyze the III Plan of Action for Persons with Disabilities 2012-2015 in the Community of Madrid and contribute to the development of a future Plan. The objective of the study presented here is to collect the opinions of professionals from different educational areas regarding this III Plan, as well as to highlight the actions that, from their point of view, are priorities to facilitate the transformation of schools so as to be more inclusive. A fundamental reference for this work is General comment Nº. 4, Art. 24 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UN.CDP, 2016). 103 professionals from the Community of Madrid have participated in this study, and they have answered a questionnaire with open and closed questions. The results show the positive and negative aspects of the Plan perceived by these professionals (e.g. related to their dissemination, coherence and contribution to a more inclusive education system) and the action proposals related to the regulations, the support given to the centres and social awareness

Patients’ Opinions about Knowing Their Risk for Depression and What to Do about It. The PredictD-Qualitative Study

[Background] The predictD study developed and validated a risk algorithm for predicting the onset of major depression in primary care. We aimed to explore the opinion of patients about knowing their risk for depression and the values and criteria upon which these opinions are based. [Methods] A maximum variation sample of patients was taken, stratified by city, age, gender, immigrant status, socio-economic status and lifetime depression. The study participants were 52 patients belonging to 13 urban health centres in seven different cities around Spain. Seven Focus Groups (FGs) were given held with primary care patients, one for each of the seven participating cities. [Results] The results showed that patients generally welcomed knowing their risk for depression. Furthermore, in light of available evidence several patients proposed potential changes in their lifestyles to prevent depression. Patients generally preferred to ask their General Practitioners (GPs) for advice, though mental health specialists were also mentioned. They suggested that GPs undertake interventions tailored to each patient, from a “patient-centred” approach, with certain communication skills, and giving advice to help patients cope with the knowledge that they are at risk of becoming depressed. [Conclusions] Patients are pleased to be informed about their risk for depression. We detected certain beliefs, attitudes, values, expectations and behaviour among the patients that were potentially useful for future primary prevention programmes on depression.This work was supported by grants from the Andalusian Council of Health [grant reference: 2008/0195][www.juntadeandalucia.es/fundacionprogres​oysalud]; the Department of Health of the Basque Government [grant reference: 2008/111021][www.osakidetza.euskadi.net]; the Spanish Network of Primary Care Research “redIAPP” (RD06/0018), the “Aragón group” (RD06/0018/0020), the “Sant Joan de Deu group” (RD07/0018/0017), “Bizkaya group” (RD07/0018/0018), “Castilla-León group” (RD07/0018/0027) and the “SAMSERAP group” (RD06/0018/0039 and CTS-587) [www.rediapp.org]

Effectiveness of an intervention for improving drug prescription in primary care patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy:Study protocol of a cluster randomized clinical trial (Multi-PAP project)

This study was funded by the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias ISCIII (Grant Numbers PI15/00276, PI15/00572, PI15/00996), REDISSEC (Project Numbers RD12/0001/0012, RD16/0001/0005), and the European Regional Development Fund ("A way to build Europe").Background: Multimorbidity is associated with negative effects both on people's health and on healthcare systems. A key problem linked to multimorbidity is polypharmacy, which in turn is associated with increased risk of partly preventable adverse effects, including mortality. The Ariadne principles describe a model of care based on a thorough assessment of diseases, treatments (and potential interactions), clinical status, context and preferences of patients with multimorbidity, with the aim of prioritizing and sharing realistic treatment goals that guide an individualized management. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a complex intervention that implements the Ariadne principles in a population of young-old patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. The intervention seeks to improve the appropriateness of prescribing in primary care (PC), as measured by the medication appropriateness index (MAI) score at 6 and 12months, as compared with usual care. Methods/Design: Design:pragmatic cluster randomized clinical trial. Unit of randomization: family physician (FP). Unit of analysis: patient. Scope: PC health centres in three autonomous communities: Aragon, Madrid, and Andalusia (Spain). Population: patients aged 65-74years with multimorbidity (≥3 chronic diseases) and polypharmacy (≥5 drugs prescribed in ≥3months). Sample size: n=400 (200 per study arm). Intervention: complex intervention based on the implementation of the Ariadne principles with two components: (1) FP training and (2) FP-patient interview. Outcomes: MAI score, health services use, quality of life (Euroqol 5D-5L), pharmacotherapy and adherence to treatment (Morisky-Green, Haynes-Sackett), and clinical and socio-demographic variables. Statistical analysis: primary outcome is the difference in MAI score between T0 and T1 and corresponding 95% confidence interval. Adjustment for confounding factors will be performed by multilevel analysis. All analyses will be carried out in accordance with the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: It is essential to provide evidence concerning interventions on PC patients with polypharmacy and multimorbidity, conducted in the context of routine clinical practice, and involving young-old patients with significant potential for preventing negative health outcomes. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02866799Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

CIBERER : Spanish national network for research on rare diseases: A highly productive collaborative initiative

Altres ajuts: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.CIBER (Center for Biomedical Network Research; Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red) is a public national consortium created in 2006 under the umbrella of the Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII). This innovative research structure comprises 11 different specific areas dedicated to the main public health priorities in the National Health System. CIBERER, the thematic area of CIBER focused on rare diseases (RDs) currently consists of 75 research groups belonging to universities, research centers, and hospitals of the entire country. CIBERER's mission is to be a center prioritizing and favoring collaboration and cooperation between biomedical and clinical research groups, with special emphasis on the aspects of genetic, molecular, biochemical, and cellular research of RDs. This research is the basis for providing new tools for the diagnosis and therapy of low-prevalence diseases, in line with the International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC) objectives, thus favoring translational research between the scientific environment of the laboratory and the clinical setting of health centers. In this article, we intend to review CIBERER's 15-year journey and summarize the main results obtained in terms of internationalization, scientific production, contributions toward the discovery of new therapies and novel genes associated to diseases, cooperation with patients' associations and many other topics related to RD research

Hepatic levels of S-adenosylmethionine regulate the adaptive response to fasting

26 p.-6 fig.-1 tab.-1 graph. abst.There has been an intense focus to uncover the molecular mechanisms by which fasting triggers the adaptive cellular responses in the major organs of the body. Here, we show that in mice, hepatic S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe)—the principal methyl donor—acts as a metabolic sensor of nutrition to fine-tune the catabolic-fasting response by modulating phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) activity, endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contacts, β-oxidation, and ATP production in the liver, together with FGF21-mediated lipolysis and thermogenesis in adipose tissues. Notably, we show that glucagon induces the expression of the hepatic SAMe-synthesizing enzyme methionine adenosyltransferase α1 (MAT1A), which translocates to mitochondria-associated membranes. This leads to the production of this metabolite at these sites, which acts as a brake to prevent excessive β-oxidation and mitochondrial ATP synthesis and thereby endoplasmic reticulum stress and liver injury. This work provides important insights into the previously undescribed function of SAMe as a new arm of the metabolic adaptation to fasting.M.V.-R. is supported by Proyecto PID2020-119486RB-100 (funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033), Gilead Sciences International Research Scholars Program in Liver Disease, Acción Estratégica Ciberehd Emergentes 2018 (ISCIII), Fundación BBVA, HORIZON-TMA-MSCA-Doctoral Networks 2021 (101073094), and Redes de Investigación 2022 (RED2022-134485-T). M.L.M.-C. is supported by La CAIXA Foundation (LCF/PR/HP17/52190004), Proyecto PID2020-117116RB-I00 (funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033), Ayudas Fundación BBVA a equipos de investigación científica (Umbrella 2018), and AECC Scientific Foundation (Rare Cancers 2017). A.W. is supported by RTI2018-097503-B-I00 and PID2021-127169OB-I00, (funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) and by “ERDF A way of making Europe,” Xunta de Galicia (Ayudas PRO-ERC), Fundación Mutua Madrileña, and European Community’s H2020 Framework Programme (ERC Consolidator grant no. 865157 and MSCA Doctoral Networks 2021 no. 101073094). C.M. is supported by CIBERNED. P.A. is supported by Ayudas para apoyar grupos de investigación del sistema Universitario Vasco (IT1476-22), PID2021-124425OB-I00 (funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and “ERDF A way of making Europe,” MCI/UE/ISCiii [PMP21/00080], and UPV/EHU [COLAB20/01]). M.F. and M.G.B. are supported by PID2019-105739GB-I00 and PID2020-115472GB-I00, respectively (funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033). M.G.B. is supported by Xunta de Galicia (ED431C 2019/013). C.A., T.L.-D., and J.B.-V. are recipients of pre-doctoral fellowships from Xunta de Galicia (ED481A-2020/046, ED481A-2018/042, and ED481A 2021/244, respectively). T.C.D. is supported by Fundación Científica AECC. A.T.-R. is a recipient of a pre-doctoral fellowship from Fundación Científica AECC. S.V.A. and C.R. are recipients of Margarita Salas postdoc grants under the “Plan de Recuperación Transformación” program funded by the Spanish Ministry of Universities with European Union’s NextGeneration EU funds (2021/PER/00020 and MU-21-UP2021-03071902373A, respectively). T.C.D., A.S.-R., and M.T.-C. are recipients of Ayuda RYC2020-029316-I, PRE2019/088960, and BES-2016/078493, respectively, supported by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by El FSE invierte en tu futuro. S.L.-O. is a recipient of a pre-doctoral fellowship from the Departamento de Educación del Gobierno Vasco (PRE_2018_1_0372). P.A.-G. is recipient of a FPU pre-doctoral fellowship from the Ministry of Education (FPU19/02704). CIC bioGUNE is supported by Ayuda CEX2021-001136-S financiada por MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. A.B.-C. was funded by predoctoral contract PFIS (FI19/00240) from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) co-funded by Fondo Social Europeo (FSE), and A.D.-L. was funded by contract Juan Rodés (JR17/00016) from ISCIII. A.B.-C. is a Miguel Servet researcher (CPII22/00008) from ISCIII.Peer reviewe