Comparison of Selected Performance of Portfolio Investment Companies by Using of Grey Forecasting and Johnson’s Index in Tehran Stock Exchange Market

The purpose of resent research is to analysis and compares performance evaluation models of selected investment companies in Tehran Stock Exchange Market in the field of their portfolio management. The duration of research was between years 2009-2014. Statistical society the research is consisting of all active investment companies in in Tehran Stock Exchange Market which were 30 companies. Volume of research sample is by using of omit systematic method and also is by considering time of accepting in stock consisting of 14 companies. Data of research which are done based on compare couple and also gathered by financial ratio. Analysis process technic is used for compare couple analysis and used criteria weight determine in ash analysis. For determining company's priority based on financial ratio and weights of any of these companies; grey analysis is used. In present research all of the relations are approved by gain results. The result shows that there is no significant difference between obtained rankings by using of grey Forecasting Johnson ranking; it could be claim that there is no priority between grey forecasting and Johnson ranking. Results based on ranking of tested companies showed that criteria that used in this research were in same direction with liquidity criteria, so it is a confirmation of the fact that economic and accounting criteria could be a good and appropriate base for investors in selecting portfolio; and also that used criteria in the research is very powerful criteria for companies’ performance assessment

Towards coherent O-band data center interconnects

Upcoming generations of coherent intra/inter data center interconnects currently lack a clear path toward a reduction of cost and power consumption, which are the driving factors for these data links. In this work, the tradeoffs associated with a transition from coherent C-band to O-band silicon photonics are addressed and evaluated. The discussion includes the fundamental components of coherent data links, namely the optical components, fiber link and transceivers. As a major component of these links, a monolithic silicon photonic BiCMOS O-band coherent receiver is evaluated for its potential performance and compared to an analogous C-band device.TU Berlin, Open-Access-Mittel - 2021BMBF, 13N14932, Verbundprojekt: Photonic Embedding of Active Region LASER Chips on Silicon (PEARLS) - Teilvorhaben: Entwurf und Charakterisierung von eingebetteten, horizontal-gekoppelten Laser-Strukturen auf SiliziumEC/H2020/822002/EU/Lasercom-on-chip for next generation, high-speed satellite constelation interconnectivity/ORIONA

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Entropy of Stochastic Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets

EnIn this paper uncertainty measure of stochastic intuitionistic fuzzy sets due to hesitancy and randomness is proposed. It is extending of Deluca and Termini (1972) formula for IFSs

Eine hocheffiziente 40-Gbit/s-Modulatortreiberschaltung für die siliziumphotonische optische Kommunikation

In recent years, optical communication links using pluggable optical transceivers have become widespread in data centers, offering high communication bandwidth and low power consumption. Traditionally, hybrid photonics transceivers have been mostly based on the assembly of III-V photonic devices with silicon or other types of electrical drivers. The I/O pins and miniaturization required by long-term intra-chip communication are the major challenges to developing more efficient interconnection systems. Recently, monolithic electronic-Photonic Integrated Circuit (ePIC) technologies harness the integration of optoelectronic sub-systems, enabling a full integration of the optics module into the silicon substrate, giving rise to Silicon Photonics. This represents a breakthrough, improving the cost and compactness of optical transceivers. Currently, silicon photonics modulators are built on silicon on isolator substrates, which are compatible only with CMOS technologies. Baud rates beyond 50 GBaud in combination with high-order PAM modulation schemes are required for future 400 Gbps optical transceivers. This demands state-of-the-art improvements in the field of high-speed electrical and optical devices. As a result of these requirements, a unique technology has been recently reported that employs a single substrate with local photonic SOI areas (reserved for photonic devices) and adjacent bulk-silicon areas (reserved for BiCMOS devices and high-speed electrical drivers). In this thesis, multiple aspects of silicon photonics optical modulators are presented. Extensive knowledge regarding the electrical behavior of a depletion-type ring modulator is the most important requirement in designing high-speed driver ICs. Different high-frequency design techniques are presented. Cascode circuit as the base of the driver IC output stage is studied in detail. Traditionally, cascode structure has been employed to increase the output voltage swing. The main focus of the present thesis is to investigate a bandwidth optimization method by reducing the effective input capacitance of the driver IC output stage through device size reduction.Finally, a compact, inductor-less and highly efficient 40 Gbps driver IC using 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology. Explanations are provided for how the bipolar transistors must be sized to achieve their maximum speed while minimizing parasitic capacitances, the bandwidth limiting factor. Accurate modeling and design implementation have resulted in a full agreement between simulation and measurement results. Measurement results show an output voltage swing of 1 Vppd at 40 Gbps while driving 100 ohm differential load; (expecting 2 Vppd while driving an integrated ring resonator). The driver IC shows a differential gain of 16 dB and a -3 dB bandwidth of 33 GHz. This driver IC represents the fastest ring modulator driver demonstrating leading power efficiency of only 2:25 pJ=(bit / Vppd) compared to the latest state-of-the-art modulator driver operating above 25 Gbps.In den letzten Jahren sind optische Kommunikationsverbindungen mit steckbaren optischen Transceivern in Rechenzentren weit verbreitet. Traditionell basierten hybride Photonik-Transceiver zu meist auf einer Baugruppe aus photonischen Geräten des Typs III-V mit Silikon- oder anderen Arten von elektrischen Treibern. Die größten Herausforderungen bei der Entwickelung von effizienteren Verbindungssystemen sind die I/O-Pins und die Miniaturisierung, die für eine dauerhafte Intra-Chip-Kommunikation erforderlich sind. In jüngster Zeit nutzen monolithische EPIC-Technologien (Elektronic-Photonic Integrated Circuits; elektronisch-photonische integrierte Schaltungen) die Integration von optoelektronischen Subsystemen, die eine vollständige Integration des Optik Moduls in das Siliziumsubstrat ermöglicht, was zum Aufschwung der Silizium-Photonik beitrug. Dies stellt einen wichtigen Durchbruch dar, der sich positiv auf die Kosten und auf die Kompaktheit der optischen Transceiver auswirkt. Derzeit werden Silizium-Photonik-Modulatoren mit Silizium auf einer Isolierträgerschicht hergestellt, die nur mit CMOS-Technologien kompatibel sind. Für künftige optische Sende-Empfangsgeräte des Typs 400 Gbps benötigt man Baud-Raten jenseits von 50 Giga-Baud in Verbindung mit hochwertigen PAM-Modulationsverfahren. Dies verlangt nach aktuellsten Neuerungen auf dem Gebiet elektrischer und optischer Hochleistungsgeräte. Aufgrund solcher Anforderungen erschienen kürzlich Berichte über den Einsatz von Einzelsubstraten mit lokalen photonischen SOI-Gebieten (speziell für photonische Geräte) und angrenzende Gebiete mit solidem Silikon (speziell für BiCMOS-Geräte und elektrische Hochgeschwindigkeits-Treiber). In dieser Arbeit werden vielfältige Aspekte von optischen Silizium-Photonik-Modulatoren vorgestellt. Die wichtigste Voraussetzung, um High-Speed-Treiber-ICs zu konstruieren, sind umfangreiche Kenntnisse über das elektrische Verhalten eines Ringmodulators vom Verarmungs-Typ. Hierfür werden unterschiedliche Hochfrequenz-Designtechniken vorgestellt. Im Detail wurde die Kaskodenschaltung als Basis für Treiber-IC-Ausgangsstufen analysiert. Traditionell wurde die Kaskodenstruktur verwendet, um die Ausgangsspannungsschwingung zu erhöhen. Das Hauptaugenmerk der vorliegenden Arbeit liegt auf der Untersuchung einer Bandbreitenoptimierungsmethode durch Reduzierung des effektiven Inputs Kapazität der Treiber-IC-Ausgangsstufe durch Reduzierung der Vorrichtungs größe. Als Letztes wird ein kompakter, loser und hocheffizienter 40-Gbps-Treiberschaltkreis in 130-nm- SiGe-BiCMOS-Technologie präsentiert, wie die bipolaren Transistoren bemessen sein müssen, um ihre maximale Geschwindigkeit zu erreichen und gleichzeitig die parasitären Kapazitäten zu minimieren, die zur Begrenzung der Bandbreite beitragen. Die präzise Modellierung und Design-Implementierung führten zu einer völligen Übereinstimmung zwischen Simulation und Messergebnissen. Die Messergebnisse zeigen einen Ausgangsspannungshub von 1 Vppd bei 40 Gbps bei einer Differenzlast von 100 ohm (wobei 2 Vppd erwartet werden, wenn ein integrierter Ringresonator benutzt wird). Der Treiber-Schaltkreis zeigt eine Differenzverstärkung von 16 dB und eine Bandbreite von -3 dB bei 33 GHz. Dieser Treiber-IC stellt den schnellsten Ringmodulatortreiber mit der besten Energieeffizienz von nur 2,25 pJ/(Bit x Vppd) dar, verglichen mit Modulatortreibern nach aktuellem Stand der Technik, die mit über 25 Gbps arbeiten

Neonatal Bacteriemia Isolates and Their Antibiotic Resistance Pattern in Neonatal Insensitive Care Unit (NICU) at Beasat Hospital, Sanandaj, Iran

Bacteremia continues to result in significant morbidity and mortality, particularly among neonates. There is scarce data on neonatal bacteremia in among Iranian neonates. In this study, we determined neonatal bacteremia isolates and their antibiotic resistance pattern in neonatal insensitive care unit at Beasat hospital, Sanandaj, Iran. During one year, all neonates admitted to the NICU were evaluated. Staphylococcal isolates were subjected to determine the prevalence of MRS and mecA gene. A total of 355 blood cultures from suspected cases of sepsis were processed, of which 27 (7.6%) were positive for bacterial growth. Of the 27 isolates, 20 (74%) were Staphylococcus spp as the leading cause of bacteremia. The incidence of Gram negative bacteria was 04 (14.8%). The isolated bacteria were resistant to commonly used antibiotics. Maximum resistance among Staphylococcus spp was against Penicillin, and Ampicillin. In our study, the isolated bacteria were 7.5 % Vancomycin and Ciprofloxacin sensitive. Oxacillin disk diffusion and PCR screened 35% and 30% mec a positive Staphylococcus spp. The spectrum of neonatal bacteremia as seen in NICU at Beasat hospital confirmed the importance of pathogens such as Staphylococcus spp. Penicillin, Ampicillin and Cotrimoxazol resistance was high in theses isolates with high mecA gene carriage, probably due to antibiotic selection