Nivelul stigmatizării şi discriminării faţă de oamenii cu boli mintale în rândul adolescenților

Department of Psychiatry, Narcology and Medical Psychology, Public Institute State University of Medicine and Pharmacy „Nicolae Testemițanu”Abstract: World Health Organization (WHO) emphasize bringing mental health services to the community and to facilitate the inclusion of people with mental disabilities in society; one of the major obstacles which make this process difficult is the high stigma and discrimination against them. Purpose and objectives: To evaluate stigma and discrimination of people with mental health problems among adolescents. Materials and methods: The study included a total of 100 adolescents. The Attribution Questionaire for children (AQ-8-C) test, developed by Corrigan (2007), was administered in order to evaluate stigma among adolescents, before and after training. Results: The AQ-8-C Items for segregation and avoidance show the highest average (6,77 and 6,99 of a maximum of 9), which indicates that adolescents in our society don’t want to study together with persons with mental health problems, and tend to avoid those, considering them dangerous (average 5,15). Conclusion: The results of our study indicate that the level of stigma and discrimination against people with mental health problems is very high. In this way, it is very important to find methods to eradicate this phenomenon.Introducere: Organizaţia Mondială a Sănătăţii (OMS) accentuează necesitatea de a aduce serviciile de Sănătate Mintală mai aproape de comunitate şi de a facilita integrarea persoanelor cu dizabilităţi mintale în societate; un obstacol important în acest sens este nivelul înalt de stigmatizare şi discriminare faţă de aceste persoane, ceea ce face ca procesul de integrare să fie dificil. Scopul şi obiectivele: De a evalua nivelul de stigmatizare şi discriminare a persoanelor cu probleme de sănătate mintală în rândul adolescenţilor în Republica Moldova. De a compara nivelul de stigmatizare în rândul adolescenţilor, între România şi Repulbica Moldova. Materiale şi metode: Studiul a inclus în total 100 de adolescenţi. Pentru a evalua nivelul stigmatizării în rândul adolescenţilor a fost administrat testul AQ-8-C, dezvoltat de către Corrigan (2007). Rezultate: Itemii pentru segregare şi evitare din testul AQ-8-C au obţinut cea mai mare medie (6,77 şi 6,99 din 9 maxim), ceea ce ne arată că adolescenţii în societatea noastră nu doresc să înveţe împreună cu persoanele cu probleme de sănătate mintală, şi tind să-i evite, considerându-i periculoşi (media 5,15). Concluzii: Rezultatele studiului ne arată că nivelul stigmatizării şi discriminării faţă de persoanele cu probleme de sănătate mintală este foarte înalt. În acest sens este foarte important de a găsi metode pentru eradicarea fenomenului

New results on Coulomb interaction effects in relativistic heavy ion collisions

The effects of the Coulomb interaction on charged pion production in Au+Au collisions at RHIC-BES energies are studied. From pT spectra of charged pions measured with STAR experiment, the negative-to-positive pion ratios as a function of transverse momentum are obtained. Based of these pion ratio the finalstate Coulomb interaction can be investigated. The “Coulomb kick” (a momentum change due to Coulomb interaction) and initial pion ratio for RHIC-BES energies (7.7 GeV, 11.5 GeV, 19.6 GeV, 27 GeV and 39 GeV) and various centrality classes are obtained. The energy and centrality dependence of the Coulomb kick is presented. These results are connected with the kinetic freeze-out dynamics

The LBNO long-baseline oscillation sensitivities with two conventional neutrino beams at different baselines

The proposed Long Baseline Neutrino Observatory (LBNO) initially consists of $\sim 20$ kton liquid double phase TPC complemented by a magnetised iron calorimeter, to be installed at the Pyh\"asalmi mine, at a distance of 2300 km from CERN. The conventional neutrino beam is produced by 400 GeV protons accelerated at the SPS accelerator delivering 700 kW of power. The long baseline provides a unique opportunity to study neutrino flavour oscillations over their 1st and 2nd oscillation maxima exploring the $L/E$ behaviour, and distinguishing effects arising from $\delta_{CP}$ and matter. In this paper we show how this comprehensive physics case can be further enhanced and complemented if a neutrino beam produced at the Protvino IHEP accelerator complex, at a distance of 1160 km, and with modest power of 450 kW is aimed towards the same far detectors. We show that the coupling of two independent sub-MW conventional neutrino and antineutrino beams at different baselines from CERN and Protvino will allow to measure CP violation in the leptonic sector at a confidence level of at least $3\sigma$ for 50\% of the true values of $\delta_{CP}$ with a 20 kton detector. With a far detector of 70 kton, the combination allows a $3\sigma$ sensitivity for 75\% of the true values of $\delta_{CP}$ after 10 years of running. Running two independent neutrino beams, each at a power below 1 MW, is more within today's state of the art than the long-term operation of a new single high-energy multi-MW facility, which has several technical challenges and will likely require a learning curve.Comment: 21 pages, 12 figure

Compulsory admissions of patients with mental disorders : State of the art on ethical and legislative aspects in 40 European countries

Copyright: This record is sourced from MEDLINE/PubMed, a database of the U.S. National Library of MedicineBACKGROUND.: Compulsory admission procedures of patients with mental disorders vary between countries in Europe. The Ethics Committee of the European Psychiatric Association (EPA) launched a survey on involuntary admission procedures of patients with mental disorders in 40 countries to gather information from all National Psychiatric Associations that are members of the EPA to develop recommendations for improving involuntary admission processes and promote voluntary care. METHODS.: The survey focused on legislation of involuntary admissions and key actors involved in the admission procedure as well as most common reasons for involuntary admissions. RESULTS.: We analyzed the survey categorical data in themes, which highlight that both medical and legal actors are involved in involuntary admission procedures. CONCLUSIONS.: We conclude that legal reasons for compulsory admission should be reworded in order to remove stigmatization of the patient, that raising awareness about involuntary admission procedures and patient rights with both patients and family advocacy groups is paramount, that communication about procedures should be widely available in lay-language for the general population, and that training sessions and guidance should be available for legal and medical practitioners. Finally, people working in the field need to be constantly aware about the ethical challenges surrounding compulsory admissions.Peer reviewe

Compulsory admissions of patients with mental disorders : State of the art on ethical and legislative aspects in 40 European countries

Background. Compulsory admission procedures of patients with mental disorders vary between countries in Europe. The Ethics Committee of the European Psychiatric Association (EPA) launched a survey on involuntary admission procedures of patients with mental disorders in 40 countries to gather information from all National Psychiatric Associations that are members of the EPA to develop recommendations for improving involuntary admission processes and promote voluntary care. Methods. The survey focused on legislation of involuntary admissions and key actors involved in the admission procedure as well as most common reasons for involuntary admissions. Results. We analyzed the survey categorical data in themes, which highlight that both medical and legal actors are involved in involuntary admission procedures. Conclusions. We conclude that legal reasons for compulsory admission should be reworded in order to remove stigmatization of the patient, that raising awareness about involuntary admission procedures and patient rights with both patients and family advocacy groups is paramount, that communication about procedures should be widely available in lay-language for the general population, and that training sessions and guidance should be available for legal and medical practitioners. Finally, people working in the field need to be constantly aware about the ethical challenges surrounding compulsory admissions.Peer reviewe

Comparação termohigrométrica de sub-altitude em área urbana e rural em São Carlos, Brasil, por meio de VANT/DRONE.

A Radiossondagem de sub-altitude tem como objetivo mensurar os dados climatológicos em vários níveis verticais da atmosfera por meio de um equipamento denominado radiossonda. Além do mais, é conhecido que os diferentes tipos de uso e ocupação do solo (urbano, industrial, rural, florestal) alteram o balanço de energia entre a superfície e a atmosfera. Dessa forma, o estudo proposto tem como objetivo analisar e comparar os valores de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar próximo a superfície (1,5m de altura) e em diferentes alturas (50m e 190m da superfície) em área urbana e rural no município de São Carlos, Brasil, no período noturno em episódios de inverno, por meio de termohigrômetros acoplados em um Veículo Aéreo Não-Tripulado (Vant/Drone) do tipo quadricóptero (quatro hélices). O voo na área urbana foi realizado no dia 13/07/2018 e na área rural no dia 26/07/2018 entre 19:30 e 20:30. Os resultados demonstraram que na área urbana em períodos noturnos a temperatura e umidade relativa do ar são maiores próxima a superfície em relação aos dados de sub-altitude. Já na área rural em períodos noturnos a temperatura do ar é menor e a umidade relativa do ar é maior próximo a superfície em comparação aos dados de sub-altitude

Evidence that mammalian lignans show endogenous digitalis-like activities.

Enterolactone, a lignan that has been identified in biological samples from man and several mammals, shares with ascorbic acid and cardiac glycosides a gamma-butyrolactone. It displaces 3H-ouabain from its binding sites on cardiac digitalis receptor and inhibits, dose dependently, the Na+, K+-ATPase activity of human and guinea-pig heart. The time dependence of this inhibition resembles that of dihydroouabain, a cardiac glycoside in which the lactone ring does not contain conjugated double bonds. The active concentrations of enterolactone as inhibitor of Na+,K+-ATPase are in the 10(-4) M range and, at those concentrations, the cross-reactivity with antidigoxin antibodies is low. Lignans may contribute to the putative digitalis-like activity found in tissues, blood and urine of several mammals including man