Pyrolysis of floated Auto Shredder Residue fractions

This work has focused on car fluff recycling by meaning of separation techniques followed by pyrolysis. The main goals were sieving and floatation pre-treatment techniques testing and ASR conversion in oils and gases suitable for further refining as chemical building blocks, biodiesel or, at least, fuels. Pre-treatment tests revealed floatation to be a good method to sort polymers form the multi-material matrix, while sieving revealed to be not the optimal solution. In fact, fines (which accounts for an half of the total mass once sieved) present a cracking behaviour that is the same of the coarser fraction. Polymers and light components account for a 40% of the total raw mass and 25% of the fine fraction. Pyrolysis of the Raw ARS sample revealed a close to 20% conversion while floated samples produces more than 50% oils and around 10% gases, thus reaching almost 60% total useful conversion. A further floatation with water, separating foam rubber and polyolefin, increases pyrolysis yield of another 10%. Moreover, a sample consisting only of polyolefin reached 90% conversion revealing polyolefin to be particularly suitable for chemical recycling applications, thus a good material to use in cars when applying design for recycling criteria. Innovative recycling techniques will be important tools to reach ELV Directive targets in 2015, since a further 5% recycling rate is needed and because at present many studies focus on ASR energy recovery while material recycling target seems to be the hardest one to reach with current separation and recycling technologies. Moreover, eco-design effects are not expected in the short run. Thus, improving yield, obtaining lighter products and reducing solid residues and costs are still open challenges in which catalysers can play a key role. This study has revealed that reaching ELV directive recycling target is possible, thus further studies must be performed in this direction. A great innovation is expected in the next years due to the 85% recycling rate threshold approaching and chemical recycling is a strong candidate to do research on

O fetiche do eu autônomo: consumo responsável, excesso e redenção como mercadoria The fetish of the autonomous self: responsible consumption, excess and redemption as a commodity

Embora esteja no centro do projeto moderno, a ideologia de um eu autônomo ganha contornos novos a partir da segunda metade do século XX, quando começa a se delinear a sociedade "sem limites". O campo do consumo foi fértil na propagação dessa ideologia, embora nunca sugerisse abertamente que o consumidor assumisse a responsabilidade pelos seus atos. A esfera do consumo foi constituída longe de um olhar e discurso público centrados em uma política de autocontrole do consumidor. Mas, nos últimos quinze anos, começou a ganhar relevância o discurso do consumo responsável pelo meio ambiente. Objetiva-se refletir sobre esse discurso a fim de se compreender como ele sugere um retorno ao universo da proibição social e da culpa que parecia banida de uma sociedade que havia rompido com quase todos os limites sociais, e de como isso está gerando uma nova mercadoria: a redenção.<br>Although the ideology of the autonomous self has been in the center of Modern Project, it came with new shapes after the second half of the twenty century, when the society "unlimited" was born. The consumption field was "fertile" in the dissemination of that ideology, although never suggested clearly that the consumer had to assume the responsibility for his acts. The sphere of consumption was constituted far from a public discourse and view centered in a policy of self-control consumer. But, in the past fifteen years, it has appeared the discourse for responsible consumption regarding environmental issues. This article aims to reflect on this discourse, with an attempt to understand how it suggests a return to the universe of social prohibition and guilt that seemed to have been banned from a consumer society that had broken with almost all social limits, and how this is creating to a new commodity: redemption