Overexpression of the MYB29 transcription factor affects aliphatic glucosinolate synthesis in Brassica oleracea

Isothiocyanates, the bio-active hydrolysis products of glucosinolates, naturally produced by several Brassicaceae species, play an important role in human health and agriculture. This study aims at correlating the content of aliphatic glucosinolates to the expression of genes involved in their synthesis in Brassica oleracea, and perform functional analysis of BoMYB29 gene. To this purpose, three genotypes were used: a sprouting broccoli, a cabbage, and a wild genotype (Winspit), a high glucosinolate containing accession. Winspit showed the highest transcript level of BoMYB28, BoMYB29 and BoAOP2 genes, and BoAOP2 expression was positively correlated with that of the two MYB genes. Further analyses of the aliphatic glucosinolates also showed a positive correlation between the expression of BoAOP2 and the production of sinigrin and gluconapin in Winspit. The Winspit BoMYB29 CDS was cloned and overexpressed in Winspit and in the DH AG1012 line. Overexpressing Winspit plants produced higher quantities of alkenyl glucosinolates, such as sinigrin. Conversely, the DH AG1012 transformants showed a higher production of methylsulphinylalkyl glucosinolates, including glucoraphanin, and, despite an up-regulation of the aliphatic glucosinolate genes, no increase in alkenyl glucosinolates. The latter may be explained by the absence of a functional AOP2 gene in DH AG1012. Nevertheless, an extract of DH AG1012 lines overexpressing BoMYB29 provided a chemoprotective effect on human colon cells. This work exemplifies how the genetic diversity of B. oleracea may be used by breeders to select for higher expression of transcription factors for glucosinolate biosynthesis to improve its natural, health-promoting properties

Propuesta de Supply Chain Management y Logística para la empresa Bimbo Colombia S.A.S.

Pertenecemos al Grupo 15 del curso Diplomado de profundización en Supply Chain Management y Logística O.G 207115A-955; durante todo el proceso de diplomado hemos estudiado 10 unidades con diferentes temas y actividades en la cual completamos la planificación del sistema SCM y en este documento lo que hacemos es una compilación de todo el material que resultó de cada unidad; para la realización del diplomado debimos escoger una empresa sujeta de la planificación y en conjunto tomamos la decisión de que fuera la empresa Bimbo SAS ya que es una multinacional presente en tres continentes y muchos países con diferentes esquemas de logística (ver www.grupobimbo.com), lo cual nos permitía abarcar todos los temas de estudioWe belong to Group 15 of the Diploma course in Supply Chain Management and Logistics OG 207115A-955; Throughout the diploma process we have studied 10 units with different topics and activities in which we complete the planning of the SCM system and in this document what we do is a compilation of all the material that resulted from each unit; To carry out the diploma course, we had to choose a company subject to planning and together we made the decision that it be the Bimbo SAS company, since it is a multinational present on three continents and in many countries with different logistics schemes (see www.grupobimbo.com ), which allowed us to cover all the study topic

First Records for Spawning of Caribbean Acropora Species in Colombian MPAs

Estimates of Colombian Caribbean coral percent cover in the Southern Caribbean are consistent with those throughout the Caribbean Sea, which has declined to about 10% of historical levels in the last few decades. Human activities like destructive fishing techniques in the marine parks have degraded the reefs over the last few decades. Colombia’s Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) have thousands of square kilometers to map and patrol and few resources to devote to scientific and restoration efforts. Efforts to implement sexual reproduction techniques for restoration are starting to successfully propagate and settle corals on ceramic plates for reef deployment in the area but require more natural history information for large-scale implementation in restoration. Past observations of captive endangered coral Acropora cervicornis in the nursery of the Oceanario Islas del Rosario indicate spawning 6 days after the August full moon for the previous 3 years. Coral spawn collection from the wild reef was completed each night from 2 to 7 days after the full moon in August 2019, and resulted in the first observation of A. cervicornis spawning on natural reefs in Parque Nacional Natural Los Corales del Rosario y de San Bernardo, a 1,200 km2 underwater national park and MPA established in 1977. Additionally, coral spawn collection from the nursery reefs in August 2019 provide the first reported observations of spawning for endangered coral Acropora palmata in Colombia

Protocolo neuropsicopedagógico en la evaluación multidimensional del trastorno por déficit atencional/hiperactividad –TDAH–: Implementación de una experiencia investigativa.

Avances investigativos generados en la especialización en neuropsicopedagogía, adscrita al Programa de Psicología de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas de la Universidad de Manizales, permitieron proponer una aproximación multidimensional precisa, objetiva e integral para la caracterización neuropsicopedagógica de niños y niñas con Trastorno por Déficit Atencional/Hiperactividad –TDAH–. Dicha aproximación contempla también la evaluación neurofisiológica por medio de potenciales evocados cognitivos y la posibilidad de realizar un análisis automatizado de las bioseñales obtenidas. Lo anterior constituye una herramienta fundamental para implementar procesos de identificación del TDAH y para posteriores estudios sobre desórdenes de comportamiento en la población infantil. En particular, con la sistematización de perfiles neuropsicopedagógicos se pretende arrojar datos potencialmente útiles para el desarrollo de un sistema de evaluación informatizado con aplicabilidad en los campos clínico y educativo, lo cual permitirá no solo un mejor conocimiento del trastorno, sino también mejores criterios predictivos sobre el pronóstico y la respuesta de planes de intervención establecidos, entre otros. En este artículo se presentan los componentes que permitieron estructurar el protocolo neuropsicopedagógico y la articulación de los componentes neurofisiológicos y biomédicos, así como algunos resultados preliminares en cada uno de dichos componentes

10Kin1day: A Bottom-Up Neuroimaging Initiative.

We organized 10Kin1day, a pop-up scientific event with the goal to bring together neuroimaging groups from around the world to jointly analyze 10,000+ existing MRI connectivity datasets during a 3-day workshop. In this report, we describe the motivation and principles of 10Kin1day, together with a public release of 8,000+ MRI connectome maps of the human brain

Genotyping-by-sequencing highlights patterns of genetic structure and domestication in artichoke and cardoon

Exploiting the biodiversity of crops and their wild relatives is fundamental for maintaining and increasing food security. The species Cynara cardunculus includes three taxa: the globe artichoke, one of the most important Mediterranean vegetables, the leafy cardoon, and the wild cardoon. In this study, genotyping by sequencing (GBS) was successfully applied to reveal thousands of polymorphisms in a C. Cardunculus germplasm collection, including 65 globe artichoke, 9 leafy cardoon, and 21 wild cardoon samples. The collection showed a strong population structure at K = 2, separating the globe artichoke from the leafy and wild cardoon. At higher K values, further substructures were observed, in which the wild cardoon was separated from the leafy cardoon, and the latter included the Spanish wild cardoons, while the wild sample from Portugal was admixed. Moreover, subpopulations within the globe artichoke set were highlighted. Structure analysis restricted to the globe artichoke dataset pointed out genetic differentiation between the ?Catanesi? typology and all the other samples (K = 2). At higher values of K, the separation of the ?Catanesi? group still held true, and green headed landraces from Apulia region, Italy (?Green Apulian?) formed a distinct subpopulation. ?Romaneschi ? artichoke types fell in a variable group with admixed samples, indicating that they should not be considered as a genetically uniform typology. The results of principal component analysis and Neighbor-Joining hierarchical clustering were consistent with structure results, and in addition provided a measure of genetic relationships among individual genotypes. Both analyses attributed the wild material from Spain and Portugal to the cultivated cardoon group, supporting the idea that this might be indeed a feral form of the leafy cardoon. Different reproductive habit and possibly selective pressure led to a slower LD decay in artichoke compared to cardoon. Genotyping by sequencing has proven a reliable methodology to obtain valuable SNPs and assess population genetics in C. Cardunculus

Sweet Cherry Diversity and Relationships in Modern and Local Varieties Based on SNP Markers

The sweet cherry is an important fruit species that is widespread globally. In addition to the well-known traditional and modern varieties, a myriad of landraces is present in Europe, as well as in southern Italy. This study aims to evaluate the population structure, genetic relationships, and cases of duplicate samples in a collection of 143 accessions using GBS-derived SNP markers. The genetic material under investigation includes modern commercial varieties, ancient European and American varieties, landraces, and individuals retrieved from small orchards. Some of the known varieties were genetically analyzed here for the first time. In addition, several genotypes were collected from the Basilicata region (southern Italy), an area largely unexplored for sweet cherry genetic resources. The relationships among genotypes were assessed using four different methods: allele frequency and ancestry estimation, principal component analysis, Neighbor-Joining tree, and identity-by-state estimation. The analyses returned quite congruent results and highlighted the presence of four main genetic groups, namely: (i) American varieties, (ii) the ‘Germersdorfer-Ferrovia’ cluster, (iii) the ‘Burlat’ group, and (iv) the group of Italian landraces. The main drivers of clustering were ancestry, geographical distribution, and some important traits such as self-compatibility. The sweet cherries from Basilicata, herewith examined for the first time, were mostly distributed within the group of Italian landraces, being particularly linked to the autochthonous varieties of the Campania region. However, some genotypes were outside this group, thus suggesting the introduction of genetic material from other Italian regions or from European countries. The considerable amount of American and European modern varieties analyzed are genetically very closely related, suggesting a reduced genetic basis. In addition, we highlighted the discriminating ability of SNP markers to distinguish between an original variety and its mutant. Overall, our results may be useful in defining conservation strategies for sweet cherry germplasm and developing future breeding programs to enlarge the genetic basis of commercial varieties