Extensions Temps-Réel pour Exo-Noyau Embarqué

Les cartes à puces sont des petits objets portables axés principalement sur la sécurité ($10^9$ unités vendues principalement en Asie et en Europe). Afin de permettre aux logiciels encartés de supporter plus de services, les systèmes d'exploitation pour cartes ont évolué d'une plateforme d'exécution monolithique dédiée vers des architectures systèmes plus ouvertes qui supportent le chargement dynamique de code. Cet article présente les problèmes temps-réel du système d'exploitation pour carte Camille, qui présente les caractéristiques suivantes : chargement dynamique de code, vérification de type embarquée, compilation à la volée, et chargement dynamique de composants systèmes. D'une manière plus générale, il traite des difficultés à accorder les extensions temps-réel avec les principes des exo-noyaux

Enantioselectivity of human AMP, dTMP and UMP-CMP kinases

l-Nucleoside analogues such as lamivudine are active for treating viral infections. Like d-nucleosides, the biological activity of the l-enantiomers requires their stepwise phosphorylation by cellular or viral kinases to give the triphosphate. The enantioselectivity of NMP kinases has not been thoroughly studied, unlike that of deoxyribonucleoside kinases. We have therefore investigated the capacity of l-enantiomers of some natural (d)NMP to act as substrates for the recombinant forms of human uridylate-cytidylate kinase, thymidylate kinase and adenylate kinases 1 and 2. Both cytosolic and mitochondrial adenylate kinases were strictly enantioselective, as they phosphorylated only d-(d)AMP. l-dTMP was a substrate for thymidylate kinase, but with an efficiency 150-fold less than d-dTMP. Both l-dUMP and l-(d)CMP were phosphorylated by UMP-CMP kinase although much less efficiently than their natural counterparts. The stereopreference was conserved with the 2′-azido derivatives of dUMP and dUMP while, unexpectedly, the 2′-azido-d-dCMP was a 4-fold better substrate for UMP-CMP kinase than was CMP. Docking simulations showed that the small differences in the binding of d-(d)NMP to their respective kinases could account for the differences in interactions of the l-isomers with the enzymes. This in vitro information was then used to develop the in vivo activation pathway for l-dT

Alexandri Xaverii Panelii, e Societate Jesu presbyteri De cistophoris

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Etude bioanthropologique et analyse des rituels funéraires de quatre sépultures plurielles du Premier âge du Fer de la nécropole de « Don Bosco » à Sion (Suisse, Valais)

La nécropole de Don Bosco à Sion en Suisse a été découverte en 1999 lors de l'aménagement d'un parking. Depuis 2003, plusieurs campagnes de fouille ont mis au jour 39 tumuli et 100 tombes datées du Ha B au Ha D. La grande majorité sont des tombes individuelles. Cependant, quatre structures ont livré plusieurs individus. Dans le cadre de ce travail, nous nous sommes attachés à déterminer les spécificités propres à ces tombes plurielles pour tenter de déterminer les raisons qui ont mené occasionnellement les Hommes de l'âge du Fer à enterrer plusieurs individus dans une même tombe. Pour cela, nous avons restitué à partir des données de terrain, les faits et gestes funéraires qui ont mené à ces ensembles et nous avons établi l'identité biologique et l'état sanitaire des individus qui y sont inhumés. Il apparait qu'un

First documented records of Pearly-breasted Cuckoo Coccyzus euleri for French Guiana, and an overlooked specimen from Ecuador

Volume: 131Start Page: 128End Page: 13

Enantio-selectivity of human nucleoside monophosphate kinases

Over recent years, there has been a renewed interest in the development of L-nucleosides as safe and efficacious drugs for the treatment of viral infections. Biological activity of these compounds requires phosphorylation to their triphosphate form, involving nucleoside monophosphate kinases in the second step. In order to characterize the activation pathway of L-nucleosides of the pyrimidine series, we studied the enantio-selectivity of human uridylate-cytidylate and thymidylate kinases. The results showed that these enzymes are only weakly enantio-selective and are thus probably involved in the activation of L-nucleosides in vivo. An activation pathway for telbivudine (L-dT) was therefore proposed.status: publishe

Endovascular treatment of a tuberculous infected aneurysm of the descending thoracic aorta: A word of caution

An infected aneurysm of the thoracic aorta due to mycobacterium tuberculosis is an unusual entity for which the classical treatment is antituberculosis chemotherapy and open-chest surgery. Recent improvements in endovascular treatments have led to their proposed use for infected aneurysms in patients for whom open surgery poses too high a risk. We report on a 68-year-old man with a tuberculous aortic aneurysm who had been treated with an endoprosthesis and antituberculosis chemotherapy. His clinical and radiological follow-up was uneventful and led to the discontinuation of pharmacological treatment after 16 months. However, a recurrence of the infection led to a fatal aortic rupture 4 months after discontinuation of therapy