Decoding Pure Rotational Molecular Spectra for Asymmetric Molecules

In this paper we demonstrate how asymmetric molecular rotational spectra may be introduced to students both "pictorially" and with simple formulae. It is shown that the interpretation of such spectra relies heavily upon pattern recognition. The presentation of some common spectral patterns in near-prolate asymmetric rotational spectra provides a means by which spectral assignment, and approximate rotational constant determination, may be usefully explored in the physics and chemistry classrooms. To aid in this endeavor we have created a supporting, free, web page and mobile web page.Comment: 20 pages, 11 figure

Surface radiation budget for climate applications

The Surface Radiation Budget (SRB) consists of the upwelling and downwelling radiation fluxes at the surface, separately determined for the broadband shortwave (SW) (0 to 5 micron) and longwave (LW) (greater than 5 microns) spectral regions plus certain key parameters that control these fluxes, specifically, SW albedo, LW emissivity, and surface temperature. The uses and requirements for SRB data, critical assessment of current capabilities for producing these data, and directions for future research are presented

Inference of stratospheric temperature and moisture profiles from observations of the infrared horizon Final report

Stratospheric and mesospheric temperature and moisture profiles determined from infrared horizon observation

Study of the average vertical distribution of temperature in the martian atmosphere final report

Convective-radiative equilibrium model for computing temperature profile - vertical temperature distribution in Martian atmospher

The meteorology of Mars and Venus Final report

Meteorology of Mars and Venu

Planetary meteorology

Meteorology of planets Mars, Venus, and Jupite

Aerometry instrumentation study Final report

Techniques and instruments for meteorological measurements in Mars and Venus atmosphere

The effects of ground hydrology on climate sensitivity to solar constant variations

The effects of two different evaporation parameterizations on the climate sensitivity to solar constant variations are investigated by using a zonally averaged climate model. The model is based on a two-level quasi-geostrophic zonally averaged annual mean model. One of the evaporation parameterizations tested is a nonlinear formulation with the Bowen ratio determined by the predicted vertical temperature and humidity gradients near the earth's surface. The other is the linear formulation with the Bowen ratio essentially determined by the prescribed linear coefficient

Radiative transfer and the thermal structure of planetary atmospheres

Radiative heat transfer and thermal structure of planetary atmosphere

Studies in planetary meteorology Annual technical report

Radiation balance model for calculating surface temperature on Venu