Sédimentologie, paléontologie et paléoenvironnements côtiers de la région de Porrentruy (Sud-Rhénan, Paléogène, Jura, Suisse): implications géodynamiques

Abstract.: Located in the distal part of the Swiss Molasse Basin and in the southern extension of the Rhine Graben, the conglomeratic deposits belonging to the Gompholithes & Conglomérats stratigraphic group have been the object of detailed sedimentological and paleontological studies. The great number of outcrops that came into sight during the building works of the Transjurane highway in the vicinity of Porrentruy (Swiss Jura) lead to a better understanding of Rupelian paleoenvironments (Early Oligocene). The sedimentological and paleontological studies reveal the existence of coastal environments with Mesozoic limestone cliffs notched by canyons with torrential rivers. Those rivers eroding the Mesozoic series create pebbles deposits forming marine deltas prograding towards North. In protected areas, some lacustrine environments can develop. These conglomeratic deposits are strongly bound to the Rupelian tectonic activity. The rhenish distension and the activity of the transform faults located between the Rhine Graben and the Bresse basin divide the Mesozoic blocks in horst and graben structures, thus allowing the erosion of sediments in higher regions (horst) and their transport in lower zones (graben). The discovery of rare pebbles made of endogene and effusive rocks in those conglomeratic deposits shows a transport coming from the Vosges massifs towards south to the Porrentruy region, probably with the support of a littoral drift. Although the surrection of the Vosges and Schwarzwald massifs (and the beginning of their erosion) is normally attributed to the base of the Miocene, the presence of those pebbles attests the existence of faults putting the basement of the Vosges massif to erosion since the base of Rupelia

Aprendizaje cooperativo: una nueva metodología motivadora para el alumno

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Paleogeography of the Upper Rhine Graben (URG) and the Swiss Molasse Basin (SMB) from Eocene to Pliocene

Twenty paleogeographic maps are presented for Middle Eocene (Lutetian) to Late Pliocene times according to the stratigraphical data given in the companion paper by Berger et al. this volume. Following a first lacustrine-continental sedimentation during the Middle Eocene, two and locally three Rupelian transgressive events were identified with the first corresponding with the Early Rupelian Middle Pechelbronn beds and the second and third with the Late Rupelian ≪ Serie Grise ≫ (Fischschiefer and equivalents). During the Early Rupelian (Middle Pechelbronn beds), a connection between North Sea and URG is clearly demonstrated, but a general connection between North Sea, URG and Paratethys, via the Alpine sea, is proposed, but not proved, during the late Rupelian. Whereas in the southern URG, a major hiatus spans Early Aquitanian to Pliocene times, Early and Middle Miocene marine, brackish and freshwater facies occur in the northern URG and in the Molasse Basin (OMM, OSM); however, no marine connections between these basins could be demonstrated during this time. After the deposition of the molasse series, a very complex drainage pattern developed during the Late Miocene and Pliocene, with a clear connection to the Bresse Graben during the Piacenzian (Sundgau gravels). During the Late Miocene, Pliocene and Quaternary sedimentation persisted in the northern URG with hardly any interruptions. The present drainage pattern of the Rhine river (from Alpine area to the lower Rhine Embayment) was not established before the Early Pleistocen

Altimetry for the future: Building on 25 years of progress

In 2018 we celebrated 25 years of development of radar altimetry, and the progress achieved by this methodology in the fields of global and coastal oceanography, hydrology, geodesy and cryospheric sciences. Many symbolic major events have celebrated these developments, e.g., in Venice, Italy, the 15th (2006) and 20th (2012) years of progress and more recently, in 2018, in Ponta Delgada, Portugal, 25 Years of Progress in Radar Altimetry. On this latter occasion it was decided to collect contributions of scientists, engineers and managers involved in the worldwide altimetry community to depict the state of altimetry and propose recommendations for the altimetry of the future. This paper summarizes contributions and recommendations that were collected and provides guidance for future mission design, research activities, and sustainable operational radar altimetry data exploitation. Recommendations provided are fundamental for optimizing further scientific and operational advances of oceanographic observations by altimetry, including requirements for spatial and temporal resolution of altimetric measurements, their accuracy and continuity. There are also new challenges and new openings mentioned in the paper that are particularly crucial for observations at higher latitudes, for coastal oceanography, for cryospheric studies and for hydrology. The paper starts with a general introduction followed by a section on Earth System Science including Ocean Dynamics, Sea Level, the Coastal Ocean, Hydrology, the Cryosphere and Polar Oceans and the ‘‘Green” Ocean, extending the frontier from biogeochemistry to marine ecology. Applications are described in a subsequent section, which covers Operational Oceanography, Weather, Hurricane Wave and Wind Forecasting, Climate projection. Instruments’ development and satellite missions’ evolutions are described in a fourth section. A fifth section covers the key observations that altimeters provide and their potential complements, from other Earth observation measurements to in situ data. Section 6 identifies the data and methods and provides some accuracy and resolution requirements for the wet tropospheric correction, the orbit and other geodetic requirements, the Mean Sea Surface, Geoid and Mean Dynamic Topography, Calibration and Validation, data accuracy, data access and handling (including the DUACS system). Section 7 brings a transversal view on scales, integration, artificial intelligence, and capacity building (education and training). Section 8 reviews the programmatic issues followed by a conclusion

Altimetry for the future: building on 25 years of progress

In 2018 we celebrated 25 years of development of radar altimetry, and the progress achieved by this methodology in the fields of global and coastal oceanography, hydrology, geodesy and cryospheric sciences. Many symbolic major events have celebrated these developments, e.g., in Venice, Italy, the 15th (2006) and 20th (2012) years of progress and more recently, in 2018, in Ponta Delgada, Portugal, 25 Years of Progress in Radar Altimetry. On this latter occasion it was decided to collect contributions of scientists, engineers and managers involved in the worldwide altimetry community to depict the state of altimetry and propose recommendations for the altimetry of the future. This paper summarizes contributions and recommendations that were collected and provides guidance for future mission design, research activities, and sustainable operational radar altimetry data exploitation. Recommendations provided are fundamental for optimizing further scientific and operational advances of oceanographic observations by altimetry, including requirements for spatial and temporal resolution of altimetric measurements, their accuracy and continuity. There are also new challenges and new openings mentioned in the paper that are particularly crucial for observations at higher latitudes, for coastal oceanography, for cryospheric studies and for hydrology. The paper starts with a general introduction followed by a section on Earth System Science including Ocean Dynamics, Sea Level, the Coastal Ocean, Hydrology, the Cryosphere and Polar Oceans and the “Green” Ocean, extending the frontier from biogeochemistry to marine ecology. Applications are described in a subsequent section, which covers Operational Oceanography, Weather, Hurricane Wave and Wind Forecasting, Climate projection. Instruments’ development and satellite missions’ evolutions are described in a fourth section. A fifth section covers the key observations that altimeters provide and their potential complements, from other Earth observation measurements to in situ data. Section 6 identifies the data and methods and provides some accuracy and resolution requirements for the wet tropospheric correction, the orbit and other geodetic requirements, the Mean Sea Surface, Geoid and Mean Dynamic Topography, Calibration and Validation, data accuracy, data access and handling (including the DUACS system). Section 7 brings a transversal view on scales, integration, artificial intelligence, and capacity building (education and training). Section 8 reviews the programmatic issues followed by a conclusion

Chapitre 4. Un quartier de Faubourg de la ville médiévale et moderne

Après quelques siècles « silencieux », du moins du point de vue des vestiges matériels, la réoccupation concrète du site intervient vers la fin du XIIIe siècle. À l’image de la création du quartier antique, le développement du quartier médiéval est progressif et débute par l’implantation, somme toute éparse, de bâtiments de fonctions diverses. 4.1. ENTRE BAS MOYEN ÂGE ET ÉPOQUE MODERNE. SANCTI ADIUTORIS, UNE PAROISSE SUBURBAINE DE CLERMONT. L’APPORT DES SOURCES TEXTUELLES (JP) 4.1.1. UNE URBA..

Chapitre 3. Entre occupation ponctuelle, abandon et récupération de matériaux (état 5 : Antiquité tardive-Haut Moyen âge)

Fig. 76 - Plan des vestiges de l’état 5. Fig. 77 - Les niveaux de destruction du bâtiment C. Fig. 78 - Les bois du niveau de destruction du bâtiment B. Le cinquième état d’occupation du site est de loin le plus complexe à aborder tant chronologiquement que matériellement (fig. 76). Certains édifices sont encore occupés tandis que l’on commence, probablement dans le même temps, à procéder à de premières récupérations de matériaux. Cette étape de la vie du quartier, conduisant à terme à l’ab..

Sédimentologie, paléontologie et paléoenvironnements côtiers de la région de Porrentruy (Sud-Rhénan, Paléogène, Jura, Suisse): implications géodynamiques

Situés dans la partie la plus distale du bassin molassique suisse et dans le prolongement sud du fossé rhénan, les dépôts conglomératiques appartenant au groupe stratigraphique des Gompholithes & Conglomérats ont fait l’objet d’une étude sédimentologique et paléontologique détaillée. La multitude des affleurements réalisés lors des travaux de construction de l’autoroute Transjurane dans la région de Porrentruy (Jura), permet d’appréhender ces paléoenvironnements rupéliens (Oligocène inférieur). Les études sédimentologiques et paléontologiques révèlent l’existence d’environnements côtiers avec des falaises de calcaires mésozoïques entaillées par des canyons où se trouvent des rivières au régime torrentiel. Ces rivières qui érodent les couches du Mésozoïque créent des galets qui sont déposés sous la forme de deltas marins progradant vers le nord. A l’abri des exutoires des canyons se développent quelques environnements lacustres. Ces dépôts conglomératiques sont fortement liés à l’activité tectonique rupélienne. La distension rhénane et l’activité de la faille transformante située entre le fossé rhénan et le bassin de la Bresse subdivisent les différents blocs mésozoïques en horsts et grabens, permettant ainsi l’érosion des sédiments dans les parties hautes (horst) et leur transport dans les zones basses (graben). La découverte de rares galets de roches endogènes et effusives dans les dépôts conglomératiques montre un transport du socle des Vosges vers le sud dans la région de Porrentruy par l’intermédiaire sans doute d’une dérive littorale. Bien que la surrection des Vosges et de la Forêt-Noire et leur mise à l’érosion soient connues dès la base du Miocène, la présence de ces galets atteste l’existence de failles dès le début du Rupélien qui mettent à l’érosion le socle du massif des Vosges.Located in the distal part of the Swiss Molasse Basin and in the southern extension of the Rhine Graben, the conglomeratic deposits belonging to the Gompholithes & Conglomérats stratigraphic group have been the object of detailed sedimentological and paleontological studies. The great number of outcrops that came into sight during the building works of the Transjurane highway in the vicinity of Porrentruy (Swiss Jura) lead to a better understanding of Rupelian paleoenvironments (Early Oligocene). The sedimentological and paleontological studies reveal the existence of coastal environments with Mesozoic limestone cliffs notched by canyons with torrential rivers. Those rivers eroding the Mesozoic series create pebbles deposits forming marine deltas prograding towards North. In protected areas, some lacustrine environments can develop. These conglomeratic deposits are strongly bound to the Rupelian tectonic activity. The rhenish distension and the activity of the transform faults located between the Rhine Graben and the Bresse basin divide the Mesozoic blocks in horst and graben structures, thus allowing the erosion of sediments in higher regions (horst) and their transport in lower zones (graben). The discovery of rare pebbles made of endogene and effusive rocks in those conglomeratic deposits shows a transport coming from the Vosges massifs towards south to the Porrentruy region, probably with the support of a littoral drift. Although the surrection of the Vosges and Schwarzwald massifs (and the beginning of their erosion) is normally attributed to the base of the Miocene, the presence of those pebbles attests the existence of faults putting the basement of the Vosges massif to erosion since the base of Rupelian.Im distalsten Teil des schweizerischen Molasse-Beckens und in der Südverlängerung des Rheingrabens befinden sich die Konglomeratablagerungen der stratigraphischen Gruppe Gompholithes & Conglomérats, die hier einer sedimentologischen und paläontologischen detaillierten Studie unterzogen werden. Die zahlreichen Aufschlüsse, die beim Bau der Autobahn Transjurane in der Region von Porrentruy (Jura) zu Tage getreten sind, erlauben, diese rupelische (fruhes Oligozän) Paläoumgebung besser zu verstehen. Die sedimentologischen und paläontologischen Studien deuten auf die Existenz einer Küste aus mesozoischen Kalkklippen hin, die von Cañons eingeschnitten wurde. Sintflutartige Flüsse, die das Mesozoikum erodierten, Gerölle sedimentierten, die in einem nach Norden progradierenden Delta in das Meer geschüttet wurden. Lokal entwickelte sich eine lakustrine Umgebung mit kontinentalen Kalksedimenten. Diese Konglomeratablagerungen entstanden im Zusammenhang mit der tektonischen Aktivität im Rupelium. Die Rheingrabendehnung und die Aktivität der Blattverschiebungen zwischen dem Rheingraben und dem Bresse-Becken führten zur Zergliederung der mesozoischen Blöcke in Horste und Gräben. Es resultierte die Erosion der Sedimente in den gehobenen Teilen (Horste) und ihr Transport respektive Ablagerung in die niedrigen Zonen (Gräben). Die Nachweis von Geröllen endogener und effusiver Gesteine in den Konglomeratablagerungen weist auf einen Transport aus dem Vogesen durch Küstenströmungen in Richtung Süden hin in die Region von Porrentruy und auf die Herkunft der Gerölle aus dem Vogesen Massiv. Die Anhebung der Vogesen und des Schwarzwaldes und der Beginn ihrer Erosion wurde bislang mit Unter-Miozäns datierte. Unsere Untersuchungen belegen die Existenz von Brüchen, und den Beginn der Erosion schon an der Basis des Rupelium

Atlas de marée de l'océan global FES2014: conception et performance

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Les crustacés de l'Oxfordien supérieur de Cricqueboeuf (Normandie, France)

International audienceLa faune du Jurassique supérieur (Oxfordien supérieur) de Cricqueboeuf (Normandie, France) est remarquable par ses crustacés fossilisés en trois dimensions dans des nodules carbonatés et phosphatés, certains conservant même leurs yeux avec le réseau d'ommatidies. La faune (Crustacea, Decapoda) comprend quatre espèces attribuées aux langoustes Mecochiridae Van Straelen, 1925 (Meyeria n. sp.), Glypheidae Winkler, 1881 (Glypheopsis trouvillensis Charbonnier, Garassino, Schweigert & Simpson, 2013) et Erymidae Van Straelen, 1925 (Eryma ventrosum [Meyer, 1835], Enoploclytia sp.). Une analyse quantitative basée sur 191 spécimens montre que la faune était dominée par Eryma ventrosum (46,6 % des spécimens) et Meyeria n. sp. (40,3 %), la rendant unique dans le registre fossilifère des assemblages de crustacés du Jurassique. Meyeria n. sp. est l'une des plus anciennes occurrences du genre Meyeria M'Coy, 1849 et son abondance à Cricqueboeuf est remarquable.Le paléoenvironnement est interprété comme correspondant à des vasières subtidales, où le substrat mou était favorable à la colonisation et au creusement de terriers par les glyphéides, mécochirides et érymides. La plupart des spécimens auraient été conservés directement à l'intérieur de leur propre terrier, comblé par le remaniement du fond boueux lors d'apports détritiques