Highly Molybdenum-Alloyed Materials Hastelloy BC-1 (2.4708) and B3 (2.4600): Diffusion Bonding Experiments and Evaluation of both Mechanical Behavior and Corrosion Resistance in Hot 70% Sulfuric Acid

Sulfuric acid is a widely used raw material in the chemical industry. Its corrosive effect on materials varies considerably, depending on impurities, temperature and water content. This is an issue for micro process apparatuses with thin walls. Such devices are often joint by diffusion bonding what may alter materials properties due to high temperatures and long dwell times. In this paper, two high molybdenum alloys, namely Hastelloy B3 and BC-1, were investigated. Diffusion bonding tests were performed at different temperatures. Tensile tests were carried out for different material conditions, to determine the change in mechanical strength and elongation at fracture values. The fracture behavior of both alloys was ductile and the fracture surfaces showed dimple structure. For diffusion bonded samples, weak spots or rather non-bonded areas were found. These obviously caused the onset of material failure and thus, degradation of mechanical properties. Tensile samples, aged in 70% sulfuric acid at 100 °C for 1000 h showed local corrosion attacks at the grain boundaries at the circumferential surfaces and joining planes—for Hastelloy B3 more pronounced than for Hastelloy BC-1. Accordingly, a further decrease of stress and elongation at fracture values was observed. However, 0.2% yield strength used for dimensioning components are found to be reasonable. As conclusion, at least Hastelloy BC-1 reveals both good mechanical properties and an excellent corrosion resistance, regardless of the heat treatment. This is a significant advance compared to the results obtained from a previously research project on four different alloys

A non-controlled, single arm, open label, phase II study of intravenous and intratumoral administration of ParvOryx in patients with metastatic, inoperable pancreatic cancer: ParvOryx02 protocol

Background: Metastatic pancreatic cancer has a dismal prognosis, with a mean six-month progression-free survival of approximately 50% and a median survival of about 11 months. Despite intensive research, only slight improvements of clinical outcome could be achieved over the last decades. Hence, new and innovative therapeutic strategies are urgently required. ParvOryx is a drug product containing native parvovirus H-1 (H-1PV). Since H-1PV was shown to exert pronounced anti-neoplastic effects in pre-clinical models of pancreatic cancer, the drug appears to be a promising candidate for treatment of this malignancy. Methods: ParvOryx02 is a non-controlled, single arm, open label, dose-escalating, single center trial. In total seven patients with pancreatic cancer showing at least one hepatic metastasis are to be treated with escalating doses of ParvOryx according to the following schedule: i) 40% of the total dose infused intravenously in equal fractions on four consecutive days, ii) 60% of the total dose injected on a single occasion directly into the hepatic metastasis at varying intervals after intravenous infusions. The main eligibility criteria are: age ≥ 18 years, disease progression despite first-line chemotherapy, and at least one hepatic metastasis. Since it is the second trial within the drug development program, the study primarily explores safety and tolerability after further dose escalation of ParvOryx. The secondary objectives are related to the evaluation of certain aspects of anti-tumor activity and clinical efficacy of the drug. Discussion: This trial strongly contributes to the clinical development program of ParvOryx. The individual hazards for patients included in the current study and the environmental risks are addressed and counteracted adequately. Besides information on safety and tolerability of the treatment after further dose escalation, thorough evaluations of pharmacokinetics and intratumoral spread as well as proof-of-concept (PoC) in pancreatic cancer will be gained in the course of the trial. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov-ID: NCT02653313, Registration date: Dec. 4th, 2015

Risk thresholds for alcohol consumption : combined analysis of individual-participant data for 599 912 current drinkers in 83 prospective studies

Background Low-risk limits recommended for alcohol consumption vary substantially across different national guidelines. To define thresholds associated with lowest risk for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease, we studied individual-participant data from 599 912 current drinkers without previous cardiovascular disease. Methods We did a combined analysis of individual-participant data from three large-scale data sources in 19 high-income countries (the Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration, EPIC-CVD, and the UK Biobank). We characterised dose-response associations and calculated hazard ratios (HRs) per 100 g per week of alcohol (12.5 units per week) across 83 prospective studies, adjusting at least for study or centre, age, sex, smoking, and diabetes. To be eligible for the analysis, participants had to have information recorded about their alcohol consumption amount and status (ie, non-drinker vs current drinker), plus age, sex, history of diabetes and smoking status, at least 1 year of follow-up after baseline, and no baseline history of cardiovascular disease. The main analyses focused on current drinkers, whose baseline alcohol consumption was categorised into eight predefined groups according to the amount in grams consumed per week. We assessed alcohol consumption in relation to all-cause mortality, total cardiovascular disease, and several cardiovascular disease subtypes. We corrected HRs for estimated long-term variability in alcohol consumption using 152 640 serial alcohol assessments obtained some years apart (median interval 5.6 years [5th-95th percentile 1.04-13.5]) from 71 011 participants from 37 studies. Findings In the 599 912 current drinkers included in the analysis, we recorded 40 310 deaths and 39 018 incident cardiovascular disease events during 5.4 million person-years of follow-up. For all-cause mortality, we recorded a positive and curvilinear association with the level of alcohol consumption, with the minimum mortality risk around or below 100 g per week. Alcohol consumption was roughly linearly associated with a higher risk of stroke (HR per 100 g per week higher consumption 1.14, 95% CI, 1.10-1.17), coronary disease excluding myocardial infarction (1.06, 1.00-1.11), heart failure (1.09, 1.03-1.15), fatal hypertensive disease (1.24, 1.15-1.33); and fatal aortic aneurysm (1.15, 1.03-1.28). By contrast, increased alcohol consumption was loglinearly associated with a lower risk of myocardial infarction (HR 0.94, 0.91-0.97). In comparison to those who reported drinking >0-100-200-350 g per week had lower life expectancy at age 40 years of approximately 6 months, 1-2 years, or 4-5 years, respectively. Interpretation In current drinkers of alcohol in high-income countries, the threshold for lowest risk of all-cause mortality was about 100 g/week. For cardiovascular disease subtypes other than myocardial infarction, there were no clear risk thresholds below which lower alcohol consumption stopped being associated with lower disease risk. These data support limits for alcohol consumption that are lower than those recommended in most current guidelines. Copyright (C) The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.Peer reviewe

Das jüdische Buch im Dritten Reich : (The Jewish book in Nazi-Germany).

Draft version, edited in two parts of a published book that examines the status of Jewish authors and publishers in Nazi Germany; continues with the process of removing Jewish works from Nazi-German society, with special attention to their problems with Heinrich Heine and the Schocken Press.See also "Das juedische Buch im Dritten Reich," [von] Volker Dahm. 2. ueberarb. Aufl. Muenchen, C.H. Beck, [1993]. LBI Z 313 D33 199

Wissenschaft von der Weiterbildung

Graeßner G, Dahm G, Gerhard R, Kommer A, Preuß V. Wissenschaft von der Weiterbildung. In: Dahm G, ed. Wörterbuch der Weiterbildung. München: Kösel; 1980: 366-373

Theorieansätze

Dahm G, Gerhard R, Graeßner G, Kommer A, Preuß V. Theorieansätze. In: Dahm G, ed. Wörterbuch der Weiterbildung. München: Kösel; 1980: 313-321

Meldungen aus Norwegen 1940-1945. Die geheimen Lageberichte des Befehlshabers der Sicherheitspolizei und des SD in Norwegen

Die geheimen Lageberichte des Befehlshabers der Sicherheitspolizei und des SD (BdSudSD) in Norwegen liegen in unterschiedlichen Kumulationsstufen bzw. Berichtsserien vor. Den höchsten Kumulationsgrad repräsentieren die Meldungen aus Norwegen. Da diese nur teilweise überliefert sind, wurden in die Edition auch alle nachweisbaren Tagesrapporte und Sonderberichte aufgenommen. Inhaltlich wurden die Meldungen durch Gestapo, Kriminalpolizei und SD gespeist. Im Gegensatz zu den entsprechenden Polizei-SD-Apparaten in den besetzten Ostgebieten hatte der BdSudSD in Norwegen keinen Vernichtungsauftrag, da er in einem germanischen Bruderland operierte. Die Schwäche des norwegischen Kollaborationsregimes unter Vidkun Quisling und der zunehmende Widerstand gegen die Besatzung zwangen jedoch zu immer stärkerer Repression. Eine ausführliche Einleitung wird durch Organisationsübersichten der sicherheitspolizeilichen Dienststellen, Kurzbiographien der wichtigsten Akteuere, einer Karte mit den am 1.2.1945 bestehenden Kommandeursgebieten und sämtlichen nachgewiesenen Dienstorten des SD ergänzt. Ein ausführliches Register erschließt die Edition

Damit Arbeit 4.0 in der Pflege ankommt: Wie Technik die Pflege stärken kann

Eine beschäftigtenorientierte Arbeit 4.0 bleibt in der Pflege unter ihren Möglichkeiten, weil Beschäftigte in der Pflege und Pflegebedürftige die derzeitige Technik häufig als störend und nicht als entlastend empfinden. In einem Leitbild "Pflege 4.0" nennen die Autoren fünf Voraussetzungen, damit Technik die Arbeitsbedingungen und die Versorgungsqualität verbessern kann