AHC interview with Sophie Freud.

January 17, 20170:00:14-0:03:41, 1:13:17-1:17:18 - Childhood, school years and parental home in Vienna0:03:42-0:11:28 - Paris and French school system0:11:29-0:19:14 - Armistice agreement and German invasion of France / escape to Nice0:19:15-0:21:51 - Maternal grandmother Ida (née Schramek) Drucker0:21:54-0:32:10, 2:04:55-2:10:43 – Nice and Casablanca / graduating0:32:12-0:35:09 – Immigration to America0:35:10-0:39:06 – Bernays family and Sigmund Freud’s murdered sisters0:39:11-0:46:29 – Studying and working in Cambridge (Radcliffe College) / marriage0:46:32-0:54:52 – Family life, professional career, earning a PhD at Brandeis University0:54:54-0:58:48 – Children0:58:51-1:07:14 – Sabbaticals in England, Canada and Austria1:07:16-1:08:08 – Divorce1:08:22-1:13:04 – Teaching at Simmons College and Brandeis Lifelong Learning1:17:47-1:20:16 – Religious education, Schwarzwaldschule1:20:22-1:22:34 – Role of religion in the family1:22:38-1:24:57 – Parents: Martin and Ernestine (née Drucker) Freud1:24:59-1:30:38 – Amalia Schober (‘Fräulein’)1:30:41-1:37:55 – Family life / grandfather Sigmund Freud1:38:01-1:41:03 – Maternal family / mother Ernestine (née Drucker) Freud1:41:44-1:44:08 – Role of politics in the family1:44:57-1:50:22 – “Anschluss” and aftermath1:55:35-1:57:55 – Contact with family members after having left Vienna2:00:18-2:04:00 – Relationship with mother Ernestine (née Drucker) Freud2:14:57-2:18:16 – New York and Cambridge2:18:50-2:21:10 – Criticizing Sigmund Freud’s theories2:21:14-2:23:05 – Effect of Sigmund Freud’s popularity on Sophie Freud’s life2:23:08-2:26:28 – End of the war / deportations from Nice2:26:34-2:36:04 – Visits to and thoughts on Austria2:36:08-2:40:09 – Brother Walter Freud2:40:13-2:43:21 – Father Martin Freud2:43:26-2:52:27 – Working on a book about her mother, “Living in the shadow of the Freud family”2:54:35-2:56:32 – Political situation in the United States and in Austria today.Sophie Freud was born on August 6, 1924 in Vienna, Austria. Her father Martin Freud (the oldest son of the psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud) was a lawyer, her mother Ernestine (née Drucker) Freud was a speech therapist. Sophie grew up in Vienna’s First District with her parents, her brother Walter, a cook and the maid Amalia Schober, whom she called “Fräulein”. Her maternal grandparents Ida (née Schramek) and Leopold Drucker lived in the same building. The home of Sigmund Freud and his wife Martha Freud was very close, and Sophie went there each Sunday for a short visit with her maid. Sophie was educated at the Schwarzwald-school.Shortly after the “Anschluss”, Sophie and her mother emigrated to Paris, to be with her mother’s two sisters, Lily (née Drucker) Boyko and Janne (née Drucker) Zittau. Sophie’s father and brother emigrated to England, like the majority of Sophie’s paternal family, and thus her family split up. In Paris Sophie went to Lycée Jean de La Fontaine until she and her mother had to escape on bicycles to Nice due to the German occupation of Paris in June 1940. They arrived in Nice in September 1940 and Sophie continued high school there before she and her mother left for Casablanca in January 1942, where she graduated from high school. In October of 1942 they went via Tangiers to Lisbon and eventually took a ship to Baltimore in November 1942.After living in New York for a few months, Sophie went to Cambridge, MA to study Psychology at Harvard’s Radcliffe College. Subsequently she earned a master’s degree from Simmons School of Social work and eventually a PhD from Brandeis University. She worked as a social worker, married Paul Löwenstein (whom she divorced in the mid-1980s) and had three children. She took two sabbaticals, one of them in Vienna, Austria in 1988 and became professor of social work at Simmons College after her return. In 2018 she continued teaching at the Institute for Lifelong Learning at Brandeis University

AHC interview with Ilse Matalon.

May 4, 2080:01:42-0:08:05, 0:32:01-0:34:41 Childhood memories0:08:07-0:19:02 Father sent to camp and escaping Vienna0:19:04-0:22:18 Arriving in Montreal0:22:19-0:24:51 Being taken to Nazi rallies0:24:53-0:27:09 Recollections of “Kristallnacht”0:27:12-0:28:31, 0:53:09-0:54:52 Returning to Vienna0:34:42-0:36:02 Memories of mother Augustina Werner Gottfried0:36:03-0:42:20 Cultural and religious life0:42:21-0:49:31 Emigration route0:54:57-0:57:41 Life in Antwerp and obtaining papers0:57:42-1:02:25 Moving to Montreal1:04:32-1:05:59 Anti-Semitism1:07:51-1:11:11 Life in Montreal1:11:12-1:15:41 Austria’s dealing with its NS-past1:15:42-1:23:38 World citizen identity1:23:39-1:35:35 Thoughts on Israel and Zionism1:39:08-1:42:21 Final messageIlse Matalon née Gottfried was born on July 29, 1932 in Vienna, Austria. She grew up with her parents, her older brother and a nanny in an apartment in Flachgasse in Vienna’s fifteenth district. Ilse went to school in Vienna until she left Austria with her family in early December 1938. They fled with a Jewish organization across Germany and Holland to Antwerp. The family stayed in Antwerp for about five months until Ilse’s father succeeded in getting a Romanian passport. They boarded a ship in La Havre, France that brought them to Montreal in the summer of 1939. Ilse attended primary and high school in Montreal. She went to McGill University from ’49 –’53, followed by a year at Simmons College and settled down in Montreal.Austrian Heritage Collectio

AHC interview with Ernest Max.

0:00:16-0:01:26 Recollections of Vienna0:01:27-0:03:36 Emigration route0:03:37-0:05:13 Life in Bolivia, Chile and the US0:05:21-0:08:36 Family members in Vienna0:08:44-0:09:39, 0:34:57-0:35:38 Jewish Welcome Service0:09:44-0:10:32 Religious life0:12:34-0:14:28, 0:19:32-0:21:22 Parents’ business in Bolivia0:14:29-0:15:42 Jewish community in La Paz0:15:48-0:16:32 Obtaining immigration papers in Prague0:16:35-0:17:59 Anti-Semitism0:22:19-0:24:26 Visiting relatives0:26:57-0:28:01 Moving to Texas0:29:45-0:32:18, 0:32:18-0:34:56 Visiting Vienna and Berlin0:38:32-0:41:35 Austrian community in La Paz0:42:57-0:43:40 Final messageApril 17, 2018Ernest Max was born on March 30, 1936 in Vienna, Austria. He lived in an apartment with his parents (Rosa Kohn and Friedrich Max) in Favoritenstrasse 130 in Vienna’s 10th district. Due to the “Anschluss”, the family went to Prague, Czechoslovakia in March 1938. After having received visas for Bolivia, they traveled to Antwerp in 1939. There they boarded the ship Copiapo which brought them to Arica, Chile. They settled in La Paz, Bolivia, where Ernest attended elementary and high school, while his parents excelled in the manufacturing of confectionary. He went to Chile in 1953 to study medicine and worked as a surgeon until he moved to the US in 1971. He completed his residency for one year in Baltimore followed by two years in Pittsburgh. In 1974 he moved to Houston, Texas, where he worked until 2015.Austrian Heritage Collectio

AHC interview Erich L. Lilian.

May 8, 20180:00:16-0:08:32 Childhood and anti-Semitism in Klagenfurt, moving to Vienna in 19380:08:35-0:13:34 Vienna 1938-1939, Uncle Max Glaser0:13:43-0:16:30 Arrest of father Sigmund Lilian and uncles Max and Joseph Glaser; decision to emigrate0:16:32-0:18:58 Help from the wife of his uncle Heinrich Glaser0:19:07-0:25:09 Klagenfurt0:25:13-0:30:30 Situation for Jews before the “Anschluss”, rise of Nazism and politics after the “Anschluss”0:30:21-0:35:12 Escaping to Cologne and further to Antwerp0:35:12-0:40:48 Going to England with his mother, living with the Oster-family in London; “Blitz”0:41:15-0:44:36 Staying in contact with the Oster-family after WW II0:44:36-0:59:50 Isle of Man, Internment in London during the “Blitz”0:59:50-1:02:18 Story of father Sigmund Lilian1:02:18-1:11:47 Preparing for the emigration to the United States1:13:23-1:20:10 First impressions of New York and Philadelphia, school in Philadelphia1:20:14-1:24:27 Reunion with father Sigmund Lilian, moving to Washington DC1:24:24-1:29:45 Teacher’s college at Temple University, start of his professional career1:29:45-1:36:02, 1:46:05-1:49:55 First wife Judy, children Michael and Randy1:36:02-1:37:57 Maternal grandparents; Theresienstadt1:39:47-1:45:56 Deportation of family members; the Holocaust in the family’s memory1:50:04-1:59:49 Law School, becoming a judge at the municipal court in Philadelphia2:02:39-2:07:21 Daughter Randy’s and wife Marlene’s perspective on his life2:10:51-2:16:46 Paternal grandparents; paternal family in Israel2:16:48-2:17:47 Maternal family2:17:47-2:22:30 Memories of his parents and Klagenfurt2:22:30-2:25:03 Jewish community in Klagenfurt, religion2:28:22-2:35:30 Family’s attitude on politics and Zionism, anti-Semitism and political event before the “Anschluss”2:40:04-2:43:05 Contact with his father during the time of their separation2:43:56-2:46:56, 2:49:22-2:54:31 News coverage in the United States on events during WW II2:47:02-2:49:17 Father’s career in the United States2:54:33-2:56:33 Dealing with Nazi-past in Austria, restitution payments2:56:34-3:05:10 Political situation in Austria today, visiting Austria in 19853:05:12-3:08:30 Speaking German, Austrian citizenship3:08:46-3:10:43 Israel3:10:46-3:13:18 Religion3:13:19-3:16:56, 3:17:54-3:20:15 Current political situation in the United States, liberalismErich L. Lilian was born on June 20, 1930 in Klagenfurt, Austria, where he grew up as the only child of Gisela (née Glaser) and Sigmund Lilian, who owned a dry good store. Due to rising anti-Semitism, the family left for Vienna after the “Anschluss”, where they stayed with his maternal grandparents. At the end of 1938 they escaped to Antwerp in Belgium. In 1939 he went to England with his mother, who was able to get a job as a housekeeper for a middle-class family in London. During the “Blitz” they were evacuated to Bognor Regis and shortly after that, Erich and his mother were interned at the Isle of Man. After their release, the “Blitz” was still going on, and they were interned again in London. In 1940 they emigrated to the United States on the ship ‘Coronia’ that was part of a convoy from Liverpool to New York, where his mother was trained to work in a textile factory. Afterwards they moved to Philadelphia, where she started working and Erich went to school. His father reunited with them after the war, and the family moved to Washington DC. Back in Philadelphia Erich started to study in 1948 at the teacher’s college at Temple University. He founded a family and worked as a teacher for a several years. In 1959 he started to study law at the same university and eventually became a judge at the municipal court in Philadelphia. He has two children - Michael and Randy – and settled in Rydal, Pa. with his second wife Marlene.Austrian Heritage Collectio

AHC interview with Leo Dortort.

March 3 and 4, 2018Interview Part 10:00:27-0:09:43, 0:23:53-0:26:05 Childhood and school years in Graz and how it was impacted by the “Anschluss”0:09:48-0:16:50, 0:26:13-0:34:45 Growing anti-Semitism from 1937 on, anti-Semitic laws forcing the family to move0:16:50-00:23:50 Parental home and parents’ stores0:34:51-0:37:16 Fear of revealing information about uncles Simon Josefsberg and Markus Körner0:39:54-0:46:44 November pogrom and arrest of father Franz Dortort0:46:47-0:49:33 Rabbi David Herzog0:49:35-0:53:24 Father’s return from Dachau0:53:30-1:01:12 Sending boxes with property to uncle Louis Dortort in France1:01:15-1:11:29 Escaping to Maribor and to Leskovac on March 12, 1939 with his parents and two uncles (Arnold and Isidor)1:11:34-1:24:22 Staying in Leskovac, Zagreb and Fužine, conditions for refugees in Yugoslavia1:24:23-1:44:07 Joining the Kladovo Transport, talking about the book “Gescheiterte Flucht” by Gabriele Anderl and Walter Manoschek1:44:12-1:52:47 Leaving the Kladovo Transport to Šabac, integration into the local community1:52:53-2:07:03 Opportunity and decision to go to Palestine in spring 1941, coming to Haifa via Sarajevo, Thessaloniki, Istanbul, Aleppo and Beirut2:07:10-2:10:37 German bombings in Haifa2:11:16-2:16:15, 2:20:50-2:29:41 Schooling at the “Kinderheim Ahawah” in Kiryat Bialik2:17:06-2:20:50, 2:29:43-2:33:07, 2:34:35-2:38:33, 3:09:11-3:18:21 Training camp and service for the paramilitary police in Afula in 1946, Israeli war of independence, Zionism2:40:16-2:46:30 Contact with sister Blanka Dortort and other family members2:50:44-3:00:56 Parents Anna (née Körner) and Franz Dortort killed by the Nazis3:03:30-3:05:43 Partisans, Serbia’s politics during WW II3:05:43-3:09:09 Studying political science and other courses at university3:18:23-3:19:21 Aftermath of the Shoah and its impact on him3:19:24-3:26:05 News coverage during WW II, joint guilt of many countries3:26:08-3:33:25 Connection to Austria today, keeping in touch with his cousin Leo Josefsberg3:33:28-3:43:34 Decisions to go back to Graz and to emigrate to Canada3:43:36-3:54:33, 3:58:25-4:06:05, 4:15:24-4:17:26 Graz in the post-WW II-era, Austrian way of dealing with the Nazi-past3:54:33-3:58:23 Difficulties with residence status in Graz and Paris, Israeli citizenship4:06:05-4:07:47 “Anschluss” and marching in of German troops into Graz4:07:47-4:10:28 Maid Hermine4:10:31-4:15:22 Decision to emigrate to CanadaInterview Part 20:00:20-0:12:00, 0:13:03-0:15:33 Religious life in Graz and how it changed under the Nazi regime0:15:56-0:18:33, 0:20:25-0:21:24 Paternal and maternal family, parents (Anna Körner and Franz Dortort) moving from Budapest to Graz0:18:33-0:20:25 Languages spoken in the family0:23:08-0:25:19 Death of grandmother Fanny (née Rand) Körner0:28:15-0:33:56 Family’s attitude towards Zionism, Jewish and Austrian identity0:37:38-0:40:29 Family members in Berlin, great-grandfather David Schlomo Dortort0:40:32-0:45:45 Decision to go to Palestine, situation for refugees in Yugoslavia0:46:07-0:48:31 Thoughts on remembering and forgetting0:48:38-0:57:06 Arrival and first job in Canada0:57:06-1:05:24, 1:08:11-1:13:51 Emigrant community and Jewish life in Montréal, first places of residence1:05:26-1:07:46 Coming to Montréal from Bremerhaven via St. Jones (Brunswick)1:13:51-1:21:28, 1:33:51-1:37:43 Further career in Canada and the United States1:21:32-1:33:50, 1:37:47-1:44:01 Jewish Community, high society and film industry in Hollywood1:44:06-1:57:30 Moving back to Montréal, marriage and divorce with Aida Co, working for a food company’s industrial division1:57:34-2:14:29 Children (Francis Eytan Dortort and Ariel David Dortort) and their interest in Austrian background2:14:29-2:17:53 Visits to Graz and thoughts of going back2:17:59-2:34:12 Visits to Israel, Yad Vashem, Israeli politics2:34:11-2:38:13 School years in Kiryat Bialik and Graz, German language2:38:58-2:54:39, 2:55:26-2:56:10 Holocaust-commemoration and his personal involvement2:59:26-3:05:01 Austrian politics, refugee crisisLeo Dortort was born on September 18, 1928 in Graz, Austria, where he and his sister Blanka grew up with their parents Anna (née Körner) and Franz Dortort. The parents, who both had moved from Hungary to Graz after WW I, ran a haberdashery and a confectionary store. Leo went to the Jewish elementary school, and the family was highly active in the Jewish community. After the “Anschluss” their store was liquidated, and the family was forced to move to a group apartment for Jews. During the November pogrom of 1938 Leo’s father was arrested and sent to Dachau. After approximately two months he was released, signing that he will leave the country within the next three months.Together with his parents and two uncles (Arnold and Isidor Körner) Leo escaped to Yugoslavia on March 12, 1939. In 1940 the family joined the Kladovo Transport to Palestine. In spring 1941, as the transport was stuck in the port of Šabac, Leo seized the opportunity to go to Palestine by land. Both of his parents were murdered by the Nazis, who caught the transport.In Palestine, he reunited with his sister Blanka, who had already gone there on November 2, 1938. He stayed in Kiryat Bialik where he was schooled at the children’s home “Ahawah”. In 1946 he joined the paramilitary police in Afula and later became a Non Commission Officer for the Haganah, fighting in the Israeli war of Independence.In 1950 Leo Dortort went back to Graz for restitution matters and then emigrated to Canada in 1954. In Montréal, he started working as a travelling salesman for multiple optic companies and continued this job in the United States. He returned to Montréal in the early 1980s, where he started a new job and married Aida Co. After their divorce he became a single parent of his two sons Francis Eytan and Ariel David Dortort. He eventually settled in Côte-Saint-Luc, Quebec.Austrian Heritage Collectio

AHC interview with Malvine Spitzer.

April 24, 2018.0:00:24-0:12:34, 0:19:33-0:21:03, 1:06:06-1:09:51, 1:47:44-1:50:21 Childhood, especially schooling and how it changed in 1938 with the “Anschluss”0:12:47-0:19:28 Hillel Tauber’s (nephew) experience and attitude towards Germans (and Austrians) as a child of Holocaust survivors0:21:03-0:26:12, 0:32:25-0:34:41 Kristallnacht0:26:12-0:32:25, 0:34:42-0:36:10, 1:50:26-1:52:00 Preparing for the escape0:36:10-0:47:35, 2:00:44-2:01:3 Arrival and first years in the United States0:47:57-0:50:38 Contacts with Nazis and humiliation by the Hitler youth in Vienna0:50:38-0:51:44 Faith in God0:52:15-0:58:40, 1:00:12-1:05:32, 1:45:22-1:47:44 Parental home0:58:40-01:00:02, 2:22:25-2:29:11 Visiting Vienna and connections to Austria1:09:51-1:16:34, 2:54:15-2:57:07 Discussing family photos and documents1:16:36-1:18:29 Effect of the escape on the parents1:18:29-1:19:44 Maternal grandfather, Rabbi Josef Baumgarten1:21:37-1:23:06, 1:37:32-1:39:20 Parents Esther and Leopold Lederer1:23:06-1:35:29 Religious life in Vienna and New York1:35:34-1:37:30, 1:39:20-1:44:49, 1:52:12-1:54:14 Malvine Spitzer’s professional life and marriage with Joseph Spitzer1:55:23-2:00:44 Contact with the Königsberg family2:01:40-2:06:54, 2:51:27-2:52:37 News coverage and knowledge about the Holocaust2:08:25-2:11:22 US-American society2:11:23-2:12:38, 2:29:11-2:35:43 Political situation in the United States today (2018) and parallels to Nazism2:12:40-2:14:21 How the Nazi-persecution affected their personality2:14:24-2:16:44, 2:35:45-2:38:10, 2:43:34-2:46:08 Israel and anti-Semitism today2:16:45-2:21:32 Austrian Heritage Collection and the Viennese Group among the orthodox Jewish community in Williamsburg2:38:12-2:43:29 Holocaust memorials and Eichmann-trial2:46:09-2:49:32 Children’s and grandchildren’s interest in Austrian background2:49:45-2:51:25 Bakery on the Lower East Side and a hotel in upstate New York2:57:09-2:59:46 Borough ParkMalvine (née Lederer) Spitzer was born on Dec. 16, 1929, in Vienna, Austria, the younger sister of Dina (née Lederer) Kupferstein (born Sep. 15, 1928). They grew up in a middle-class Ashkenazi- orthodox family with seven more siblings in Vienna’s 2nd district. They went to the Jewish kindergarten and elementary school “Jesod Hatora”. Dina continued school after the “Anschluss” in a so called “Judenschule” (Jew-school) on Vorgartenstraße. Their father Leopold Lederer had a bakery and was an active member at the Kultusgemeinde(Jewish congregation) and charitable Jewish organizations. Their mother Esther (née Baumgarten) Lederer was the daughter of Josef Baumgarten, who was a rabbi at the synagogue Wiener Schiffschul. She also worked in the bakery, which was closed after “Kristallnacht”. When the family tried to get papers to leave the country, a stranger from the United States, Benjamin Königsberg, who worked for the same organization as Leopold Lederer (Kollel Shomrei HaChomos Reb Meir Baal Haness), signed affidavits for the whole family. They left Vienna on Nov. 26, 1939 for Genoa, where they boarded the ship “Vulcania”, arriving in New York on Dec. 6, 1939. The family settled on the Lower East Side where they started a bakery again. Malvine and Dina had to work there every day after school. In later years, Dina became a substitute teacher and a bookkeeper. Malvine became a bookkeeper too, running a custom jewelry-business with her husband Joseph. They both settled in Brooklyn.Austrian Heritage Collectio

AHC interview with Herbert Chanoch Kelman.

Part 10:00:23-0:04:59 Growing up in Vienna0:05:00-0:09:46 Impact of the “Anschluss”0:09:46-0:13:11 Life in Antwerp0:13:12-0:15:26, 1:29:29-1:32:15 Emigration route to New York0:15:53-0:18:43, 1:16:00-1:19:49 Religion and Zionism0:18:44-0:23:55 College and peace activities0:24:00-0:29:34 Political activism0:29:35-0:33:30, 1:00:07-1:02:57 Interest for social psychology0:33:30-0:35:58 U.S. citizenship0:35:59-0:42:25 Postdoctoral fellowship at John Hopkins University0:42:35-0:48:32 Peace research involvement0:48:55-0:52:25 Conscientious objector status0:52:32-1:00:06, 1:09:29-1:10:14 Civil rights work and congress of racial equality1:03:35-1:07:34 Fellowship at Stanford University1:07:38-1:09:18 Wife Rose B. Kelman1:10:20-1:12:38 Job at National Institute of Mental Health1:12:45-1:17:43 The Journal of Conflict Resolution1:17:45-1:19:50 Lecturer on social psychology at Harvard1:19:50-1:24:53 Fellowship at Institute for Social Research in Oslo1:24:54-1:27:09 First time back in Austria1:27:09-1:44:29 Visiting professor at Wirtschaftsuniversität WienPart 20:00:01-0:03:35, 1:35:12-1:38:24 Austria’s dealing with its NS-past0:03:36-0:04:51, 0:06:40-0:07:25, 0:11:15-0:13:02, 1:12:09-1:13:17 Apartments in Vienna0:04:51-0:06:40, 1:22:54-1:28:59 Recollections of “Kristallnacht”0:07:26-0:11:15, 0:13:03-0:16:07 Involvement in an exhibition in Vienna0:16:47-0:24:51 Professor of psychology and research psychologist at the University of Michigan0:25:05-0:39:57 Work on Israeli–Palestinian conflict0:39:57-0:44:24 Austrian Institute for International Affairs0:44:27-1:09:25 Herbert C. Kelman Institute for Interactive Conflict Transformation1:10:22-1:12:08 Parents Lea (née Pomeranz) Kelman and Leo Kelman1:13:22-1:14:10 Sister Esther Kelman1:14:12-1:15:55 About the name Chanoch1:19:50-1:22:53 Anti-Semitism1:32:18-1:35:08 How war shaped identity1:38:25-1:40:41 Final messageJanuary 18-19, 2018.Herbert C. Kelman was born on March 18, 1927 in Vienna, Austria. He grew up with his parents and his older sister in a culturally religious home and was part of religious Zionist youth movements. The family lived in an apartment in Weißgerberlände in Vienna’s third district. Herbert attended elementary school and went to the Zwi-Perez-Chajes-Schule for a short time. Due to the “Anschluss”, the family moved to an apartment in Schmelzgasse in the second district in June 1938, where they lived until they got visas to Belgium. In late March 1939 they first took a train to Germany, then a plane to Brussels and finally another plane to Antwerp. While waiting for visas to the US, Herbert and his sister went to school in Antwerp for a year. At the end of March 1940, the family went to France by train to board a ship in St. Nazaire, which brought them to New York on April 8, 1940.After having finished high School in Brooklyn, Herbert went to Brooklyn College and to the Jewish Theological Seminary in New York. He received his master’s degree and Ph.D. in Psychology from Yale University. He did post-doc studies at John Hopkins University for three years, followed by a fellowship at Stanford University. He then worked at the National Institute of Mental Health for two years, was a lecturer on social psychology at Harvard University from 1957 to 1962 and did another fellowship at the Institute for Social Research in Oslo. After this he was Professor of psychology and a research psychologist at the University of Michigan. In 1994 he was a visiting professor at Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien and several times after a visiting scholar at the Austrian Institute for International Affairs.As an interdisciplinary social scientist, who published books such as “International Behavior: A Social-psychological Analysis”, Kelman was president of several professional associations and recipient of many Austrian and American awards. He became Honorary President of the Herbert C. Kelman Institute for Interactive Conflict Transformation, which focuses on peace building in international and intra-societal conflicts such as the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.Austrian Heritage Collectio

AHC interview with Lotte Bailyn.

January 16, 20180:00:16-0:11:33 Biographical overview0:11:35-0:15:54 Paternal grandparents; grandmother Sofie Lazarsfeld0:15:56-0:18:40 Maternal family0:18:41-0:19:42 Role of music in the family; Hitler at a family member’s chamber music event0:20:13-0:22:59 Parental home0:23:03-0:23:58 Popularity of parents0:23:58-0:25:47, 1:07:51-1:08:54, 1:10:58-1:14:41 Connection to and thoughts on Austria0:26:22-0:27:58 Childhood / memories of political events0:29:55-0:34:01, 1:06:48-1:07:50 Role of religion and experiences of anti-Semitism0:34:01-0:36:12 Other family members’ emigration0:37:51-0:42:35 Emigration and arriving in the United States0:42:36-0:44:18 New York0:44:19-0:48:49 Relationship with father and step-mother0:50:57-0:52:34 Awareness of war-events0:52:46-0:59:07 Contact with family members0:59:07-1:01:09 Organizing the funeral of Marie Deutsch-Kramer, née Herzmansky in Vienna1:01:38-1:04:40 McCarthy era1:04:55-1:06:42 Attitude towards Zionism1:08:59-1:10:58 Restitution1:14:43-1:18:00 Thoughts on current political situation / refugee crisis1:18:07-1:21:18 Children’s and grandchildren’s interest in Austrian backgroundLotte Bailyn, née Lazarsfeld was born on July 17, 1930 in Vienna, Austria, the only child of Marie Jahoda and Paul F. Lazarsfeld, who were well-known social scientists and social democrats; the couple divorced in 1934. Lotte Bailyn mainly grew up with her mother and maternal grandmother Betty Jahoda, née Probst; her father lived in the United States since 1933. Lotte went to the first grade of Montessori school in Vienna. When her mother was arrested in 1936 due to her socialist activities, Lotte was taken care of by her grandmother. When her mother was released from prison, they had to emigrate. While Marie Jahoda went to England, Lotte was picked up by her father and went with him to New York via Calais, to live there with him and her stepmother, Herta Herzog. Lotte went to school in New York until she went to Swarthmore College where she majored in mathematics. Then she studied social sciences at Harvard graduate school and earned her PhD in 1956. After working on a project at Sloan school of management at MIT, she taught management there since 1971, moving ahead as an associate professor without tenure, a full professor and finally Professor Emerita. - She married the historian Bernard Bailyn and the couple had two children.Austrian Heritage Collectio

AHC interview with Elizabeth Simons.

January 18, 20180:00:13-0:04:06, 1:41:33-1:44:50 - Childhood in Hietzing0:04:07-0:10:11 - Impacts of the “Anschluss”0:10:13-0:12:43 - Escape to France0:12:46-0:16:19 - Beginning of the war / split of the family0:16:20-0:19:37 - Fred Engle’s escape from the internment camp in Brittany0:19:37-0:26:00 - Escape to and conditions in Nice0:26:01-0:30:53, 2:12:35-2:13:57 - Crossing the Pyrenees and going to Portugal0:30:53-0:33:27, 2:18:22-2:20:59 - Emigration and arrival in the USA0:33:30-0:40:20 - School years in the USA0:40:27-0:47:26 - Pratt Institute at Cooper Union0:47:28-0:49:49, 2:31:33-2:40:35 - Difficulties for women in science0:49:50-0:53:43 - Further education at Yale’s chemical department0:53:51-1:03:39 - Start of her professional career1:03:54-1:09:58 - Working at Harvard Medical School and settling down1:10:01-1:18:37 - Boston University School of Medicine1:18:38-1:27:14 - Retirement and further activities1:28:40-1:31:02, 2:14:30-2:17:48 - Family history1:33:13-1:36:25 - Relationship to maternal grandparents1:36:27-1:38:30 - Escapes and deportations of family members1:44:50-1:46:50 - Mother Erna Engle-Weisselberg1:44:50-1:48:53 - Languages spoken and travelling1:48:53-2:02:29 - Visits to and attitude towards Austria; failed restitution2:02:30-2:05:10 - Anti-Semitism in the United States2:05:16-2:10:01 - Religion2:21:01-2:28:31 - Relationship to her sister Ruth Cordero2:28:32-2:31:29 - Political events during and after WW II2:41:19-2:45:23 - IsraelElizabeth Simons, née Reiman was born in 1929 and raised in Vienna’s district of Hietzing, where she lived together with her mother Erna Engle-Weisselberg (born 1901), her stepfather Fred Engle (born in 1906), her older sister Ruth (married Cordero) and her maternal grandparents Betti (née Munz) and Bernard Weisselberg, who owned a lumber business. They also had a maid called “Annerl”. Elizabeth’s biological father, William Reiman had died in 1930.Elizabeth’s mother was a pianist and studied chemistry at the University of Vienna. Her stepfather was working for an antifascist newspaper in Vienna: he left the city in the night of the “Anschluss”, skiing to Switzerland. Elizabeth and her sister were taken out of school and transfered to a Jewish school. In June of 1938 they left Vienna together with their mother and went to France via Luxemburg, Holland and Belgium. They reunited with Fred Engle and stayed in Chelles, a town in the wider area of Paris, where Elizabeth went to school. Her stepfather was sent to a French internment camp in Brittany shortly after the war had started on September 1, 1939. After the German occupation of Paris in June 1940, the family left for Nice where they reunited again with Elizabeth’s stepfather who had managed to escape from the internment camp, which made it impossible for him to leave France legally. At the beginning of 1941 the family left to Perpignan (France), from where they crossed the Pyrenees to Spain and went further to Lisbon (Portugal). On May, 31, 1941 they left on a ship to Norfolk, VA, where they arrived on June 15. The family settled in Elmhurst, Queens (New York), where Elizabeth went to school. In 1946 she went to the Pratt Institute of Cooper Union and then to graduate school at Yale’s chemical department from where she graduated in 1953 with a PhD. She had several positions in teaching and researching on physical chemistry and later on biochemistry at the Boston University School of Medicine from where she retired in 2012. She married Harold Lee Simons and they had two children and five grandchildren. Elizabeth Simons settled in Massachusetts.Austrian Heritage Collectio

AHC interview with Heinz Reischer.

May 2, 20180:00:20-0:07:48 Overview of life in Vienna and Brussels0:07:51-0:10:46, 1:13:18-1:14:29, 0:19:53-0:22:42 Religious life0:10:50-0:16:10 Memories of his parents and his brother0:16:15-0:19:47 Canadian war orphans project0:23:44-0:32:56 Deportation of parents0:33:00-0:36:08 Wearing a yellow badge in Brussels0:37:12-0:41:04, 1:24:49-1:28:33 Orphanages in Brussels0:48:53-1:05:10 Route from Brussels to Montreal1:05:14-1:09:18 Life in Montreal1:11:20-1:13:17 Recollections of his neighborhood in Vienna1:14:40-1:16:54 Recollections of “Anschluss” and “Kristallnacht”1:28:38-1:31:35 Memories of the end of the war1:31:36-1:33:53 Anti-Semitism1:33:58-1:39:22 Thoughts on Israel1:41:20-1:46:55 Austria’s dealing with its NS-past1:53:08-1:54:19 Final messageHeinz Reischer was born on August 19, 1930 in Vienna, Austria. He grew up with his older brother Erich and their parents Milan Reischer and Margarete née Ehrenreich in an apartment in Franz-Hochedlinger-Gasse 26, in Vienna’s second district. Heinz attended school in Vienna until he escaped to Brussels in 1938. There he went to school and lived with his family until 1942, when his parents got deported. From then on Heinz lived in orphanage. At the end of 1947 the Canadian Jewish Congress sponsored a rescue mission for orphans, and Heinz emigrated to Canada: he boarded the “Aquitania” in Southampton, England to Toronto, Ontario. Heinz moved to Montreal and started working in sales.Austrian Heritage Collectio