Conflict Management in Camboinhas Beach: A Case Study

Brazilian beaches offer services and need an infrastructure aligned and integrated with the legislation, with the interests of the involved stakeholders and with an established governance. To meet this demand, there is the international ISO 13.009: 2015 standard that deals specifically with beach management. This paper aims to present how this instrument could contribute to the process of governance and competence assignment of the management institutions involved to minimize the existing conflicts. A bibliographical and documentary review was carried out to verify the conformity between this standard and the legislation pertinent to a conflict on Camboinhas Beach, regarding the infrastructure. Through a comparative process between the minimum requirements of ISO 13.009: 2015 and the relevant legislation, the degree of contribution of the standard to the resolution of the conflict was estimated. From the Term of Adjustment of Conduct (TAC) issued by the Public Prosecution Office, it was found that if the kiosks were in conformity with the norm, there could be a direct contribution to the resolution of the conflict, which would correspond to a conformity of 54.29% of the clauses previously agreed in the TAC. In addition, it was verified a divergence of the relevant legislation from the minimum requirements of the standard by 35.48%. In this way, the results indicate that the conformity of the beach kiosks could contribute to the overall governance and competence process of the involved institutions, minimizing other existing conflicts and attracting investments to the beach.As praias brasileiras oferecem serviços e necessitam de uma infraestrutura alinhada e integrada com a legislação, com os interesses dos atores envolvidos e com uma governança estabelecida. Para suprir esta demanda, surge o padrão internacional ISO 13.009:2015, que trata especificamente da gestão de praias. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar como este instrumento poderia contribuir para o processo de governança e designação de competência aos órgãos gestores envolvidos mitigando os conflitos existentes. Partiu-se de uma revisão bibliográfica e documental para verificar a conformidade entre esta norma e a legislação pertinente a um conflito na praia de Camboinhas, relativo à infraestrutura. Por meio de um processo comparativo entre os requisitos mínimos da norma ISO 13.009:2015 e a legislação pertinente, foi estimado o grau de contribuição da norma para a resolução do conflito. Constatou-se, a partir do Termo de Ajustamento de Conduta (TAC) expedido pelo Ministério Público Estadual, que caso os quiosques estivessem em conformidade com a norma, poderia haver uma contribuição direta para a resolução do conflito, o que corresponderia a uma conformidade de 54,29% das cláusulas previamente acordadas no TAC, e, também, uma divergência da legislação pertinente em relação aos requisitos mínimos da norma em 35,48%. Desta forma, os resultados encontrados indicam que a conformidade dos quiosques poderia contribuir para o processo geral de governança e competência dos órgãos envolvidos, mitigando outros conflitos existentes e atraindo investimentos para a praia

Implantação de coleta seletiva em instituições de assistência à saúde: exemplo de um hospital público na cidade do Rio de Janeiro/ Implementation of selective collection in health care institutions: example from a public hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro

Este trabalho discorre sobre a implantação da coleta seletiva nas instituições de assistência à saúde pública.  Parte-se da necessidade de conscientização dos profissionais que atuam na área de assistência à saúde sobre a repercussão de seus atos, na segregação correta dos resíduos, buscando-se ampliar a participação dos gestores no cuidado com o meio ambiente, através do adequado gerenciamento dos resíduos hospitalares e do desenvolvimento de uma nova cultura organizacional.  Este trabalho possui como metodologia uma abordagem qualitativa, com objetivo exploratório, cujos os métodos utilizados serão levantamento bibliográfico e análise documental em sites na internet.  O estudo de caso será sobre um hospital público no estado do Rio de Janeiro.Ao final deste estudo resumem-se algumas das principais legislações que regulamentam esta atividade no serviço público, com atenção àquelas estabelecidas para a cidade do Rio de Janeiro e descreve-se um roteiro que auxilia às instituições que necessitem deste suporte para implementar a coleta seletiva

Municipal Coastal Management and National Policy for the Conservation and Sustainable Use of the Brazilian Marine Biome: A Critical Analysis

The Coastal Zone (CZ), declared as National Heritage by the 1988 Federal Constitution, is endowed as an area of strategic importance. Coastal economic activities are responsible for the majority portion of the national Gross Domestic Product (GDP), linked to ports, fishing, mining (i.e., oil), and tourism. Thus, the intense degradation of natural resources puts both socio-economic sustainability and local populations’ environmental quality at risk. This study presents actors and public policies relevant to Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM). It seeks to resolve existing conflicts while respecting the compatibility of coastal uses sustainably, considering that the interrelationships of economic, environmental and social phenomena resulting from the overlapping of the different uses of the Brazilian coast generate different impacts. The study aims to assess municipal coastal management in line with Marine Spatial Plans (MSP), with relevance to the provisions of Bill nº 6969/2013. Such legislation “institutes the National Policy for the Conservation and Sustainable Use of the Marine Biome and associated coastal ecosystems (PNCMar)” and analyses municipal public power, between integral and participant of the integrated coastal management, together with union and state governments, responsible for elaborating, implementing, executing and monitoring their respective Coastal Management Plans. The methodology consists of collecting bibliographic and documentary data and reviewing articles, laws, bills, federal decrees and classic texts that addressed ICZM and MSP. For an integrated, sustainable coastal management, Bill nº 6969/2013 requires adjustments, with coastal municipalities remaining in management in a decentralised, participatory manner to make their local spatial planning instruments compatible.A Zona Costeira (ZC), declarada como Patrimônio Nacional pela Constituição Federal de 1988, é dotada de área de importância estratégica. As atividades econômicas costeiras são responsáveis pela maior parte do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) nacional, vinculadas a portos, pesca, mineração (ou seja, petróleo) e turismo. Assim, a intensa degradação dos recursos naturais coloca em risco a sustentabilidade socioeconômica e a qualidade ambiental das populações locais. Este estudo apresenta atores e políticas públicas relevantes para a Gestão Integrada da Zona Costeira (GIZC). Procura resolver os conflitos existentes respeitando a compatibilidade dos usos costeiros de forma sustentável, considerando que as inter-relações dos fenômenos econômicos, ambientais e sociais decorrentes das sobreposições dos diferentes usos da costa brasileira geram diferentes impactos. O estudo visa avaliar a gestão costeira municipal em consonância com os Planos Espaciais Marinhos (PEM), com relevância para o disposto no Projeto de Lei n.º 6969/2013. Tal legislação “institui a Política Nacional de Conservação e Uso Sustentável do Bioma Marinho e ecossistemas costeiros associados (PNCMar)” e analisa o poder público municipal, ente integrante e participante da gestão costeira integrada, junto aos governos federal e estadual, responsáveis para a elaboração, implementação, execução e monitoramento dos respectivos Planos de Gerenciamento Costeiro. A metodologia consiste na coleta de dados bibliográficos e documentais e na revisão de artigos, leis, projetos de lei, decretos federais e textos clássicos que versavam sobre GIZC e PEM. Para uma gestão costeira integrada e sustentável, o Projeto de Lei nº 6969/2013 requer ajustes, permanecendo os municípios costeiros na gestão de forma descentralizada e participativa para compatibilizar seus instrumentos de ordenamento do território local

A social and ecological assessment of tropical land uses at multiple scales: the Sustainable Amazon Network

Science has a critical role to play in guiding more sustainable development trajectories. Here, we present the Sustainable Amazon Network (Rede Amazonia Sustentavel, RAS): a multidisciplinary research initiative involving more than 30 partner organizations working to assess both social and ecological dimensions of land-use sustainability in eastern Brazilian Amazonia. The research approach adopted by RAS offers three advantages for addressing land-use sustainability problems: (i) the collection of synchronized and co-located ecological and socioeconomic data across broad gradients of past and present human use; (ii) a nested sampling design to aid comparison of ecological and socioeconomic conditions associated with different land uses across local, landscape and regional scales; and (iii) a strong engagement with a wide variety of actors and non-research institutions. Here, we elaborate on these key features, and identify the ways in which RAS can help in highlighting those problems in most urgent need of attention, and in guiding improvements in land-use sustainability in Amazonia and elsewhere in the tropics. We also discuss some of the practical lessons, limitations and realities faced during the development of the RAS initiative so far.Keywords: Social–ecological systems, Tropical forests, Land use, Interdisciplinary research, Sustainability, Trade-off

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

A inserção da zona costeira nas territorialidades da bacia hidrográfica do Rio São João - RJ: inter-relações, trocas e conflitos

The space is product, process and manifestation of the society, where if the contradictions of the social relations of production express all. When the hydrographical basins and the coastal zones are about the ambient questions, mainly in extremely complex environments as, are necessary to undertake an integrated plan of management, being indispensable that they make it in participative way, involving one diversified group to know, trying to the maximum to establish connector links polidisciplinares and multidimensional. The coastal zone can be considered a macro geo-ambient system, formed in the area of direct interaction enters the domain of the ocean and the terrestrial, composed dominions for different landscapes, sheltering an ecosystem diversity of high fragility requiring, therefore, special attention of the public power and the society, being inserted in the Brazilian Federal Constitution as area of national patrimony. Being represented for complex units, consisting of inter-relations between its systems. The area of study of this work is the Coastal Zone of the Hydrographic Basin of the River São João, who understands the space of influence of its continental and oceanic system, being considered a typical example of appropriation of the spaces natural, determined for the imposition of a culture that if relates with the nature for the value of exchange and not for its use. To manage the modifications of the multiple landscapes of the coastal hydrographical basins consists one of the great challenges faced for the most diverse sectors of the organized society, mainly those that use the existing natural resources in these areas. The task still more becomes complex if to consider that these areas are citizens the changes of diverse magnitudes. However, the compatibilização of the management of the coastal zone with the management of hydrographical basins blunts as a great challenge, requiring the composition of the legal, administrative, institutional aspects, technician. The plan of management for the coastal zone presents a mapping of the main problems and a plan of action to mitigate them. The main conflicts are related to the historical process of formation of the coastal space of the basin, having been necessary a coastal ecological-economic zoning aiming at to integrate and to command these spaces to the uses. This work has as objective to consider subsidies for a plan of management for the Coastal Zone of the Hydrographic Basin of the River São João, evaluating the inter-relations, interactions and conflicts with the management of the hydrographical basin, making compatible the multiple uses of the coastal spaces and its basin of draining, searching to command them in sustainable bases, through techniques of economic-ecological zoning, aiming at the development local.O espaço é produto, processo e manifestação da sociedade, onde se expressam todas as contradições das relações sociais de produção. Quando se tratam das questões ambientais, principalmente em ambientes extremamente complexos como as bacias hidrográficas e as zonas costeiras, é necessário empreender um plano de gestão integrado, sendo indispensável que o façam de modo participativo, envolvendo um diversificado grupo de saberes, tentando ao máximo estabelecer elos de ligações polidisciplinares e multidimensionais. A zona costeira pode ser considerada um macro sistema geoambiental, formado na área de interação direta entre o domínio do oceano e os domínios terrestres, compostas por diferentes paisagens, abrigando uma diversidade de ecossistemas de alta fragilidade requerendo, por isso, atenção especial do poder público e da sociedade, sendo inserida na Constituição Federal Brasileira como área do Patrimônio Nacional. Para seu melhor entendimento é representada por unidades complexas, constituídas de inter-relações organizacionais entre seus sistemas. A área de estudo deste trabalho é representada pela Zona Costeira da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio São João, que compreende o espaço de influência do seu sistema continental e oceânico, sendo considerada um exemplo típico de apropriação dos espaços natural, determinada pela imposição de uma cultura que se relaciona com a natureza pelo valor de troca (mercadoria), e não pelo seu uso. Gerenciar as modificações das múltiplas paisagens das bacias hidrográficas costeiras constitui um dos grandes desafios enfrentados pelos mais diversos setores da sociedade organizada, principalmente aqueles que utilizam os recursos naturais existentes nestas áreas. A tarefa torna-se ainda mais complexa se considerarmos que estas áreas estão sujeitas a mudanças de diversas magnitudes. Porém, a compatibilização do gerenciamento da zona costeira com a gestão de bacias hidrográficas, desponta como um grande desafio, requerendo a composição dos aspectos legais, administrativos, institucionais, técnicos. O plano de gerenciamento geoambiental para a zona costeira apresenta essa compatibilização através de um mapeamento dos principais problemas e de um plano de ação para mitigá-los. Os principais problemas interagem diretamente com os conflitos, estando relacionados ao processo histórico de formação do espaço costeiro da bacia, sendo necessário um zoneamento ecológico-econômico costeiro visando integrar e ordenar esses espaços aos usos. Este trabalho tem como objetivo propor um plano de gerenciamento geoambiental para a zona costeira da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio São João, avaliando as inter-relações e conflitos com a gestão da bacia hidrográfica, compatibilizando os usos múltiplos dos espaços costeiros e de sua bacia de drenagem, buscando ordená-los em bases sustentáveis, através de técnicas de zoneamento econômico-ecológico, visando o desenvolvimento local

The Oil Industry in Macaé: characteristics and socioeconomic impacts under the perspective of sustainable development

This study aims to analyze and discuss the main socioeconomic aspects of the evolutionary process of local development, after the arrival of the oil industry in Macaé. The methodology consisted of an exploratory and documentary research to base the study on the concepts of sustainability and local development. Results show the existing social externalities, the exploratory and centralized model of the undertaking, its impacts on local enterprises and society, and the absence of a better planning and management shared among the social, business and political actors involved. These findings are supported by experiences reported worldwide, and are associated with distributive environmental conflicts. Therefore, one can consider as indicative, the need for a more useful discussion about the spatial, cultural, political and social problems of the regions as a tool able to provide planned actions towards sustainability

Atualização do consenso brasileiro no diagnóstico e tratamento da artrite reumatóide Update on the brazilian consensus for the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

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A social and ecological assessment of tropical land uses at multiple scales:the Sustainable Amazon Network

Science has a critical role to play in guiding more sustainable development trajectories. Here, we present the Sustainable Amazon Network (Rede Amazonia Sustentavel, RAS): a multidisciplinary research initiative involving more than 30 partner organizations working to assess both social and ecological dimensions of land-use sustainability in eastern Brazilian Amazonia. The research approach adopted by RAS offers three advantages for addressing land-use sustainability problems: (i) the collection of synchronized and co-located ecological and socioeconomic data across broad gradients of past and present human use; (ii) a nested sampling design to aid comparison of ecological and socioeconomic conditions associated with different land uses across local, landscape and regional scales; and (iii) a strong engagement with a wide variety of actors and non-research institutions. Here, we elaborate on these key features, and identify the ways in which RAS can help in highlighting those problems in most urgent need of attention, and in guiding improvements in land-use sustainability in Amazonia and elsewhere in the tropics. We also discuss some of the practical lessons, limitations and realities faced during the development of the RAS initiative so far