Espacio de Recuperación Patrimonial del Hospital Vilardebó: rescate y conservación de los archivos históricos de la institución

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Los niños del reencuentro

El texto que presentaremos a continuación es un avance de la investigación en curso acerca de esta temática. Cuando iniciamos esta investigación partimos de ciertas premisas, y nos planteamos determinadas interrogantes como objetivos a demostrar. Definimos una estrategia que consideramos la más adecuada para el abordaje de un suceso histórico de características originales y de proyecciones políticas y sociales -en lo colectivo y en lo individual-; imprevisibles quizás, para quienes lo diseñaron y llevaron adelante, pero que se manifestaron con fuerza en el momento de su realización y que se prolongan en el presente. Analizamos el rol de la memoria como herramienta válida de reconstrucción e interpretación del pasado. Intentamos diferenciar cómo y cuándo se recuerda; cómo se determina la selección y jerarquización de los recuerdos por efecto del trascurso de la vida y de la Historia.Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (IdIHCS

Experimental challenges for high-mass matter-wave interference with nanoparticles

We discuss recent advances towards matter-wave interference experiments with free beams of metallic and dielectric nanoparticles. They require a brilliant source, an efficient detection scheme and a coherent method to divide the de Broglie waves associated with these clusters: We describe an approach based on a magnetron sputtering source which ejects an intense cluster beam with a wide mass dispersion but a small velocity spread of 10%. The source is universal as it can be used with all conducting and many semiconducting or even insulating materials. Here we focus on metals and dielectrics with a low work function of the bulk and thus a low cluster ionization energy. This allows us to realize photoionization gratings as coherent matter-wave beam splitters and also to realize an efficient ionization detection scheme. These new methods are now combined in an upgraded Talbot-Lau interferometer with three 266 nm depletion gratings. We here describe the experimental boundary conditions and how to realize them in the lab. This next generation of near-field interferometers shall allow us to soon push the limits of matter-wave interference to masses up to 10 megadaltons.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure

Matematica in digital proximity: un’esperienza di innovazione didattica

Quando nel marzo del 2020 la diffusione del COVID e la conseguente emergenza sanitaria hanno impedito la frequentazione in presenza dei corsi universitari, le Università si sono rapidamente attivate per rendere disponibili tutti corsi di quel secondo semestre in distance. La creazione di materiali, sempre più raffinati e facilmente usufruibili dagli studenti sulle piattaforme di e-learning, è stata portata avanti anche nell’anno accademico 2020/2021 durante il quale la presenza fisica negli spazi universitari era ancora contingentata. Con l’avvio dell’anno accademico 2021/2022 e lo stabilizzarsi della situazione sanitaria che consentiva un rientro, più o meno parziale, in presenza degli studenti un gruppo di docenti di Matematica dell’Università Bocconi si è posto il problema di cosa fare di tutto il materiale e dell’esperienza accumulata. In questo articolo si racconta l’esperienza della creazione di due classi di Matematica generale per l’economia (una in italiano e una in inglese) con l’erogazione didattica in modalità blended. Sono stati poi confrontate le performance agli esami degli studenti delle classi blended con quelli delle classi con didattica erogata in maniera tradizionale, i risultati hanno evidenziato dei risultati in linea con le altre classi e in taluni casi nettamente migliori a dimostrazione che l’esperienza svolta dai docenti delle Università italiane durante la fase pandemica si può rivelare un utile supporto didattico anche in periodi non emergenziali

Monitoring of lung edema by microwave reflectometry during lung ischemia-reperfusion injury in vivo

It is still unclear whether lung edema can be monitored by microwave reflectometry and whether the measured changes in lung dry matter content (DMC) are accompanied by changes in PaO(2) and in pro-to anti-inflammatory cytokine expression (IFN-gamma and IL-10). Right rat lung hili were cross-clamped at 37 degrees C for 0, 60, 90 or 120 min ischemia followed by 120 min reperfusion. After 90 min (DMC: 15.9 +/- 1.4%; PaO(2): 76.7 +/- 18 mm Hg) and 120 min ischemia (DMC: 12.8 +/- 0.6%; PaO(2): 43 +/- 7 mm Hg), a significant decrease in DMC and PaO(2) throughout reperfusion compared to 0 min ischemia (DMC: 19.5 +/- 1.11%; PaO(2): 247 +/- 33 mm Hg; p < 0.05) was observed. DMC and PaO(2) decreased after 60 min ischemia but recovered during reperfusion (DMC: 18.5 +/- 2.4%; PaO(2) : 173 +/- 30 mm Hg). DMC values reflected changes on the physiological and molecular level. In conclusion, lung edema monitoring by microwave reflectometry might become a tool for the thoracic surgeon. Copyright (c) 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel

Modeling neurocognitive and neurobiological recovery in addiction

This book focuses on "what to know" and "how to apply" information, prioritizing novel principles and delineating cutting-edge assessment, phenotyping and treatment tools

El viaje de los niños

En diciembre de 1983 llegaban a Uruguay 154 hijos de uruguayos exiliados. Este hecho inédito fue ideado y organizado por un grupo de uruguayos residentes en España y Uruguay y por españoles integrantes de organizaciones defensoras de los DDHH y del Gobierno español.Los uruguayos enviaron a sus hijos como avanzada de un próximo y certero desexilio. Los niños viajaban a un país en el cual sus padres corrían riesgo de ser apresados o secuestrados. Muchos de ellos eran hijos de presos políticos, desaparecidos oasesinados. Algunos incluso habían sufrido ellos mismos el secuestro o encarcelamiento junto a sus mayores, además de lo que implica en sí mismo el destierro en un niño.Para organizar este viaje trabajaron juntos los tres grupos que luego habrían de convivir en el país: exilio, inxilio y presos políticos. Es de destacar que la organización creada en Uruguay para ‘el viaje de los niños’ -la Comisión por el Reencuentro de los Uruguayos´ (CRU)-, logró ampliar sus objetivos primarios y a partir de 1985 amparó la salida de los presos políticos y la llegada de uruguayos a un país devastado por una crisis sin precedentes.Para esta investigación se ha relevado la prensa uruguaya e internacional; archivos, personales, estatales y de las organizaciones participantes y testimonios de los protagonistas

Verified and potential pathogens of predatory mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

Several species of phytoseiid mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae), including species of the genera Amblyseius, Galendromus, Metaseiulus, Neoseiulus, Phytoseiulus and Typhlodromus, are currently reared for biological control of various crop pests and/or as model organisms for the study of predator¿prey interactions. Pathogen-free phytoseiid mites are important to obtain high efficacy in biological pest control and to get reliable data in mite research, as pathogens may affect the performance of their host or alter their reproduction and behaviour. Potential and verified pathogens have been reported for phytoseiid mites during the past 25 years. The present review provides an overview, including potential pathogens with unknown host effects (17 reports), endosymbiotic Wolbachia (seven reports), other bacteria (including Cardinium and Spiroplasma) (four reports), cases of unidentified diseases (three reports) and cases of verified pathogens (six reports). From the latter group four reports refer to Microsporidia, one to a fungus and one to a bacterium. Only five entities have been studied in detail, including Wolbachia infecting seven predatory mite species, other endosymbiotic bacteria infecting Metaseiulus (Galendromus, Typhlodromus) occidentalis (Nesbitt), the bacterium Acaricomes phytoseiuli infecting Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot, the microsporidium Microsporidium phytoseiuli infecting P. persimilis and the microsporidium Oligosproridium occidentalis infecting M. occidentalis. In four cases (Wolbachia, A. phytoseiuli, M. phytoseiuli and O. occidentalis) an infection may be connected with fitness costs of the host. Moreover, infection is not always readily visible as no obvious gross symptoms are present. Monitoring of these entities on a routine and continuous basis should therefore get more attention, especially in commercial mass-production. Special attention should be paid to field-collected mites before introduction into the laboratory or mass rearing, and to mites that are exchanged among rearing facilities. However, at present general pathogen monitoring is not yet practical as effects of many entities are unknown. More research effort is needed concerning verified and potential pathogens of commercially reared arthropods and those used as model organisms in research

Los niños del reencuentro

El texto que presentaremos a continuación es un avance de la investigación en curso acerca de esta temática. Cuando iniciamos esta investigación partimos de ciertas premisas, y nos planteamos determinadas interrogantes como objetivos a demostrar. Definimos una estrategia que consideramos la más adecuada para el abordaje de un suceso histórico de características originales y de proyecciones políticas y sociales -en lo colectivo y en lo individual-; imprevisibles quizás, para quienes lo diseñaron y llevaron adelante, pero que se manifestaron con fuerza en el momento de su realización y que se prolongan en el presente. Analizamos el rol de la memoria como herramienta válida de reconstrucción e interpretación del pasado. Intentamos diferenciar cómo y cuándo se recuerda; cómo se determina la selección y jerarquización de los recuerdos por efecto del trascurso de la vida y de la Historia.Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (IdIHCS

A direct signaling role for phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) in the visual excitation process of microvillar receptors

Author Posting. © American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2005. This article is posted here by permission of American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Biological Chemistry 280 (2005): 16784-16789, doi:10.1074/jbc.M414538200.In microvillar photoreceptors the pivotal role of phospholipase C in light transduction is undisputed, but previous attempts to account for the photoresponse solely in terms of downstream products of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) hydrolysis have proved wanting. In other systems PIP2 has been shown to possess signaling functions of its own, rather than simply serving as a precursor molecule. Because illumination of microvillar photoreceptors cells leads to PIP2 break-down, a potential role for this phospholipid in phototransduction would be to help maintain some element(s) of the transduction cascade in the inactive state. We tested the effect of intracellular dialysis of PIP2 on voltage-clamped molluscan photoreceptors and found a marked reduction in the amplitude of the photocurrent; by contrast, depolarization-activated calcium and potassium currents were unaffected, thus supporting the notion of a specific effect on light signaling. In the dark, PIP2 caused a gradual outward shift of the holding current; this change was due to a decrease in membrane conductance and may reflect the suppression of basal openings of the light-sensitive conductance. The consequences of depleting PIP2 were examined in patches of light-sensitive microvillar membrane screened for the exclusive presence of light-activated ion channels. After excision, superfusion with anti-PIP2 antibodies induced the appearance of single-channel currents. Replenishment of PIP2 by exogenous application reverted the effect. These data support the notion that PIP2, in addition to being the source of inositol trisphosphate and diacylglycerol, two messengers of visual excitation, may also participate in a direct fashion in the control of the light-sensitive conductanceThis work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant EY07559