Detection of delayed hypersensitivity to Fonsecaea pedrosoi metabolic antigen (chromomycin).

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2015-03-23T13:03:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marques SG Detection of delayed............pdf: 77704 bytes, checksum: c9b14a2e6f2c037cf0c24c410b106a78 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2015-03-23T13:16:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Marques SG Detection of delayed............pdf: 77704 bytes, checksum: c9b14a2e6f2c037cf0c24c410b106a78 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-23T13:16:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marques SG Detection of delayed............pdf: 77704 bytes, checksum: c9b14a2e6f2c037cf0c24c410b106a78 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008Federal University of Maranhão. Nucleus of Tropical Pathology and Social Medicine. Department of Pathology. São Luis, MA, BrasilFederal University of Maranhão. Nucleus of Tropical Pathology and Social Medicine. Department of Pathology. São Luis, MA, BrasilFederal University of Minas Gerais. Institute of Biological Sciences. Department of Microbiology. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilFederal University of Maranhão. Department of Public Health. São Luis, MA, BrasilFederal University of Maranhão. Nucleus of Tropical Pathology and Social Medicine. Department of Pathology. São Luis, MA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilAn experimental study was conducted between January 2002 and April 2003 for the detection of delayed hypersensitivity to Fonsecaea pedrosoi metabolic antigen (chromomycin) in skin tests. A total of 194 subjects were attended by spontaneous demand at the Infectious and Parasitic Diseases outpatient clinic of the Federal University of Maranhão-UFMA and at the Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais-UFMG and classified into three groups: patients with chromoblastomycosis caused by F. pedrosoi (n=20), healthy subjects (n=86) and patients with other diseases (n=88). For the skin test, 0.1 ml of the antigen was applied to the anterior side of the right forearm and 0.1 ml Smith medium was applied to the anterior side of the left forearm as control. The results were analyzed 48 h after inoculation of the antigen and an induration >/= 5 mm was considered to indicate a positive test. A cellular immune response to chromomycin was detected in 18 (90.0%) of the 20 patients with chromoblastomycosis caused by F. pedrosoi, and one of the patients with a negative test had reactional leprosy. Eighty-five (98.8%) of the 86 healthy subjects presented a negative reaction and only one reacted positively to the antigen. The skin test was negative in all 88 (100%) patients with other diseases, such as dermatophytosis, paracoccidioidomycosis, pulmonary aspergilloma, candidiasis, pityriasis versicolor, tuberculosis, leprosy, tegumentary leishmaniasis and syphilis, and one case of chromoblastomycosis caused by Rhinocladiella aquaspersa. Chromomycin was effective in detecting delayed hypersensitivity in patients with chromoblastomycosis caused by F. pedrosoi, with a sensitivity and specificity of 90.0% and 98.8%, respectively. These results suggest that this antigen can be used in the auxiliary diagnosis of the disease and also in epidemiological studies for determination of the prevalence of chromoblastomycosis infection in endemic areas

Estado atual da leishmaniose cutânea difusa (LCD) no Estado do Maranhão: II. aspectos epidemiológicos, clínico-evolutivos

Os Autores fazem um estudo retrospectivo e prospectivo de 6 pacientes portadores de leishmaniose cutânea difusa, observados no Estado do Maranhão a partir de 1974. Os casos abordados são oriundos de diversas regiões do estado, observando-se em todos eles o envolvimento da leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis, sendo que 5 (84%) dos pacientes apresentaram início de doença na 1ª década de vida. Em todos os pacientes envolvidos no estudo, houve relato de lesão inicial nodular única, que, posteriormente, em período variável de tempo, disseminou-se adquirindo outros aspectos. Evolutivamente apresentaram múltiplas lesões nodulares e ulceradas, intradermorreação de Montenegro(-) e refratariedade aos esquemas terapêuticos utilizados até ao presente momento.<br>The authors describe a retrospective and prospective study of 6 patients with diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis observed in the State of Maranhão, since 1974. The patients comefromdifferentruralregions of the state and in all of them Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis was the cause five of the patients initiated their disease in the first decade of life. All the patients first had a solitary, nodular lesion, that after a variable period of time, disseminated and acquired other aspects. Sequentially the patients presented multiple nodular and ulcerative lesions, negative leishmania skin-lests and a refractory response to the therapeutic schedules used up to the present

Isolation of Fonsecaea pedrosoi from the shell of the babassu coconut (Orbignya phalerata Martius) in the Amazon region of Maranhão Brazil.

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2015-03-23T13:58:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marques SG Isolation of Fonsecaea.....pdf: 258977 bytes, checksum: 2305527c0649e27e4a5c9c881c404231 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2015-03-23T14:19:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Marques SG Isolation of Fonsecaea.....pdf: 258977 bytes, checksum: 2305527c0649e27e4a5c9c881c404231 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-23T14:19:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marques SG Isolation of Fonsecaea.....pdf: 258977 bytes, checksum: 2305527c0649e27e4a5c9c881c404231 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006Federal University of Maranhão. Nucleus of Tropical Pathology and Social Medicine. Department of Pathology. São Luis, MA, BrasilFederal University of Maranhão. Nucleus of Tropical Pathology and Social Medicine. Department of Pathology. São Luis, MA, BrasilFederal University of Maranhão. Nucleus of Tropical Pathology and Social Medicine. Department of Pathology. São Luis, MA, BrasilFederal University of Minas Gerais. Institute of Biological Sciences. Departmant of Microbiology. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilFederal University of Paraná. Department of Basic Pathology. Curitiba, PR, BrasilFederal University of Paraná. University Hospital. Department of Community Health. Infectology Service. Curitiba, PR, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFonsecaea pedrosoi, a dematiaceous fungus and the main causative agent of chromoblastomycosis, has been isolated in worldwide from different natural sources in regions where the disease is endemic. In the Amazon region of Maranhão, Brazil, where the disease is prevalent, the breaking of the babassu coconut (Orbignya phalerata Martius) represents an important agricultural activity. In order to determine the presence of this fungus on this plant and on other natural substrates, material was collected in the Fortaleza Village Municipality of Pinheiro, Maranhão, in April and September 2002. A total of 68 samples, including 18 (26.5%) obtained from the shell of the babassu coconut, were analyzed. Samples were cultured using a standard method. Isolates were identified based on macromorphological aspects of the colonies on Sabouraud dextrose agar and based on the micromorphology of the conidia after growth on potato dextrose agar. Exophiala sp. was the most prevalent fungus isolated from the different natural substrates analyzed, while Cladophialophora sp. was only isolated from decomposing wood. Fonsecaea pedrosoi was isolated from one sample of babassu coconut shell suggesting that this coconut represents an important source of infection of chromoblastomycosis during extraction of the plant product in this region

Cromoblastomicose produzida por Fonsecaea pedrosoi no Estado do Maranhão. I - aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos e evolutivos

Com o objetivo de verificar o comportamento clínico-epidemiológico da cromoblastomicose no Estado do Maranhão, foi feito um estudo retrospectivo e prospectivo de 13 casos, no serviço de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias do Hospital dos Servidores do Estado do Maranhão no período de nov/88 a julho/91. Para a investigação, foi utilizada uma ficha protocolo com todos os dados necessários para uma análise posterior. Nos casos analisados observou-se maior prevalência na faixa etária entre 50 e 60 anos (46,1%) e do sexo masculino (84,6%). Doze pacientes eram procedentes do Estado do Maranhão, dentre os quais 10 da microrregião da baixada ocidental maranhense. Quanto à profissão, 12 (92,3%) eram lavradores. Na sua maioria apresentavam as lesões nos membros inferiores deforma verrugo- confluentes, cor acastanhada, com prurido. O tempo de evolução variou de 0 a 15 anos em 12 casos (92,3%). Quanto aos aspectos laboratoriais, o exame histológico feito em 12 pacientes, diagnosticando cromoblastomicose em 100% deles e a cultura isolou Fonsecaea pedrosoi em 9 casos (70%). O tratamento realizado em todos os pacientes, com algumas variações foi feito com 5 - fluorocitosina apresentando bons resultados evolutivamente. Constatou-se neste trabalho uma provável zona endêmica de cromoblastomicose na microrregião da baixada ocidental maranhense, até agora desconhecida

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved