Trascendiendo textos y contextos: metodología para investigar polémicas mediáticas

Basándose en la revisión e interpretación de presupuestos teórico-metodológicos relativos a la comunicación social, el periodismo, la polémica, el análisis de contenido en los MCM y del discurso ideológico, este artículo fundamenta una metodología para investigar sobre polémicas mediáticas en publicaciones impresas, la cual es aplicable a controversias que circulan en medios digitales, adecuando a las peculiaridades de estos la variable correspondiente a la presentación de los materiales implicados en la disputa. Dicha propuesta permite registrar el contexto de la controversia sometida a escrutinio, su relevancia, temas; las características, ideologías y proceder de los actores; la estructuración del espacio discursivo que el medio le concede (ubicación, géneros, paratextos); la profundidad del debate, su lenguaje, tono y recursos; su tipología; las funciones que cumple; el alcance y repercusión dentro del Sistema de Comunicación y el Social. Asimismo, posibilita verificar la recepción que ha tenido en la esfera pública la polémica en cuestión

Comparison of clinical efficacy of methylprednisolone and serratiopeptidase for reduction of postoperative sequelae after lower third molar surgery

Background: Surgical removal of mandibular third molars results in some degree of post-operative pain, swelling and trismus. These can be controlled by proper administration of local anesthesia, careful bone removal, minimal trauma to adjacent soft tissues and administration of methylprednisolone and serratiopeptidase drugs. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of methylprednisolone and serratiopeptidase in controlling post- operative pain, swelling and trismus after surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars. Material and Methods: The subjects were divided into two groups of 50 patients each undergoing surgical removal of mandibular third molars. Group A was given methylprednisolone 4mg orally every 8th hourly and Group B was given serratiopeptidase 10 mg every 12th hourly orally. Post-operatively pain, swelling and trismus were evaluated at the end of 1st, 3rd and 5thday. Results: The results of this study showed that methylprednisolone is an effective analgesic, while serratiopeptidase has moderate analgesic activity. Serratiopeptidase is more effective than methylprednisolone in controlling post surgical swelling and trismus. Hence combination of these two drugs would be very effective than individual drug when widespread post-operative sequelae are expected after surgical removal of impacted lower third molars. Conclusions: We conclude that methylprednisolone affords better pain relief while serratiopeptidase exerts better anti-inflammatory and anti-swelling effects in the post-operative period. Synergistic combinations of these two drugs would however prove to be more effective when extensive post-operative sequelae are expecte

Calidad de prescripción de antimicrobianos en servicios seleccionados en hospitales clínico quirúrgicos

Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad de prescripción de antimicrobianos en dos hospitales universitarios clínico quirúrgicos de La Habana. Método: Estudio de prevalencia puntual de pacientes ingresados en los servicios de cirugía general, medicina interna, urología, y unidades de cuidados críticos, en junio 2008. Se obtuvo información de aquellos que utilizaban antimicrobianos, la que fue analizada por expertos, que determinaron aquellos con prescripción inadecuada. Se calculó la proporción uso de antimicrobianos y la proporción de prescripción inadecuada. Resultados: El 25,3% y 33,2% de los pacientes utilizaban antimicrobianos en los hospitales. El servicio de medicina interna del hospital B tuvo una proporción de uso (28.7%) superior al hospital A (6.06%). El hospital A tuvo frecuencias de uso inadecuado (77,1%) superiores (p < 0,05), siendo las causas fundamentales el uso sin evidencias de infección, la elección incorrecta del tratamiento y la profilaxis impropia. Conclusión: Se demuestran deficiencias en la calidad de prescripción que requieren fortalecer políticas institucionales, controles de calidad y programas formativos sobre antimicrobianos.Objective: To assess the quality of antimicrobials prescription in two university hospitals of Havana. Method: Puntual prevalence study were carry out in general surgery, internal medicine, urology, and critical care unit services, in June 2008. Information was obtained of those that used antimicrobials, the one that was analyzed by experts that determined those with inadequate prescription. It was calculated the proportion antimicrobials use and the proportion of inadequate prescription. Results: 25,3% and 33,2% of the patients used antimicrobials in hospitals. Internal medicine of the hospital B had an use proportion (28.7%) superior to the hospital A (6.06%). The hospital A highest frecuencies of inadequate use (77,1%) (p <0,05), being the fundamental causes the use without infection evidences, the incorrect election of the treatment and the inappropriate prophylaxis. Conclusion: Deficiencies are demonstrated in the quality of prescription that require to strengthen of political institutional, controls of quality and formative programs on antimicrobials

Calidad de prescripción de antimicrobianos en servicios seleccionados en hospitales clínico quirúrgicos

Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad de prescripción de antimicrobianos en dos hospitales universitarios clínico quirúrgicos de La Habana. Método: Estudio de prevalencia puntual de pacientes ingresados en los servicios de cirugía general, medicina interna, urología, y unidades de cuidados críticos, en junio 2008. Se obtuvo información de aquellos que utilizaban antimicrobianos, la que fue analizada por expertos, que determinaron aquellos con prescripción inadecuada. Se calculó la proporción uso de antimicrobianos y la proporción de prescripción inadecuada. Resultados: El 25,3% y 33,2% de los pacientes utilizaban antimicrobianos en los hospitales. El servicio de medicina interna del hospital B tuvo una proporción de uso (28.7%) superior al hospital A (6.06%). El hospital A tuvo frecuencias de uso inadecuado (77,1%) superiores (p < 0,05), siendo las causas fundamentales el uso sin evidencias de infección, la elección incorrecta del tratamiento y la profilaxis impropia. Conclusión: Se demuestran deficiencias en la calidad de prescripción que requieren fortalecer políticas institucionales, controles de calidad y programas formativos sobre antimicrobianos.Objective: To assess the quality of antimicrobials prescription in two university hospitals of Havana. Method: Puntual prevalence study were carry out in general surgery, internal medicine, urology, and critical care unit services, in June 2008. Information was obtained of those that used antimicrobials, the one that was analyzed by experts that determined those with inadequate prescription. It was calculated the proportion antimicrobials use and the proportion of inadequate prescription. Results: 25,3% and 33,2% of the patients used antimicrobials in hospitals. Internal medicine of the hospital B had an use proportion (28.7%) superior to the hospital A (6.06%). The hospital A highest frecuencies of inadequate use (77,1%) (p <0,05), being the fundamental causes the use without infection evidences, the incorrect election of the treatment and the inappropriate prophylaxis. Conclusion: Deficiencies are demonstrated in the quality of prescription that require to strengthen of political institutional, controls of quality and formative programs on antimicrobials

Open-label phase I/II clinical trial of SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine (FINLAY-FR-2) in combination with receptor binding domain-protein vaccine (FINLAY-FR-1A) in children

Objectives: To evaluate a heterologous vaccination scheme in children 3-18 years old (y/o) combining two SARS-CoV-2r- receptor binding domain (RBD)protein vaccines. Methods: A phase I/II open-label, adaptive, and multicenter trial evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of two doses of FINLAY-FR-2 (subsequently called SOBERANA 02) and the third heterologous dose of FINLAY-FR-1A (subsequently called SOBERANA Plus) in 350 children 3-18 y/o in Havana Cuba. Primary outcomes were safety (phase I) and safety/immunogenicity (phase II) measured by anti-RBD immunoglobulin (Ig)G enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), molecular and live-virus neutralization titers, and specific T-cells response. A comparison with adult immunogenicity and predictions of efficacy were made based on immunological results. Results: Local pain was the unique adverse event with frequency >10%, and none was serious neither severe. Two doses of FINLAY-FR-2 elicited a humoral immune response similar to natural infection; the third dose with FINLAY-FR-1A increased the response in all children, similar to that achieved in vaccinated young adults. The geometric mean (GMT) neutralizing titer was 173.8 (95% confidence interval [CI] 131.7; 229.5) vs Alpha, 142 (95% CI 101.3; 198.9) vs Delta, 24.8 (95% CI 16.8; 36.6) vs Beta and 99.2 (95% CI 67.8; 145.4) vs Omicron. Conclusion: The heterologous scheme was safe and immunogenic in children 3-18 y/o. Trial registry: https://rpcec.sld.cu/trials/RPCEC0000037