Disfunción familiar y bajo rendimiento académico en adolescentes de una institución educativa pública de Villa el Salvador, Lima-2022

El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo general determinar la relación entre la disfunción familiar y bajo rendimiento académico en adolescentes de una Institución Educativa Pública – Villa El Salvador, Lima 2022. El tipo de estudio fue descriptivo de alcance correlacional de corte transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 129 estudiantes de segundo grado de nivel secundaria de un centro educativo nacional ubicado en el distrito de Villa El Salvador. La prueba utilizada fue Cuestionario de evaluación de la Disfunción Familiar en Adolescentes entre 12 y 15 años. Los resultados obtenidos indican la existencia de una correlación directa y fuerte entre la disfunción de la familia y el bajo rendimiento académico (rho=.680) así como un p valor inferior a 0.05 confirmando la hipótesis alterna

New chromium-calcium titanate red ceramic pigment

Synthesis and characterization of a new chromium- calcium titanate red ceramic pigment is described in this communication. The pigment is based on the solid solution of chromium (IV) in calcium titanate and was characterized as red-brown pigment in a CaO- ZnO-SiO2 transparent glaze used for ceramic tiles (1080oC). XRD, UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy and CIE-L*a*b* techniques of characterization have been employed. The L*a*b* valour of the optimal pigment with 0,015 mol/mol of chromium fired at 1100oC with a soaking time of 3 hours and 5% weight added to the transparent glaze is 59.3/12.5/9.5. Likewise 5%w. addition of NHCl used as flux agent increase b* and decrease L* valour (L*a*b*=45.2/15.3/5.3)

Iron and chromium doped perovskite (CaMO3 M = Ti, Zr) ceramic pigments, effect of mineralizer

Solid solutions Ca(DxM1−x)O3 (M = Ti, Zr and D = Fe,Cr), have been studied as ceramic pigment in conventional ceramic glazes using 0.5 mol/mol of NH4Cl as flux agent by solid state reaction and by ammonia coprecipitation route. Ca(CrxTi1−x)O3 compositions obtained without addition of NH4Cl as mineralizer, produce pink color in glazes at low x but CaCrO4 crystallizes when x increases, producing undesired green colors. The crystallization of chromates can be avoided using NH4Cl as mineralizer, giving a complete solid solution that produce pink color in glazes at low x and dark blue shades at high x. Coprecipitated sample produce blue colors at low x and at low temperature than ceramic sample (1000 °C instead 1200 °C for CE sample). Cr4+ ion acts as red chromophore, but at higher x values (blue samples) Cr3+ ion entrance affects the color. Ca(FexTi1−x)O3 system crystallizes perovskite CaTiO3 and pseudobrookite Fe2TiO5 together with rutile as residual crystalline phase, glazed samples change from a yellow to a pink color associated to the increase of pseudobrookite with firing temperature. Ca(FexTi1−x)O3 and Ca(CrxZr1−x)O3 systems crystallize perovskite CaZrO3 and zirconia (ZrO2) in both monoclinic and cubic polymorphs, but iron or chromium oxides are not detected in the powders. Coprecipitated sample stabilises cubic form. The solid solution is not reached completely in these samples and is not stable in glaze

Photocatalytic Glazed Tiles

A parent glass in the SiO2–CaO–ZnO–B2O3–K2O–Al2O3 system, deposited and processed by the monoporosa firing method (1085 °C), was coated using a sol–gel procedure and by serigraphy with silica, bismuth oxide, zirconia, and anatase with thermal treatment at 600 °C. The photocata- lytic activity of the samples determined by degradation in the Orange II dye test shows that a first-order reaction according to the Langmuir- Hinshelwood model is followed. From the UV-Vis-NIR results the band gap calculated is around 3.5 eV for the parent glass and that with a silica coating, and slightly lower for the other coatings. The needle-shaped microstructure of the parent glass shows the best photocatalytic results in agreement with the literature. The preserved zircon microstructure can explain the relatively high results for the silica coating, which unexpect- edly showed better results than both the anatase and tetragonal zirconia coatings. Finally, the interaction with the parent glass can explain the relatively high results of the bismuth oxide sampl

Palliation with Oesophageal Metal Stent of Pseudoachalasia from Gastric Carcinoma at the Cardia: A Case Report

We present an 82-year-old woman with a 3-month history of progressive dysphagia and a normal initial upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The diagnosis of pseudoachalasia was suspected by oesophageal manometric and barium swallow studies, and confirmed by biopsies revealing an intestinal type carcinoma of the stomach at a repeated endoscopy. In view of the history of heart disease, diabetes, and old age, this patient was treated by a partially covered Ultraflex self-expanding metal stent (Boston Scientific, Natick, MA, USA) placed into the oesophageal body with no direct complications and obtaining the relief from dysphagia. During the 11-month follow-up she was treated for an iron deficiency anaemia due to reflux oesophagitis with ulcerations in the oesophageal body and died from myocardial infarction. According to the localization of the cancer, the old age, and the presence of comorbidities, we should recommend the insertion of a partially covered self-expanding metal stent as a reasonable palliative treatment in selected subjects with pseudoachalasia

Photocatalysts in ceramics

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are oxidation processes based on sufficient concentrations of hydroxyl radicals to degrade dissolved organic compounds present in water or those that are dispersed in air to mineral forms or at least toharmless organic compounds. It is a safe and clean technology and, in certain processes, solar radiation can be used as process initiator. Titanium oxide is currently the reference as photocatalytic material, given its high activity, relative stability, low cost, and low toxicity. In this study, the use of ‘ceramic’ photocatalysts (ceramic composites) in treatment processes for specific pollutants in urban environments (VOCs and NOx ) and waste waters (persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT) organic compounds) is analysed, as well as their use ‘in ceramics’ on glazed ceramic tiles as substrates for photocatalytic layers or photocatalytic glaze

Obtención de pigmentos cerámicos de perovskita CaTiO3 dopada con cromo y vanadio por descomposición metal-orgánica (MOD)

The Metal Organic Decomposition (MOD) route based on the chelation of a solution of metallic salts (usually nitrates) by policarboxylic acid (oxalic and citric), applied to the synthesis of ceramic pigments based on chromium and vanadium doped CaTiO3 perovskite, is presented in this paper. MOD synthesis allows preparing ceramic inks using the raw emulsioned materials directly or the nanostructured charried powders at 500ºC dispersed in DEG, and also stable ceramic pigments in glazes when the particle size and crystallization are sufficiently. In the CaTiO3 perovskite 20% molar modified with vanadium in the Ti position, ceramic inks using charried powders produce adequate orange shades and the fired powders at 1000ºC produce adequate orange colours in glazes. Samples of 1.5 molar addition of policarboxylic acids show the best pigmenting properties. In the case of CaTiO3 perovskite 1% molar modified with chromium in the Ti position, ceramic inks using charried powders produce adequate pink shades and the fired powders at 1000ºC produce adequate pink colours in glazes. Samples of 0.25 molar addition of policarboxylic acids show the best pigmenting propertie

Métricas alimentarias de dos condrictios meso-bentónicos en aguas de Chile central: Food metrics of two meso-benthic chondrichthyans in waters of central Chile

Little has been studied of the food metrics of most chondrichthyans, which provide baseline information for the assessment of fishing status to guide the development of ecosystem-based management plans. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to approach the isotopic niche of Dipturus chilensis and Callorhinchus callorynchus in Valparaíso (central Chile). The main findings showed that C. callorynchus presented a narrow ellipse (E= 0.79; RC= 4.14; θ= 1.39), meanwhile D. chilensis, presented an ellipse with greater extension (E= 0.95; RC= 8,23; θ= -0.11), therefore a wide isotopic niche

DIMETER: a haptic master device for tremor diagnosis in neurodegenerative diseases

In this study, a device based on patient motion capture is developed for the reliable and non-invasive diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. The primary objective of this study is the classification of differential diagnosis between Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET). The DIMETER system has been used in the diagnoses of a significant number of patients at two medical centers in Spain. Research studies on classification have primarily focused on the use of well-known and reliable diagnosis criteria developed by qualified personnel. Here, we first present a literature review of the methods used to detect and evaluate tremor; then, we describe the DIMETER device in terms of the software and hardware used and the battery of tests developed to obtain the best diagnoses. All of the tests are classified and described in terms of the characteristics of the data obtained. A list of parameters obtained from the tests is provided, and the results obtained using multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural networks are presented and analyzed

Estudio de las variantes alélicas CYP2C9*2 y CYP2C9*3 en muestras de población mestiza peruana

Introduction: CYP2C9 metabolizes approximately 15% of the prescribed drugs. Its gene has alleles whose frequencies differ between ethnic groups and populations. The alleles CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 account for an enzyme with decreased activity and their frequencies have not been determined in the Peruvian mestizo population.Objective: To characterize the frequencies of the allelic variants *2 (rs1799853) and *3 (rs1057910) of CYP2C9 gen in the Peruvian mestizo population from Lima, Tacna y Junín. Materials and methods: We conducted an observational, prospective cross-sectional study with non-probabilistic, by convenience, and incidental sampling. We included 218 subjects according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, all of whom had signed the informed consent. We obtained the genomic DNA from oral mucosa swab. For the detection of the CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 genotypes, we used real-time-polymerase chain reaction with TaqMan® probes.Results: The genotyping revealed that CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 variants have low frequencies (0.046 and 0.062, respectively). The frequency of intermediate metabolizers was 15.13% (CYP2C9*1/*2: 5.96%; CYP2C9*1/*3: 9.17%) and that of slow metabolizers was 3.22% (CYP2C9*2/*2: 1.38%; CYP2C9*3/*3: 1.38%; CYP2C9*2/*3: 0.46%).Conclusions: It was possible to determine the genotypic and allelic frequencies for the variants *2 and *3 of the CYP2C9 gene in a non-probabilistic sample of the Peruvian mestizo population. The frequencies obtained (0.046 and 0.062, respectively) corresponded to those expected for a South American mestizo population with Amerindian, European, African and Asian ancestry.Introducción. El citocromo CYP2C9 metaboliza, aproximadamente, el 15 % de los fármacos prescritos. Su gen presenta alelos cuyas frecuencias difieren entre grupos étnicos y poblaciones. Los alelos CYP2C9*2 y CYP2C9*3 dan cuenta de una enzima con actividad disminuida cuya frecuencia no ha sido determinada en la población mestiza peruana.Objetivo. Caracterizar la frecuencia de las variantes *2 (rs1799853) y *3 (rs1057910) del gen CYP2C9 en muestras de población mestiza peruana provenientes de Lima, Tacna y Junín.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio descriptivo, observacional y prospectivo, con muestreo no probabilístico, por conveniencia e incidental. Se incluyeron 218 sujetos según los criterios de inclusión y exclusión; todos los participantes otorgaron su consentimiento informado. El ADN genómico se obtuvo mediante hisopado de mucosa oral, y la detección de los genotipos para los alelos CYP2C9*2 y CYP2C9*3 se hizo mediante reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) en tiempo real, utilizando sondas TaqMan™.Resultados. Las variantes de CYP2C9*2 y CYP2C9*3 están presentes en la población mestiza peruana con frecuencias de 0,046 y 0,062, respectivamente. El análisis de las frecuencias genotípicas observadas permitió predecir que la frecuencia de fenotipos metabolismo intermedio sería del 15,13 % (CYP2C9*1/*2: 5,96 %; CYP2C9*1/*3: 9,17 %), y la de fenotipos de metabolismo lento, del 3,22 % (CYP2C9*2/*2: 1,38 %; CYP2C9*3/*3: 1,38 %; CYP2C9*2/*3: 0,46 %).Conclusiones. Se lograron determinar las frecuencias genotípicas y alélicas para las variantes *2 y *3 del gen CYP2C9 en una muestra no probabilística de población mestiza peruana