ANÁLISE DE APRENDIZAGEM COM EMPREGO DE SIMULADORES VIRTUAIS NA DISCIPLINA DE ACIONAMENTOS ELÉTRICOS DO CURSO DE ENGENHARIA MECATRÔNICA DO UNIT-AL

Este trabalho tem por objetivo tecer reflexões sobre o ensino de engenharia mecatrônica considerando o aprendizado dos alunos diante dos desafios do compreender os fenômenos da disciplina de acionamentos elétricos por meio de experimentos desenvolvidos através de simulações via software e montagens em bancadas. O estudo busca apreender a visão do aluno diante destas duas possibilidades didáticas e tecer considerações para uma a oferta atual de laboratórios virtuais

Geographic patterns of tree dispersal modes in Amazonia and their ecological correlates

Unidad de excelencia María de Maeztu CEX2019-000940-MAim: To investigate the geographic patterns and ecological correlates in the geographic distribution of the most common tree dispersal modes in Amazonia (endozoochory, synzoochory, anemochory and hydrochory). We examined if the proportional abundance of these dispersal modes could be explained by the availability of dispersal agents (disperser-availability hypothesis) and/or the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits (resource-availability hypothesis). Time period: Tree-inventory plots established between 1934 and 2019. Major taxa studied: Trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 9.55 cm. Location: Amazonia, here defined as the lowland rain forests of the Amazon River basin and the Guiana Shield. Methods: We assigned dispersal modes to a total of 5433 species and morphospecies within 1877 tree-inventory plots across terra-firme, seasonally flooded, and permanently flooded forests. We investigated geographic patterns in the proportional abundance of dispersal modes. We performed an abundance-weighted mean pairwise distance (MPD) test and fit generalized linear models (GLMs) to explain the geographic distribution of dispersal modes. Results: Anemochory was significantly, positively associated with mean annual wind speed, and hydrochory was significantly higher in flooded forests. Dispersal modes did not consistently show significant associations with the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits. A lower dissimilarity in dispersal modes, resulting from a higher dominance of endozoochory, occurred in terra-firme forests (excluding podzols) compared to flooded forests. Main conclusions: The disperser-availability hypothesis was well supported for abiotic dispersal modes (anemochory and hydrochory). The availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits seems an unlikely explanation for the distribution of dispersal modes in Amazonia. The association between frugivores and the proportional abundance of zoochory requires further research, as tree recruitment not only depends on dispersal vectors but also on conditions that favour or limit seedling recruitment across forest types

Decoding the role of mastoparans as immunomodulators of humoral responses against immunogens from social wasp venom

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, 2015.As espécies de vespas pertencentes ao táxon Aculeata (Hymenoptera) são caracterizadas pela presença de acúleo (do latim, aculeus) inoculador de peçonha. A severidade das manifestações clínicas deflagradas pelos eventos injuriosos infligidos por esses animais às suas vítimas depende tanto dos fatores associados à natureza da peçonha quanto às características idiossincráticas dos organismos infligidos. Os mastoparanos são tetradecapeptídeos polibásicos isolados da peçonha de algumas espécies de vespas capazes de elicitar respostas secretórias dos mastócitos que podem afetar o caráter das respostas imunes. O presente estudo culminou na caracterização estrutural de dois mastoparanos isolados da peçonha de Synoeca surinama, SynS MP I e SynS MP II, cujas estruturas primárias são INWLKLGQKIISAL-NH2 e INWFKLGQKIISAL-NH2, respectivamente. A liberação de componentes pré-formados e a ativação de fatores de transcrição associados à produção de mediadores em mastócitos quando da incubação dos peptídeos com linhagens de mastócitos mantidas em cultura foi investigada. SynS MP I e SynS MP II a 7,5 μM promoveram a liberação de β-hexosaminidase de mastócitos (10,8% e 7,4%, respectivamente). Ao reduzir a concentração dos peptídeos de 7,5 μM para 1 μM, não houve liberação detectável de β-hexosaminidase. A ativação de NFκB por SynS MP I e SynS MP II quando ensaiados a 7,5 μM (11,87% e 9,12%, respectivamente) não foi significativamente afetada face à redução da concentração dos peptídeos para 1 μM. Não foram observadas também diferenças de ativação de NFκB induzidas por SynS MP I e SynS MP II, assim como não foi constatada a indução da ativação de NFAT por nenhum dos peptídeos. O perfil de resposta exibido pelos mastócitos em razão da incubação com os mastoparanos SynS MP I e SynS MP II nas condições testadas não sugere a participação desses peptídeos como elementos precípuos à configuração de resposta imune tipo II, bem como à produção de IgE contra os imunógenos da peçonha de vespas.Wasp species belonging to Aculeata taxon (Hymenoptera) are characterized by aculeus, classical feature for venom inoculation. The severity of responses depends on both factors associated to the nature of venoms and idiosyncratic characteristics of the organisms inflicted. Mastoparans are polibasic tetradecapeptides isolated from wasp venoms. These peptides are capable of to elicit mast cells responses that may be affect the global immune responses. The present study resulted in the structural characterization of two mastoparans isolated from S. surinama, SynS MP I (INWLKLGQKIISAL-NH2) and SynS MP II (INWFKLGQKIISAL-NH2). The preformed mediators release and the activation of transcription factors associated to the mediators production in mast cells was investigated by using of mast cell lineages kept in culture. SynS MP II and SynS MP II at 7.5 μM induced the release of β-hexosaminidase activity in mast cells (10.8% and 7.4%, respectively). No detectable release of β-hexosaminidase activity was observed when the peptides concentrations were reduced from 7.5 μM to 1 μM. The NFκB activation in mast cells stimulated with SynS MP I and SynS MP II (11.87% and 9.12%, respectively) was not significantly affected when the test concentration was reduced to 1 μM. Differences were not observed between NFκB activation induced by SynS MP I and SynS MP II. In addition, both of them were not capable of activating NFAT in mast cells. The profile of mast cells degranulation induced during incubation with mastoparans SynS MP I and MP II in the conditions tested did not suggest the participation of these peptides as determinant elements of type II responses, as well as to the IgE production against immunogens from wasp venoms

Characterization of novel human intragenic antimicrobial peptides, incorporation and release studies from ureasil-polyether hybrid matrix

Intragenic antimicrobial peptides (IAPs) are internal sequences of proteins with physicochemical similarities to Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) that, once identified and synthesized as individual entities, present antimicrobial activity. Many mature proteins encoded by the genomes of virtually any organism may be regarded as inner reservoirs of IAPs, conferring them ample biotechnological potential. However, IAPs may also share shortcomings with AMPs, such as low half-life in biological media and non-specific adsorption in eukaryotic cells. The present manuscript reports a translational approach that encompasses the uncovering of two novel IAPs from human proteins as well as the first results concerning the incorporation and sustained release of one of these peptides from ureasil-polyether hybrid polymeric films. For such, the software Kamal was used to scan putative IAPs in the human proteome, and two peptides, named Hs05 and Hs06, were identified, synthesized, and tested as antimicrobials. Biophysical assays were conducted using model phospholipid vesicles and 1H NMR solution structures in phospholipid micelles were obtained for the IAP Hs05. This peptide was incorporated in a polymeric matrix composed of the ureasil/PPO-PEO-PPO triblock copolymer, and the resulting films were evaluated by atomic force microscopy and imaging mass spectrometry. The release rate of Hs05 from the polymeric matrix was assessed and the antimicrobial activity of Hs05-loaded hybrid polymeric films was evaluated against the bacterium Escherichia coli. This study represents the first steps towards the development of polymeric films enriched with IAPs obtained from the human proteome as sustained release devices for topical application.Instituto de Química (IQ)Faculdade de Medicina (FMD

Políticas para Fronteira, História e Identidade: a luta simbólica nos processos de demarcação de terras indígenas Terena

Este artigo analisa a problemática da fronteira a partir do estudo da situação dos índios Terena no Mato Grosso do Sul, localizados em aldeias de uma região de fronteira internacional. Pretendemos apresentar algumas reflexões teóricas sobre essas lutas simbólicas e também o processo de desenvolvimento da fronteira e seus efeitos sobre as sociedades indígenas. Pretendemos realizar dois movimentos analíticos: 1. a análise da luta simbólica que perpassa os processos judiciais desencadeados por conflitos territoriais entre os índios Terena e os produtores rurais, mostrando como a ideia de fronteira é ativada na construção de mecanismos políticos de exclusão e (des)legitimação de grupos étnicos; 2. a análise das políticas de Estado para a fronteira, as dinâmicas territoriais e sua confrontação com as políticas simbólicas indígenas nas diferentes situações locais na fronteira, que igualmente integram a luta simbólica por identidades reconhecidas como legítimas e territórios.<br>This article analyzes the issue of the border based on a study of the experiences of the Terena indigenous people in Mato Grosso do Sul, living in villages situated in an international border region. I present a number of theoretical reflections on these symbolic conflicts, the border development process and its effects on indigenous societies. The article contains two analytic movements: 1. an analysis of the symbolic conflict permeating the legal processes linked to the territorial conflicts between the Terena and rural producers, showing how the idea of the border is activated in the construction of political mechanisms for excluding and (de)legitimizing ethnic groups; 2. an analysis of the State's border policies, the territorial dynamics and its confrontation with the indigenous symbolic policies in the different local situations on the border, which also form part of the symbolic fight for recognition of the legitimacy of indigenous identities and territories

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2013: volume 2: metodologias de ensino e a apropriação de conhecimento pelos alunos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

V diretriz da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia sobre tratamento do infarto agudo do miocárdio com supradesnível do segmento ST

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V diretriz da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia sobre tratamento do infarto agudo do miocárdio com supradesnível do segmento ST

Resumo não disponíve