Distribución geográfica de los parientes silvestres del acervo genético mesoamericano del frijol lima (Phaseolus lunatus L.) en México

The Mesoamerican gene pool of wild Lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L., Fabaceae) is an important source of genes for genetic improvement of the species. Is widely distributed from northern Mexico to northern Argentina. Reports in Mexico indicate that this gene pool is distributed from Sinaloa to Chiapas on the Pacific Coast and southern Tamaulipas to the Yucatan Peninsula on the Coast of Gulf of Mexico, as well as, in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. However, despite the knowledge we have about the distribution of this gene pool, in Mexico there are still collecting gaps and unexplored regions. The objective of this study was to collect wild populations of Lima bean in Mexico to know its current distribution and establish management and conservation strategies. To do this, we collected within the natural distribution range of the Mesoamerican gene pool of Lima bean in Mexico, with the passport data was designed a geographical distribution map and assessed the conservation status of populations. Results indicated that wild populations of Lima bean have a wide geographical distribution localized mainly in tropical deciduous forest and semideciduous and elevations from zero to 2, 292 meters. In most wild population collected a low conservation status was observed, in consequence was proposed the development of strategies for in situ and ex situ conservation for wild populations with higher degree of erosion.El estudio de la fenología de las especies permite entender y predecir épocas de floración y fructificación útiles en el manejo de árboles tropicales caducifolios. La presente investigación se realizó en tres plantaciones de Cordia dodecandra (P1, P2 y P3) establecidas en el año 2002 en Xmatkuil, Yucatán, que se han manejado de diferente manera: poda, riego y deshierbe (P1); deshierbe (P2) y sin manejo (P3). Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron evaluar la fenología, la producción y calidad de los frutos de tres plantaciones. La fenología se determinó una vez al mes, utilizando el método de Fournier. La producción se evaluó cosechando y contabilizando la totalidad de frutos de todos los árboles de cada plantación, y la calidad del fruto, mediante el peso y medidas del largo y ancho de una muestra (n=20) de cada plantación. Además, se obtuvo el porcentaje de humedad de los mismos poniéndolos en una secadora a 60° C. Los resultados mostraron que P1 presentó hojas en porcentajes del 100% en septiembre 2011, en octubre disminuyó y el porcentaje de hojas fue de 25% y posteriormente en el periodo de noviembre 2011-agosto 2012 nuevamente hubo 100% de hojas. P2 y P3, perdieron sus hojas durante el periodo diciembre-marzo. Respecto a la floración, P1 presentó flores en porcentajes del 25% durante casi todo el año, a excepción de junio y julio, en los que no se registró la presencia de ninguna estructura floral; el pico máximo se observó en marzo. Las otras dos plantaciones sólo tuvieron floración durante la época de sequía (diciembre-mayo). En el mes de febrero, P2 presentó un pico máximo y P3 en marzo. La presencia de frutos en P1 se observó en octubre, noviembre y enero, incrementándose hasta obtener un pico máximo en mayo. En P2 la fructificación se observó de enero-junio y presentó un pico máximo en marzo, y en P3, de febrero-mayo con pico máximo en mayo. La mayor producción y calidad de frutos se registró en P1 presentando diferencias significativas

Taking the pulse of Earth's tropical forests using networks of highly distributed plots

Tropical forests are the most diverse and productive ecosystems on Earth. While better understanding of these forests is critical for our collective future, until quite recently efforts to measure and monitor them have been largely disconnected. Networking is essential to discover the answers to questions that transcend borders and the horizons of funding agencies. Here we show how a global community is responding to the challenges of tropical ecosystem research with diverse teams measuring forests tree-by-tree in thousands of long-term plots. We review the major scientific discoveries of this work and show how this process is changing tropical forest science. Our core approach involves linking long-term grassroots initiatives with standardized protocols and data management to generate robust scaled-up results. By connecting tropical researchers and elevating their status, our Social Research Network model recognises the key role of the data originator in scientific discovery. Conceived in 1999 with RAINFOR (South America), our permanent plot networks have been adapted to Africa (AfriTRON) and Southeast Asia (T-FORCES) and widely emulated worldwide. Now these multiple initiatives are integrated via ForestPlots.net cyber-infrastructure, linking colleagues from 54 countries across 24 plot networks. Collectively these are transforming understanding of tropical forests and their biospheric role. Together we have discovered how, where and why forest carbon and biodiversity are responding to climate change, and how they feedback on it. This long-term pan-tropical collaboration has revealed a large long-term carbon sink and its trends, as well as making clear which drivers are most important, which forest processes are affected, where they are changing, what the lags are, and the likely future responses of tropical forests as the climate continues to change. By leveraging a remarkably old technology, plot networks are sparking a very modern revolution in tropical forest science. In the future, humanity can benefit greatly by nurturing the grassroots communities now collectively capable of generating unique, long-term understanding of Earth's most precious forests.Additional co-authors: Susan Laurance, William Laurance, Francoise Yoko Ishida, Andrew Marshall, Catherine Waite, Hannsjoerg Woell, Jean-Francois Bastin, Marijn Bauters, Hans Beeckman, Pfascal Boeckx, Jan Bogaert, Charles De Canniere, Thales de Haulleville, Jean-Louis Doucet, Olivier Hardy, Wannes Hubau, Elizabeth Kearsley, Hans Verbeeck, Jason Vleminckx, Steven W. Brewer, Alfredo Alarcón, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Eric Arets, Luzmila Arroyo, Ezequiel Chavez, Todd Fredericksen, René Guillén Villaroel, Gloria Gutierrez Sibauty, Timothy Killeen, Juan Carlos Licona, John Lleigue, Casimiro Mendoza, Samaria Murakami, Alexander Parada Gutierrez, Guido Pardo, Marielos Peña-Claros, Lourens Poorter, Marisol Toledo, Jeanneth Villalobos Cayo, Laura Jessica Viscarra, Vincent Vos, Jorge Ahumada, Everton Almeida, Jarcilene Almeida, Edmar Almeida de Oliveira, Wesley Alves da Cruz, Atila Alves de Oliveira, Fabrício Alvim Carvalho, Flávio Amorim Obermuller, Ana Andrade, Fernanda Antunes Carvalho, Simone Aparecida Vieira, Ana Carla Aquino, Luiz Aragão, Ana Claudia Araújo, Marco Antonio Assis, Jose Ataliba Mantelli Aboin Gomes, Fabrício Baccaro, Plínio Barbosa de Camargo, Paulo Barni, Jorcely Barroso, Luis Carlos Bernacci, Kauane Bordin, Marcelo Brilhante de Medeiros, Igor Broggio, José Luís Camargo, Domingos Cardoso, Maria Antonia Carniello, Andre Luis Casarin Rochelle, Carolina Castilho, Antonio Alberto Jorge Farias Castro, Wendeson Castro, Sabina Cerruto Ribeiro, Flávia Costa, Rodrigo Costa de Oliveira, Italo Coutinho, John Cunha, Lola da Costa, Lucia da Costa Ferreira, Richarlly da Costa Silva, Marta da Graça Zacarias Simbine, Vitor de Andrade Kamimura, Haroldo Cavalcante de Lima, Lia de Oliveira Melo, Luciano de Queiroz, José Romualdo de Sousa Lima, Mário do Espírito Santo, Tomas Domingues, Nayane Cristina dos Santos Prestes, Steffan Eduardo Silva Carneiro, Fernando Elias, Gabriel Eliseu, Thaise Emilio, Camila Laís Farrapo, Letícia Fernandes, Gustavo Ferreira, Joice Ferreira, Leandro Ferreira, Socorro Ferreira, Marcelo Fragomeni Simon, Maria Aparecida Freitas, Queila S. García, Angelo Gilberto Manzatto, Paulo Graça, Frederico Guilherme, Eduardo Hase, Niro Higuchi, Mariana Iguatemy, Reinaldo Imbrozio Barbosa, Margarita Jaramillo, Carlos Joly, Joice Klipel, Iêda Leão do Amaral, Carolina Levis, Antonio S. Lima, Maurício Lima Dan, Aline Lopes, Herison Madeiros, William E. Magnusson, Rubens Manoel dos Santos, Beatriz Marimon, Ben Hur Marimon Junior, Roberta Marotti Martelletti Grillo, Luiz Martinelli, Simone Matias Reis, Salomão Medeiros, Milton Meira-Junior, Thiago Metzker, Paulo Morandi, Natanael Moreira do Nascimento, Magna Moura, Sandra Cristina Müller, Laszlo Nagy, Henrique Nascimento, Marcelo Nascimento, Adriano Nogueira Lima, Raimunda Oliveira de Araújo, Jhonathan Oliveira Silva, Marcelo Pansonato, Gabriel Pavan Sabino, Karla Maria Pedra de Abreu, Pablo José Francisco Pena Rodrigues, Maria Piedade, Domingos Rodrigues, José Roberto Rodrigues Pinto, Carlos Quesada, Eliana Ramos, Rafael Ramos, Priscyla Rodrigues, Thaiane Rodrigues de Sousa, Rafael Salomão, Flávia Santana, Marcos Scaranello, Rodrigo Scarton Bergamin, Juliana Schietti, Jochen Schöngart, Gustavo Schwartz, Natalino Silva, Marcos Silveira, Cristiana Simão Seixas, Marta Simbine, Ana Claudia Souza, Priscila Souza, Rodolfo Souza, Tereza Sposito, Edson Stefani Junior, Julio Daniel do Vale, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Dora Villela, Marcos Vital, Haron Xaud, Katia Zanini, Charles Eugene Zartman, Nur Khalish Hafizhah Ideris, Faizah binti Hj Metali, Kamariah Abu Salim, Muhd Shahruney Saparudin, Rafizah Mat Serudin, Rahayu Sukmaria Sukri, Serge Begne, George Chuyong, Marie Noel Djuikouo, Christelle Gonmadje, Murielle Simo-Droissart, Bonaventure Sonké, Hermann Taedoumg, Lise Zemagho, Sean Thomas, Fidèle Baya, Gustavo Saiz, Javier Silva Espejo, Dexiang Chen, Alan Hamilton, Yide Li, Tushou Luo, Shukui Niu, Han Xu, Zhang Zhou, Esteban Álvarez-Dávila, Juan Carlos Andrés Escobar, Henry Arellano-Peña, Jaime Cabezas Duarte, Jhon Calderón, Lina Maria Corrales Bravo, Borish Cuadrado, Hermes Cuadros, Alvaro Duque, Luisa Fernanda Duque, Sandra Milena Espinosa, Rebeca Franke-Ante, Hernando García, Alejandro Gómez, Roy González-M., Álvaro Idárraga-Piedrahíta, Eliana Jimenez, Rubén Jurado, Wilmar López Oviedo, René López-Camacho, Omar Aurelio Melo Cruz, Irina Mendoza Polo, Edwin Paky, Karen Pérez, Angel Pijachi, Camila Pizano, Adriana Prieto, Laura Ramos, Zorayda Restrepo Correa, James Richardson, Elkin Rodríguez, Gina M. Rodriguez M., Agustín Rudas, Pablo Stevenson, Markéta Chudomelová, Martin Dancak, Radim Hédl, Stanislav Lhota, Martin Svatek, Jacques Mukinzi, Corneille Ewango, Terese Hart, Emmanuel Kasongo Yakusu, Janvier Lisingo, Jean-Remy Makana, Faustin Mbayu, Benjamin Toirambe, John Tshibamba Mukendi, Lars Kvist, Gustav Nebel, Selene Báez, Carlos Céron, Daniel M. Griffith, Juan Ernesto Guevara Andino, David Neill, Walter Palacios, Maria Cristina Peñuela-Mora, Gonzalo Rivas-Torres, Gorky Villa, Sheleme Demissie, Tadesse Gole, Techane Gonfa, Kalle Ruokolainen, Michel Baisie, Fabrice Bénédet, Wemo Betian, Vincent Bezard, Damien Bonal, Jerôme Chave, Vincent Droissart, Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury, Annette Hladik, Nicolas Labrière, Pétrus Naisso, Maxime Réjou-Méchain, Plinio Sist, Lilian Blanc, Benoit Burban, Géraldine Derroire, Aurélie Dourdain, Clement Stahl, Natacha Nssi Bengone, Eric Chezeaux, Fidèle Evouna Ondo, Vincent Medjibe, Vianet Mihindou, Lee White, Heike Culmsee, Cristabel Durán Rangel, Viviana Horna, Florian Wittmann, Stephen Adu-Bredu, Kofi Affum-Baffoe, Ernest Foli, Michael Balinga, Anand Roopsind, James Singh, Raquel Thomas, Roderick Zagt, Indu K. Murthy, Kuswata Kartawinata, Edi Mirmanto, Hari Priyadi, Ismayadi Samsoedin, Terry Sunderland, Ishak Yassir, Francesco Rovero, Barbara Vinceti, Bruno Hérault, Shin-Ichiro Aiba, Kanehiro Kitayama, Armandu Daniels, Darlington Tuagben, John T. Woods, Muhammad Fitriadi, Alexander Karolus, Kho Lip Khoon, Noreen Majalap, Colin Maycock, Reuben Nilus, Sylvester Tan, Almeida Sitoe, Indiana Coronado G., Lucas Ojo, Rafael de Assis, Axel Dalberg Poulsen, Douglas Sheil, Karen Arévalo Pezo, Hans Buttgenbach Verde, Victor Chama Moscoso, Jimmy Cesar Cordova Oroche, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Massiel Corrales Medina, Nallaret Davila Cardozo, Jano de Rutte Corzo, Jhon del Aguila Pasquel, Gerardo Flores Llampazo, Luis Freitas, Darcy Galiano Cabrera, Roosevelt García Villacorta, Karina Garcia Cabrera, Diego García Soria, Leticia Gatica Saboya, Julio Miguel Grandez Rios, Gabriel Hidalgo Pizango, Eurídice Honorio Coronado, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Walter Huaraca Huasco, Yuri Tomas Huillca Aedo, Jose Luis Marcelo Peña, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Vanesa Moreano Rodriguez, Percy Núñez Vargas, Sonia Cesarina Palacios Ramos, Nadir Pallqui Camacho, Antonio Peña Cruz, Freddy Ramirez Arevalo, José Reyna Huaymacari, Carlos Reynel Rodriguez, Marcos Antonio Ríos Paredes, Lily Rodriguez Bayona, Rocio del Pilar Rojas Gonzales, Maria Elena Rojas Peña, Norma Salinas Revilla, Yahn Carlos Soto Shareva, Raul Tupayachi Trujillo, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Rodolfo Vasquez Martinez, Jim Vega Arenas, Christian Amani, Suspense Averti Ifo, Yannick Bocko, Patrick Boundja, Romeo Ekoungoulou, Mireille Hockemba, Donatien Nzala, Alusine Fofanah, David Taylor, Guillermo Bañares-de Dios, Luis Cayuela, Íñigo Granzow-de la Cerda, Manuel Macía, Juliana Stropp, Maureen Playfair, Verginia Wortel, Toby Gardner, Robert Muscarella, Hari Priyadi, Ervan Rutishauser, Kuo-Jung Chao, Pantaleo Munishi, Olaf Bánki, Frans Bongers, Rene Boot, Gabriella Fredriksson, Jan Reitsma, Hans ter Steege, Tinde van Andel, Peter van de Meer, Peter van der Hout, Mark van Nieuwstadt, Bert van Ulft, Elmar Veenendaal, Ronald Vernimmen, Pieter Zuidema, Joeri Zwerts, Perpetra Akite, Robert Bitariho, Colin Chapman, Eilu Gerald, Miguel Leal, Patrick Mucunguzi, Miguel Alexiades, Timothy R. Baker, Karina Banda, Lindsay Banin, Jos Barlow, Amy Bennett, Erika Berenguer, Nicholas Berry, Neil M. Bird, George A. Blackburn, Francis Brearley, Roel Brienen, David Burslem, Lidiany Carvalho, Percival Cho, Fernanda Coelho, Murray Collins, David Coomes, Aida Cuni-Sanchez, Greta Dargie, Kyle Dexter, Mat Disney, Freddie Draper, Muying Duan, Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert, Robert Ewers, Belen Fadrique, Sophie Fauset, Ted R. Feldpausch, Filipe França, David Galbraith, Martin Gilpin, Emanuel Gloor, John Grace, Keith Hamer, David Harris, Tommaso Jucker, Michelle Kalamandeen, Bente Klitgaard, Aurora Levesley, Simon L. Lewis, Jeremy Lindsell, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Jon Lovett, Yadvinder Malhi, Toby Marthews, Emma McIntosh, Karina Melgaço, William Milliken, Edward Mitchard, Peter Moonlight, Sam Moore, Alexandra Morel, Julie Peacock, Kelvin Peh, Colin Pendry, R. Toby Pennington, Luciana de Oliveira Pereira, Carlos Peres, Oliver L. Phillips, Georgia Pickavance, Thomas Pugh, Lan Qie, Terhi Riutta, Katherine Roucoux, Casey Ryan, Tiina Sarkinen, Camila Silva Valeria, Dominick Spracklen, Suzanne Stas, Martin Sullivan, Michael Swaine, Joey Talbot, James Taplin, Geertje van der Heijden, Laura Vedovato, Simon Willcock, Mathew Williams, Luciana Alves, Patricia Alvarez Loayza, Gabriel Arellano, Cheryl Asa, Peter Ashton, Gregory Asner, Terry Brncic, Foster Brown, Robyn Burnham, Connie Clark, James Comiskey, Gabriel Damasco, Stuart Davies, Tony Di Fiore, Terry Erwin, William Farfan-Rios, Jefferson Hall, David Kenfack, Thomas Lovejoy, Roberta Martin, Olga Martha Montiel, John Pipoly, Nigel Pitman, John Poulsen, Richard Primack, Miles Silman, Marc Steininger, Varun Swamy, John Terborgh, Duncan Thomas, Peter Umunay, Maria Uriarte, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Ophelia Wang, Kenneth Young, Gerardo A. Aymard C., Lionel Hernández, Rafael Herrera Fernández, Hirma Ramírez-Angulo, Pedro Salcedo, Elio Sanoja, Julio Serrano, Armando Torres-Lezama, Tinh Cong Le, Trai Trong Le, Hieu Dang Tra

CONDIÇÕES DE TRABALHO DOS LICENCIADOS EM ENFERMAGEM NO URUGUAI. ESTUDO DESCRITIVO COMPARAT IVO EM 1993/2013

Human resources in health so far have remained overlooked in most reforms, so that the Pan American Health Organization launched an initiative for better policies for this sector. The Uruguayan reform of the health system management also implemented new tools to work on policies regarding this issue. In order to investigate the changes that occurred in the distribution, employment status and working conditions of the Nursing graduates in the last twenty years, we compared the 1993 and 2013 surveys, in a retrospective descriptive part-comparative study conducted in Montevideo, Uruguay. It was found that this profession remains largely a female choice, although there has been a slight increase in male workers. There was an increasing number of nursing graduates working in the rural areas and also an increase in the amount of them working in the public sector and holding more than one job. Uruguay has not yet reached the first goal of the Pan American Health Organization.More current data is needed for a more accurate comparison, since the second part of the 2013 survey, which goes more in depth into working conditions, has not yet been released. It would be advisable to research about the reasons to work in more than one job and also the reasons to work in Montevideo in order to develop state policies that meet the needs and problems already identified.Los recursos humanos en salud, hasta el momento habían permanecido al margen de la consideración en la mayoría de las reformas, por lo que la Organización Panamericana de la Salud lanzó una iniciativa de una mejor elaboración de políticas para este sector. Asimismo, Uruguay con la reforma del sistema de salud también implementa herramientas de gestión para decidir políticas con respecto a este tema. Con el objetivo de conocer los cambios en cuanto a la distribución, situación laboral y algunas de las condiciones de trabajo de los Licenciados en Enfermería en Uruguay en estos últimos veinte años, en este trabajo se recurrió al estudio de los censos existentes en el país de los años 1993 y 2013. Realizamos un estudio descriptivoretrospectivo parcial-comparativo, realizado en Montevideo, Uruguay. Se tomaron como sujeto de estudio a los Licenciados en Enfermería censados en los años 1993 y 2013. Los resultados fueron que la profesión Enfermera continúa siendo de elección mayoritariamente femenina, aunque se ha observado un leve aumento de electores masculinos. Se podría afirmar que hubo un incremento de Licenciados en Enfermería trabajando en el interior del país y un aumento también en la cantidad de los mismos trabajando en el sector público. En cuanto a la carga horaria se acrecentó el número de dichos profesionales trabajando en dos empleos. Aún no se ha logrado en el Uruguay alcanzar la Meta 1 de la OPS. Se concluyó que existe aún falta de datos actuales que permitan una comparación más exacta, dado que no se ha lanzado todavía la segunda partedel censo de 2013, donde se profundizaría en las Condiciones laborales. Sería recomendable investigar acerca de las causales de multiempleo y la decisión de trabajar en Montevideo, para poder así desarrollar políticas de Estado acordes a las necesidades y problemas detectados en todo el país.Recursos Humanos em Saúde, até agora, não tinham sido levados em consideração, na maioria das reformas, portanto, a Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde (OPAS) lançou uma iniciativa para melhorar a elaboração de políticas para esse setor. Sendo assim, com a reforma do sistema de saúde, o Uruguai também implementa instrumentos de gestão para decisões políticas sobre esse tema. Com o objetivo de conhecer as mudanças na distribuição, situação de trabalho e algumas das condições de trabalho dos Licenciados em Enfermagem no Uruguai, nos últimos 20 anos, esse trabalho utilizou o estudo dos censos existentes no país dos anos 1993 e 2013. Estudo parcial descritivo-retrospectivo comparativo, realizado em Montevidéu, Uruguai. Foram tomados como sujeito de estudo osLicenciados em Enfermagem recenseados em 1993 e 2013. A profissão de enfermagem permanece, majoritariamente, como escolha pelo sexo feminino, mas, observou-se um leve aumento na escolha pelo sexo masculino. Pode-se afirmar que houve um aumento de Licenciados em Enfermagem que trabalham no interior do país e, também, um aumento na quantidade dos mesmos que trabalha no setor público. Quanto ao número de horas trabalhadas, aumentou o número desses profissionais que trabalha em dois empregos. Ainda não foi alcançada no Uruguai a meta I da OPAS (Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde). Há ainda uma falta de dados atualizados que permita uma comparação mais precisa, uma vez que não foi realizada ainda a segunda parte do censo de 2013, que iria aprofundar nas condições de trabalho. É recomendado pesquisar as causas do multiemprego e da decisão de trabalhar em Montevidéu, para assim desenvolver políticas de Estado orientadas às necessidades e problemas identificados em todo o país.

Distribución geográfica de los parientes silvestres del acervo genético mesoamericano del frijol lima (Phaseolus lunatus L.) en México

Abstract: The Mesoamerican gene pool of wild lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L., Fabaceae) is an important source of genes for genetic improvement of the species. Is widely distributed from northern Mexico to northern Argentina. Reports in Mexico indicate that this gene pool is distributed from Sinaloa to Chiapas on the Pacific Coast and southern Tamaulipas to the Yucatan Peninsula on the Coast of Gulf of Mexico, as well as, in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. However, despite the knowledge we have about the distribution of this gene pool, in Mexico there are still collecting gaps and unexplored regions. The objective of this study was to collect wild populations of lima bean in Mexico to know its current distribution and establish management and conservation strategies. To do this, we collected within the natural distribution range of the Mesoamerican gene pool of lima bean in Mexico, with the passport data was designed a geographical distribution map and assessed the conservation status of populations. Results indicated that wild populations of lima bean have a wide geographical distribution localized mainly in tropical deciduous forest and semideciduous and elevations from zero to 2 292 meters. In most wild population collected a low conservation status was observed, in consequence was proposed the development of strategies for in situ and ex situ conservation for wild populations with higher degree of erosion.Resumen: El acervo genético mesoamericano del frijol lima silvestre (Phaseolus lunatus L., Fabaceae) representa una fuente importante de genes para el mejoramiento genético de la especie. Presenta una amplia distribución geográfica que abarca del norte de México al norte de Argentina. En México los reportes muestran que este acervo se distribuye de Sinaloa hasta la región de Chiapas, por la costa del Pacífico y del sur de Tamaulipas hasta la Península de Yucatán por la Costa del Golfo de México, así como también en la región del Istmo de Tehuantepec. Sin embargo, a pesar del conocimiento que se tiene sobre la distribución de este acervo, en México aún existen regiones con vacíos de colecta para P. lunatus. El objetivo del presente trabajo consistió en realizar colectas de poblaciones silvestres del frijol lima en México, para conocer su distribución actual y establecer estrategias de manejo y conservación. Para ello, se realizaron colectas dentro del área de distribución natural del acervo genético mesoamericano del frijol lima en México, se diseño un mapa de distribución geográfica con los datos de pasaporte y se analizó el estado de conservación de las poblaciones. Los resultados demostraron que las poblaciones silvestres del frijol lima, presentan una amplia distribución geográfica localizándose principalmente en zonas de selva tropical caducifolia y subcaducifolia con altitudes de cero a 2 292 metros. Se observó un bajo estado de conservación en la mayoría de las poblaciones silvestres colectadas, en consecuencia, se propuso el desarrollo de estrategias de conservación in situ y ex situ para las poblaciones silvestres con mayor grado de erosión

Primer Encuentro Internacional de Experiencias de Investigación en Ciencias Administrativas

Este evento de investigación organizado por la Escuela de Administración de la Universidad del Rosario surgió como una iniciativa para fomentar la investigación formativa en áreas administrativas. El evento, al que asistieron 165 participantes, contó con dos conferencias centrales, 30 ponencias presentadas en 8 simposios y 7 posters. La participación de distintas universidades permitió un intercambio académico muy importante y formativo para los ponentes y asistentes en general, promoviendo el interés por la investigación en el campo de la administración, el cual fue el interés central de este encuentro. Este encuentro recibió el apoyo de las directivas de la Universidad del Rosario, la Señora vicerrectora Stephanie Lavaux, el Señor Decano de la Escuela de Administración, Dr. Alejandro Cheyne, ACBSP (Accreditation Council for Business Schools & Programs) y Asociación Colombiana de Facultades de Administración (ASCOLFA)

Association between convalescent plasma treatment and mortality in COVID-19: a collaborative systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Abstract Background Convalescent plasma has been widely used to treat COVID-19 and is under investigation in numerous randomized clinical trials, but results are publicly available only for a small number of trials. The objective of this study was to assess the benefits of convalescent plasma treatment compared to placebo or no treatment and all-cause mortality in patients with COVID-19, using data from all available randomized clinical trials, including unpublished and ongoing trials (Open Science Framework, https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/GEHFX ). Methods In this collaborative systematic review and meta-analysis, clinical trial registries (ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform), the Cochrane COVID-19 register, the LOVE database, and PubMed were searched until April 8, 2021. Investigators of trials registered by March 1, 2021, without published results were contacted via email. Eligible were ongoing, discontinued and completed randomized clinical trials that compared convalescent plasma with placebo or no treatment in COVID-19 patients, regardless of setting or treatment schedule. Aggregated mortality data were extracted from publications or provided by investigators of unpublished trials and combined using the Hartung–Knapp–Sidik–Jonkman random effects model. We investigated the contribution of unpublished trials to the overall evidence. Results A total of 16,477 patients were included in 33 trials (20 unpublished with 3190 patients, 13 published with 13,287 patients). 32 trials enrolled only hospitalized patients (including 3 with only intensive care unit patients). Risk of bias was low for 29/33 trials. Of 8495 patients who received convalescent plasma, 1997 died (23%), and of 7982 control patients, 1952 died (24%). The combined risk ratio for all-cause mortality was 0.97 (95% confidence interval: 0.92; 1.02) with between-study heterogeneity not beyond chance (I2 = 0%). The RECOVERY trial had 69.8% and the unpublished evidence 25.3% of the weight in the meta-analysis. Conclusions Convalescent plasma treatment of patients with COVID-19 did not reduce all-cause mortality. These results provide strong evidence that convalescent plasma treatment for patients with COVID-19 should not be used outside of randomized trials. Evidence synthesis from collaborations among trial investigators can inform both evidence generation and evidence application in patient care