Effects of financial restrictions on firms’ financial resilience against the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from the European hospitality industry

[EN] The COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected the tourism sector and the survival of hospitality firms. This study examines how hospitality firms’ financial characteristics prior to the outbreak of the pandemic determined their financial resilience. We analysed a sample of large European firms operating in the hospitality industry from 2016 to 2020. Using ordinary least squares, we find significant impacts of both COVID-19 incidence (negative) and the strength of the health system (positive) on firms’ financial health. Our results show that firms’ recent pre-COVID-19 profitability, leverage, tangibility, and liquidity histories are key drivers of their financial health in the presence of this exogenous and extremely negative shock. Furthermore, a contextual macroeconomic factor, the interest rate, introduced as a proxy for external financial restrictions, plays a key role in the effects of liquidity and debt on firms’ financial health. With higher interest rates, firms accumulated liquidity during the years prior to the pandemic, making them more resilient to the shock; in contrast, with lower interest rates, a history of limited leverage and tangibility contributed to making hospitality firms more resilient in 2020.SIThe work was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación [PID2020- 114797GB-I00,PID2021-124950OB-I00]; Universidad de León [ULE2021/00154/001]

Estrategias de fortalecimiento de la seguridad y soberanía alimentaria en medio del covid-19 en Colombia

In the midst of the health emergency caused by COVID-19 in Colombia, strategies have been generated to strengthen food security and sovereignty. Among the mechanisms adopted by urban and rural communities and local governments are alternative ways of obtaining food, one of which is trueque, which allows the exchange of food produced by peasants between territories. In Bogota, mercados campesinos have been strengthened, which have made it possible to bring food produced by peasants in Tolima, Meta and Boyacá to urban households, promoting short marketing circuits and fair payment to producers. In spite of these alternatives, the demonstrations to make visible the hunger of the households emerged the trapos rojos (red rags) in the houses, which have alerted about the situation of a good part of Colombians and have encouraged solidarity among neighbors. The position of academia has been avant-garde, directly involving peasants in processes to guarantee the right to food in Colombia.En medio de la emergencia sanitaria producida por la COVID-19 en Colombia se han generado estrategias para el fortalecimiento de la seguridad y soberanía alimentaria. Dentro de los mecanismos adoptados por las comunidades urbanas y rurales y los gobiernos locales se encuentran formas alternativas en la obtención de alimentos, una de ellas es el trueque, el cual permite intercambiar alimentos producidos por las y los campesinos entre territorios. En Bogotá se han estado fortaleciendo los mercados campesinos, los que han permitido llevar a los hogares urbanos alimentos producidos por las y los campesinos en Tolima, Meta y Boyacá fomentando los circuitos cortos de comercialización y el pago justo a los productores. A pesar de estas alternativas, las manifestaciones para visibilizar el hambre de los hogares surgieron como trapos rojos en las puertas y ventanas de las casas, los que han alertado sobre la situación de buena parte de colombianos y han alentado la solidaridad entre vecinos. La posición de la academia ha sido vanguardista vinculando de manera directa a las y los campesinos en procesos por la garantía del derecho a la alimentación en Colombia

Advances on the Implementation of Circular Economy Techniques in Rural Areas in Colombia under a Sustainable Development Framework

[EN] For the first time in the scientific literature, this research shows an analysis of the implementation of circular economy techniques under sustainable development framework in six municipalities with a depressed economy in Colombia. The analysis is based on solid waste data production at a local scale, the valuation of the waste for subsequent recycling, and the identification and quantification of the variables associated with the treatment and final disposal of waste, in accordance with the Colombian regulatory framework. Waste generation data are obtained considering three different scenarios, in which a comparison between the simulated values and those established in the management plans are compared. Important differences have been identified between the waste management programs of each municipality, specifically regarding the components of waste collection, transportation and disposal, participation of environmental reclaimers, and potential use of materials. These differences are fundamentally associated with the different administrative processes considered for each individual municipality. This research is a good starting point for the development of waste management models based on circular economy techniques, through the subsequent implementation of an office tool in depressed regions such as those studied.Rodrigo-Ilarri, J.; Vargas-Terranova, C.; Rodrigo-Clavero, M.; Bustos-Castro, P. (2021). Advances on the Implementation of Circular Economy Techniques in Rural Areas in Colombia under a Sustainable Development Framework. Sustainability. 13(7):1-21. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13073816S121137J. Padilla, A., & Trujillo, J. C. (2018). Waste disposal and households’ heterogeneity. Identifying factors shaping attitudes towards source-separated recycling in Bogotá, Colombia. Waste Management, 74, 16-33. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2017.11.052Valenzuela‐Levi, N. (2020). Waste Political Settlements in Colombia and Chile: Power, Inequality and Informality in Recycling. Development and Change, 51(4), 1098-1122. doi:10.1111/dech.12591Borowski, P. F. (2021). Innovation strategy on the example of companies using bamboo. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 10(1). doi:10.1186/s13731-020-00144-2Khandelwal, H., Dhar, H., Thalla, A. K., & Kumar, S. (2019). Application of life cycle assessment in municipal solid waste management: A worldwide critical review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 209, 630-654. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.10.233Turcott Cervantes, D. E., López Martínez, A., Cuartas Hernández, M., & Lobo García de Cortázar, A. (2018). Using indicators as a tool to evaluate municipal solid waste management: A critical review. Waste Management, 80, 51-63. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2018.08.046Zhang, D. Q., Tan, S. K., & Gersberg, R. M. (2010). Municipal solid waste management in China: Status, problems and challenges. Journal of Environmental Management, 91(8), 1623-1633. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.03.012Kuehr, R. (2007). Towards a sustainable society: United Nations University’s Zero Emissions Approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 15(13-14), 1198-1204. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2006.07.020Wagner, T., & Arnold, P. (2008). A new model for solid waste management: an analysis of the Nova Scotia MSW strategy. Journal of Cleaner Production, 16(4), 410-421. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2006.08.016Margallo, M., Ziegler-Rodriguez, K., Vázquez-Rowe, I., Aldaco, R., Irabien, Á., & Kahhat, R. (2019). Enhancing waste management strategies in Latin America under a holistic environmental assessment perspective: A review for policy support. Science of The Total Environment, 689, 1255-1275. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.393Cobo, S., Dominguez-Ramos, A., & Irabien, A. (2018). From linear to circular integrated waste management systems: A review of methodological approaches. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 135, 279-295. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.08.003Arena, U., & Di Gregorio, F. (2014). A waste management planning based on substance flow analysis. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 85, 54-66. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2013.05.008Żelaziński, T. (2021). Properties of Biocomposites from Rapeseed Meal, Fruit Pomace and Microcrystalline Cellulose Made by Press Pressing: Mechanical and Physicochemical Characteristics. Materials, 14(4), 890. doi:10.3390/ma14040890Laurent, A., Bakas, I., Clavreul, J., Bernstad, A., Niero, M., Gentil, E., … Christensen, T. H. (2014). Review of LCA studies of solid waste management systems – Part I: Lessons learned and perspectives. Waste Management, 34(3), 573-588. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2013.10.045Ferronato, N., Rada, E. C., Gorritty Portillo, M. A., Cioca, L. I., Ragazzi, M., & Torretta, V. (2019). Introduction of the circular economy within developing regions: A comparative analysis of advantages and opportunities for waste valorization. Journal of Environmental Management, 230, 366-378. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.095Vaccari, M., Torretta, V., & Collivignarelli, C. (2012). Effect of Improving Environmental Sustainability in Developing Countries by Upgrading Solid Waste Management Techniques: A Case Study. Sustainability, 4(11), 2852-2861. doi:10.3390/su4112852Zurbrügg, C., Caniato, M., & Vaccari, M. (2014). How Assessment Methods Can Support Solid Waste Management in Developing Countries—A Critical Review. Sustainability, 6(2), 545-570. doi:10.3390/su6020545Borowski, P. F. (2017). Environmental pollution as a threats to the ecology and development in Guinea Conakry. Ochrona Srodowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych, 28(4), 27-32. doi:10.1515/oszn-2017-0026Vaccari, M., Tudor, T., & Vinti, G. (2019). Characteristics of leachate from landfills and dumpsites in Asia, Africa and Latin America: an overview. Waste Management, 95, 416-431. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2019.06.032Idowu, I. A., Atherton, W., Hashim, K., Kot, P., Alkhaddar, R., Alo, B. I., & Shaw, A. (2019). An analyses of the status of landfill classification systems in developing countries: Sub Saharan Africa landfill experiences. Waste Management, 87, 761-771. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2019.03.011Wang, F., Cheng, Z., Reisner, A., & Liu, Y. (2018). Compliance with household solid waste management in rural villages in developing countries. Journal of Cleaner Production, 202, 293-298. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.135De S. Pereira, T., & Fernandino, G. (2019). Evaluation of solid waste management sustainability of a coastal municipality from northeastern Brazil. Ocean & Coastal Management, 179, 104839. doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.104839Costa, I. M., & Ferreira Dias, M. (2020). Evolution on the solid urban waste management in Brazil: A portrait of the Northeast Region. Energy Reports, 6, 878-884. doi:10.1016/j.egyr.2019.11.033Manfredi, S., & Christensen, T. H. (2009). Environmental assessment of solid waste landfilling technologies by means of LCA-modeling. Waste Management, 29(1), 32-43. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2008.02.021Guerrero, L. A., Maas, G., & Hogland, W. (2013). Solid waste management challenges for cities in developing countries. Waste Management, 33(1), 220-232. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2012.09.008Botello-Álvarez, J. E., Rivas-García, P., Fausto-Castro, L., Estrada-Baltazar, A., & Gomez-Gonzalez, R. (2018). Informal collection, recycling and export of valuable waste as transcendent factor in the municipal solid waste management: A Latin-American reality. Journal of Cleaner Production, 182, 485-495. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.02.065Aparcana, S. (2017). Approaches to formalization of the informal waste sector into municipal solid waste management systems in low- and middle-income countries: Review of barriers and success factors. Waste Management, 61, 593-607. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2016.12.028Wilson, D. C., Rodic, L., Scheinberg, A., Velis, C. A., & Alabaster, G. (2012). Comparative analysis of solid waste management in 20 cities. Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy, 30(3), 237-254. doi:10.1177/0734242x12437569Medina, M. (2000). Scavenger cooperatives in Asia and Latin America. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 31(1), 51-69. doi:10.1016/s0921-3449(00)00071-9Wilson, D. C., Velis, C., & Cheeseman, C. (2006). Role of informal sector recycling in waste management in developing countries. Habitat International, 30(4), 797-808. doi:10.1016/j.habitatint.2005.09.005Gutberlet, J. (2015). Cooperative urban mining in Brazil: Collective practices in selective household waste collection and recycling. Waste Management, 45, 22-31. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2015.06.023Anwar, S., Elagroudy, S., Abdel Razik, M., Gaber, A., Bong, C. P. C., & Ho, W. S. (2018). Optimization of solid waste management in rural villages of developing countries. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 20(3), 489-502. doi:10.1007/s10098-018-1485-7Patwa, A., Parde, D., Dohare, D., Vijay, R., & Kumar, R. (2020). Solid waste characterization and treatment technologies in rural areas: An Indian and international review. Environmental Technology & Innovation, 20, 101066. doi:10.1016/j.eti.2020.101066Elgie, A. R., Singh, S. J., & Telesford, J. N. (2021). You can’t manage what you can’t measure: The potential for circularity in Grenada’s waste management system. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 164, 105170. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105170Yıldız-Geyhan, E., Yılan, G., Altun-Çiftçioğlu, G. A., & Kadırgan, M. A. N. (2019). Environmental and social life cycle sustainability assessment of different packaging waste collection systems. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 143, 119-132. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.12.028Solano Meza, J. K., Orjuela Yepes, D., Rodrigo-Ilarri, J., & Cassiraga, E. (2019). Predictive analysis of urban waste generation for the city of Bogotá, Colombia, through the implementation of decision trees-based machine learning, support vector machines and artificial neural networks. Heliyon, 5(11), e02810. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02810Calderón Márquez, A. J., & Rutkowski, E. W. (2020). Waste management drivers towards a circular economy in the global south – The Colombian case. Waste Management, 110, 53-65. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2020.05.016Ezeah, C., Fazakerley, J. A., & Roberts, C. L. (2013). Emerging trends in informal sector recycling in developing and transition countries. Waste Management, 33(11), 2509-2519. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2013.06.020Hettiarachchi, H., Ryu, S., Caucci, S., & Silva, R. (2018). Municipal Solid Waste Management in Latin America and the Caribbean: Issues and Potential Solutions from the Governance Perspective. Recycling, 3(2), 19. doi:10.3390/recycling3020019Velis, C. (2017). Waste pickers in Global South: Informal recycling sector in a circular economy era. Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy, 35(4), 329-331. doi:10.1177/0734242x17702024Molano Camargo, F. (2019). El relleno sanitario Doña Juana en Bogotá: la producción política de un paisaje tóxico, 1988-2019. Historia Crítica, (74), 127-149. doi:10.7440/histcrit74.2019.06https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/derest/article/view/4927Colorado-Lopera, H. A., & Echeverri-Lopera, G. I. (2020). The solid waste in Colombia analyzed via gross domestic product: towards a sustainable economy. Revista Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad de Antioquia, (96), 51-63. doi:10.17533/udea.redin.20191046Hernández-Berriel, M. del C., Aguilar-Virgen, Q., Taboada-González, P., Lima-Morra, R., … Eljaiek-Urzola, M. (2016). GENERACIÓN Y COMPOSICIÓN DE LOS RESIDUOS SÓLIDOS URBANOS EN AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE. Revista Internacional de Contaminación Ambiental, 32(Residuos sólidos), 11-22. doi:10.20937/rica.2016.32.05.02Pardo Martínez, C. I., & Piña, W. A. (2016). Solid waste management in Bogotá: the role of recycling associations as investigated through SWOT analysis. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 19(3), 1067-1086. doi:10.1007/s10668-016-9782-

Enfermedades crónicas

Adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico y relación con el control metabólico en pacientes con DM2Aluminio en pacientes con terapia de reemplazo renal crónico con hemodiálisis en Bogotá, ColombiaAmputación de extremidades inferiores: ¿están aumentando las tasas?Consumo de edulcorantes artificiales en jóvenes universitariosCómo crecen niños normales de 2 años que son sobrepeso a los 7 añosDiagnóstico con enfoque territorial de salud cardiovascular en la Región MetropolitanaEfecto a corto plazo de una intervención con ejercicio físico, en niños con sobrepesoEfectos de la cirugía bariátrica en pacientes con síndrome metabólico e IMC < 35 KG/M2Encuesta mundial de tabaquismo en estudiantes de profesiones de saludEnfermedades crónicas no transmisibles: Consecuencias sociales-sanitarias de comunidades rurales en ChileEpidemiología de las muertes hospitalarias por patologías relacionadas a muerte encefálica, Chile 2003-2007Estado nutricional y conductas alimentarias en adolescentes de 4º medio de la Región de CoquimboEstudio de calidad de vida en una muestra del plan piloto para hepatitis CEvaluación del proceso asistencial y de resultados de salud del GES de diabetes mellitus 2Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en población universitaria de la Facsal, universidad de TarapacáImplicancias psicosociales en la génesis, evolución y tratamiento de pacientes con hipertensión arterial esencialInfarto agudo al miocardio (IAM): Realidad en el Hospital de Puerto Natales, 2009-2010Introducción de nuevas TIC y mejoría de la asistencia a un programa de saludNiños obesos atendidos en el Cesfam de Puerto Natales y su entorno familiarPerfil de la mortalidad por cáncer de cuello uterino en Río de JaneiroPerfil del paciente primo-consultante del Programa de Salud Cardiovascular, Consultorio Cordillera Andina, Los AndesPrevalencia de automedicación en mujeres beneficiarias del Hospital Comunitario de Til-TiPrevalencia de caries en población preescolar y su relación con malnutrición por excesoPrevalencia de retinopatía diabética en comunas dependientes del Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Occidente (SSMOC)Problemas de adherencia farmacológica antihipertensiva en población mapuche: Un estudio cualitativoRol biológico de los antioxidantes innatos en pacientes portadores de VIH/SidaSobrepeso en empleados de un restaurante de una universidad pública del estado de São Paul

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans – anteaters, sloths, and armadillos – have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with 24 domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, ten anteaters, and six sloths. Our dataset includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data-paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the south of the USA, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to its austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n=5,941), and Cyclopes sp. has the fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n=11,588), and the least recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n=33). With regards to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n=962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other datasets of Neotropical Series which will become available very soon (i.e. Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans dataset

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study

Background: The ISARIC prospective multinational observational study is the largest cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We present relationships of age, sex, and nationality to presenting symptoms. Methods: International, prospective observational study of 60 109 hospitalized symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 recruited from 43 countries between 30 January and 3 August 2020. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate relationships of age and sex to published COVID-19 case definitions and the most commonly reported symptoms. Results: ‘Typical’ symptoms of fever (69%), cough (68%) and shortness of breath (66%) were the most commonly reported. 92% of patients experienced at least one of these. Prevalence of typical symptoms was greatest in 30- to 60-year-olds (respectively 80, 79, 69%; at least one 95%). They were reported less frequently in children (≤ 18 years: 69, 48, 23; 85%), older adults (≥ 70 years: 61, 62, 65; 90%), and women (66, 66, 64; 90%; vs. men 71, 70, 67; 93%, each P &lt; 0.001). The most common atypical presentations under 60 years of age were nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain, and over 60 years was confusion. Regression models showed significant differences in symptoms with sex, age and country. Interpretation: This international collaboration has allowed us to report reliable symptom data from the largest cohort of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Adults over 60 and children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to present with typical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting are common atypical presentations under 30 years. Confusion is a frequent atypical presentation of COVID-19 in adults over 60 years. Women are less likely to experience typical symptoms than men

Place, discourse and vulnerability-a qualitative study of young adults living in a Swedish urban poverty zone.

This paper presents findings from a qualitative study of young adults living in a relatively deprived metropolitan area in Sweden. The analysis of interview data yielded four separate types of neighbourhood discourses, each related to a major hegemonic ‘discourse of the problematic area’. The discursive model was used to disclose different patterns of vulnerability, at both the individual and the community level. The discourses are suggested to function as mechanisms through which the spatial context, defined in structural and relational terms, could be linked to health and well-being

Management of black carbon in Colombia and its impact on climate change, air quality and health. Analysis and recommendations

Objetivo. Analizar el contaminante climático de vida corta carbono negro y su incidencia en salud en Bogotá y en el Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá y proponer recomendaciones para su gestión, considerando herramientas nacionales e internacionales. Métodos. Se empleó un método mixto con enfoques cualitativos y cuantitativos a través de revisión y evaluación de herramientas existentes a nivel nacional e internacional, y del análisis de datos mediante el software AirQ+ de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Resultados. El número estimado de muertes atribuibles a exposición de largo plazo a carbono negro (CN) por cada 100 000 habitantes fue de 95 en el 2020, y de 100 en 2021 en Bogotá, en el Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá (AMVA) en el 2020 fue de 137 y en el 2021 de 184. A partir de la revisión de las herramientas de gestión, las recomendaciones propuestas a las áreas de estudio se centran en el mantenimiento preventivo y correctivo del sector transporte, fortalecimiento a los sistemas de monitoreo y de alertas tempranas y atender a la población expuesta a las fuentes de emisión del CN. Conclusiones: Colombia, aunque ha efectuado grandes esfuerzos, aún está en una fase incipiente de gestión del CN. Con el propósito de disminuir muertes atribuibles en Bogotá y en AMVA se sugiere abordar la problemática desde una visión ecosistémica, es decir, desde los enfoques de salud, cambio climático y contaminación atmosférica.Aim. Analyze the short-lived climate pollutant black carbon and its impact on health in Bogotá and Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá and propose recommendations for its management, considering national and international tools. methods. A mixed method with qualitative and quantitative approaches was used through the review and evaluation of existing tools at the national and international level, and data analysis using the AirQ+ software of the World Health Organization (WHO). Results. The estimated number of deaths attributable to long-term exposure to black carbon (BC) per 100,000 inhabitants was 95 in 2020, and 100 in 2021 in Bogotá, in Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá (AMVA) in the 2020 it was 137 and in 2021 it was 184. Based on the review of the management tools, the recommendations proposed to the study areas focus on preventive and corrective maintenance of the transport sector, strengthening of monitoring and early alerts and care for the population exposed to the sources of CN emission. Conclusions: Colombia, although it has made great efforts, is still in an incipient phase of NC management. In order to reduce attributable deaths in Bogotá and in AMVA, it is suggested to address the problem from an ecosystem perspective, that is, from the perspectives of health, climate change and air pollution.2023-01-23 16:30:01: Script de automatizacion de embargos. Correo recibido 17ene2023: Teniendo en cuenta la nota en el cargue del documento de trabajo de grado en el Repositorio Institucional, sobre la opción de Restringido, amablemente informamos que, en el transcurso de este semestre se enviará el artículo de investigación a la Revista Panamericana de la Salud Pública para su publicación, siendo este el motivo para seleccionar esta opción. Quedamos atentas a cualquier observación. Muchas gracias. Cordialmente, Catalina Ceballos y Paula Andrea Bustos Maestría en Derecho y Gestión Ambiental Correo respuesta 23ene2023: Respetadas Paula Andrea y Catalina, reciban un cordial saludo, Hemos realizado la publicación de su documento: Gestión del carbono negro en Colombia y su incidencia en el cambio climático, la calidad del aire y la salud. Análisis y recomendaciones, el cual puede consultar en el siguiente enlace: https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/37950 De acuerdo con su solicitud, el documento ha quedado embargado por 2 años, es decir, hasta el 23 de enero de 2025 en concordancia con las Políticas de Acceso Abierto de la Universidad. Si usted desea dejarlo con acceso abierto antes de finalizar dicho periodo o si por el contrario desea extender el embargo al finalizar este tiempo, puede enviar un correo a esta misma dirección realizando la solicitud. Tenga en cuenta que los documentos en acceso abierto propician una mayor visibilidad de su producción académica. De otra parte, dado que desea publicar su obra en una revista de prestigio, queremos invitarlas a tomar una asesoría con nuestros asesores de información del CRAI, quienes podrán brindarles orientación y acompañamiento en la edición para publicación. La solicitud de asesoría puede agendarla en el siguiente link: https://n9.cl/agendamiento_servicios_crai Quedamos atentos a cualquier inquietud o sugerencia