Un nouveau pont entre deux rives ? L’émergence d’une société civile transatlantique

En 1995, les États-Unis et l’Union européenne signent le Nouvel Agenda transatlantique (nat) en vue d’accroître et de consolider les rapports entre les deux ensembles continentaux après la guerre froide. Le dernier des quatre domaines de collaboration propose la formation de dialogues « peuple à peuple » entre les sociétés civiles des deux côtés de l’Atlantique. Cet article, en prenant appui sur le concept de société civile, s’intéresse au cas particulier du dialogue transatlantique sur l’environnement (taed). L’hypothèse posée est que l’interprétation gramscienne de la société civile explique de façon convaincante l’échec du taed, deux ans après sa mise en route.Signed in 1995 by the United States and the European Union, the New Transatlantic Agenda (nat) was designed to foster and deepen relations between the two powers after the end of the Cold War. Last of four nta’s domains of collaboration insisted on the development of « people-to-people » dialogues between civil society from both sides of the Atlantic. This article, building on the concept of civil society, focuses on the Transatlantic Environmental Dialogue (taed). I argue that the Gramscian interpretation of civil society can be convincingly used to explain taed’s collapse two years only after its foundation

De l'esthétique du cauchemar : des dispositifs de création qui indisposent

C'est à partir d'une pratique en création de plus de vingt ans, combinée à de nombreuses expériences artistiques autant inconfortables que mémorables, que naît mon hypothèse de recherche De l'esthétique du cauchemar – des dispositifs de création qui indisposent. L'objectif premier de cette recherche a été de faire le recensement des écrits sur le cauchemar – propriétés, caractéristiques, contenus, fonctionnement, etc. – pour faire ressortir toute la spécificité du phénomène et ainsi établir un modèle esthétique qui pourrait, comme second objectif, être utilisé pour mieux apprécier et analyser un certain type d'oeuvres anxiogène, en faciliter la compréhension et même stimuler de nouvelles créations. Ce mémoire relate d'abord l'ensemble de mes préoccupations artistiques et des considérations qui m’ont conduit à ce sujet de recherche, puis présente la collecte des principales particularités du cauchemar. Plusieurs oeuvres d'artistes visuels – photographie, sculpture, film, installation – sont mises en parallèle avec mes trouvailles et ne rencontrent que de manière atténuée le phénomène. C'est que le cauchemar est une terrible effraction, un coup de tonnerre dans un ciel faussement serein. Mes oeuvres réalisées avec le thème cauchemar – juste avant mon inscription à la maîtrise – sont également analysées et ne rencontrent pas toutes la spécificité de « poids » du modèle qui résiste à la représentation. Je présente par contre deux de mes oeuvres antérieures qui, curieusement, s'approchent davantage de l'esthétique recherchée. Le modèle de l'esthétique du cauchemar se divise en deux groupes à la toute fin; des nuances et des distinctions indispensables avec l'inquiétante étrangeté de Freud y sont également exposées. Enfin, c'est par choix stylistique et avec beaucoup d'honnêteté que je partage, tout au long de ce mémoire, mes erreurs et incompréhensions du phénomène cauchemar, en ajoutant sans cesse de nouveaux éléments pour parfaire le modèle, mieux le saisir et le cerner, mais aussi traduire avec justesse l'esprit même de ce qu'est la recherche : intuition, trouvaille, égarement, lumière, incompréhension, indice, piège, précision, dénouement

Projets citoyens pour une paix durable, en France, en Grande-Bretagne et aux États-Unis (1914-1924)

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal

Les failles dans la prédiction des troubles de comportements externalisés et internalisés à la période préscolaire : l'utilité des résidus standardisés dans l'identification de sous-groupes hétérogènes

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Note and Comment

Boycott - Clayton Act - In Duplex Printing Press Company v. Deering et al. (January 3, 192I) 41 S. Ct. 172, the facts were: The plaintiff, a Michigan corporation, manufactures at Battle Creek, and sells throughout the United States, especially in and around New York City, and abroad, very large, heavy and complicated newspaper printing presses. Purchasers furnish workmen, but ordinary mechanics alone are not competent to do this, and so they are supervised by specially skilled machinists furnished by plaintiffs. The plaintiffs have always operated on the open shop plan, without discrimination against union or non-union labor, either at its factory or at the place of installation of presses, but have not observed the eight-hour day nor the union scale of wages

Outils virtuels et qualité de la langue

La présente recherche a été subventionnée par le ministère de l'Éducation, du Loisir et du Sport dans le cadre du Programme d'aide à la recherche sur l'enseignement et l'apprentissage (PAREA 2009-2011)PA-2009-003Titre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 8 nov. 2011

Association between Changes in Muscle Quality with Exercise Training and Changes in Cardiorespiratory Fitness Measures in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Results from the HART-D Study

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with a reduction in muscle quality. However, there is inadequate empirical evidence to determine whether changes in muscle quality following exercise are associated with improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in individuals with T2DM. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between change in muscle quality following a 9-month intervention of aerobic training (AT), resistance training (RT) or a combination of both (ATRT) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in individuals with T2DM. Material and Methods A total of 196 participants were randomly assigned to a control, AT, RT, or combined ATRT for a 9-months intervention. The exposure variable was change in muscle quality [(Post: leg muscle strength/leg muscle mass)-[(Pre: leg muscle strength/leg muscle mass)]. Dependent variables were change in CRF measures including absolute and relative VO2peak, and treadmill time to exhaustion (TTE) and estimated metabolic equivalent task (METs). Results Continuous change in muscle quality was independently associated with change in absolute (β = 0.015; p = 0.019) and relative (β = 0.200; p = 0.005) VO2peak, and TTE (β = 0.170; p = 0.043), but not with estimated METs (p > 0.05). A significant trend was observed across tertiles of change in muscle quality for changes in absolute (β = 0.050; p = 0.005) and relative (β = 0.624; p = 0.002) VO2peak following 9 months of exercise training. No such association was observed for change in TTE and estimated METs (p > 0.05). Discussion: The results from this ancillary study suggest that change in muscle quality following exercise training is associated with a greater improvement in CRF in individuals with T2DM. Given the effect RT has on increasing muscle quality, especially as part of a recommended training program (ATRT), individuals with T2DM should incorporate RT into their AT regimens to optimize CRF improvement

Hydroacoustic Evaluation of Fish Passage Through Bonneville Dam in 2005

The Portland District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers requested that the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) conduct fish-passage studies at Bonneville Dam in 2005. These studies support the Portland District's goal of maximizing fish-passage efficiency (FPE) and obtaining 95% survival for juvenile salmon passing Bonneville Dam. Major passage routes include 10 turbines and a sluiceway at Powerhouse 1 (B1), an 18-bay spillway, and eight turbines and a sluiceway at Powerhouse 2 (B2). In this report, we present results of two studies related to juvenile salmonid passage at Bonneville Dam. The studies were conducted between April 16 and July 15, 2005, encompassing most of the spring and summer migrations. Studies included evaluations of (1) Project fish passage efficiency and other major passage metrics, and (2) smolt approach and fate at B1 Sluiceway Outlet 3C from the B1 forebay. Some of the large appendices are only presented on the compact disk (CD) that accompanies the final report. Examples include six large comma-separated-variable (.CSV) files of hourly fish passage, hourly variances, and Project operations for spring and summer from Appendix E, and large Audio Video Interleave (AVI) files with DIDSON-movie clips of the area upstream of B1 Sluiceway Outlet 3C (Appendix H). Those video clips show smolts approaching the outlet, predators feeding on smolts, and vortices that sometimes entrained approaching smolts into turbines. The CD also includes Adobe Acrobat Portable Document Files (PDF) of the entire report and appendices

Role of Physical Activity and Fitness in the Characterization and Prognosis of the Metabolically Healthy Obesity Phenotype: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The aims of the present article are to systematically review and meta-analyze the existing evidence on: 1) differences in physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscular strength (MST) between metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO); and 2) the prognosis of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality/morbidity in MHO individuals, compared with the best scenario possible, i.e., metabolically healthy normal-weight (MHNW), after adjusting for PA, SB, CRF or MST. Our systematic review identified 67 cross-sectional studies to address aim 1, and 11 longitudinal studies to address aim 2. The major findings and conclusions from the current meta-analysis are: 1) MHO individuals are more active, spend less time in SB, and have a higher level of CRF (yet no differences in MST) than MUO individuals, suggesting that their healthier metabolic profile could be at least partially due to these healthier lifestyle factors and attributes. 2) The meta-analysis of cohort studies which accounted for PA (N = 10 unique cohorts, 100% scored as high-quality) support the notion that MHO individuals have a 24-33% higher risk of all-cause mortality and CVD mortality/morbidity compared to MHNW individuals. This risk was borderline significant/non-significant, independent of the length of the follow-up and lower than that reported in previous meta-analyses in this topic including all type of studies, which could be indicating a modest reduction in the risk estimates as a consequence of accounting for PA. 3) Only one study has examined the role of CRF in the prognosis of MHO individuals. This study suggests that the differences in the risk of all-cause mortality and CVD mortality/morbidity between MHO and MHNW are largely explained by differences in CRF between these two phenotypes